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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 59


Page 59 of 444

Single gene controls Corn Belt weed's resistance to soil-applied herbicide

Researchers at the University of Illinois have identified a single major gene controlling waterhemp's resistance to S-metolachlor, a widely used soil-applied herbicide. This finding poses a significant challenge for farmers, as it increases the risk of spread and limits effective weed management options.

SourceUniversity of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences·JournalWeed Science·DateNov 8, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Expert consensus statement defines best practices for integration of lifestyle medicine into primary care settings

The American College of Lifestyle Medicine has published an expert consensus statement defining the implementation of lifestyle medicine in primary care, which aims to achieve optimal health outcomes. The statement emphasizes the importance of a multi-disciplinary team approach and deprescribing medications as essential parts of safe a...

SourceAmerican College of Lifestyle Medicine·JournalAmerican Journal of Lifestyle Medicine·DateNov 8, 2023

How mice choose to eat or to drink

A Stanford University study found that mice resolve conflicts between hunger and thirst through indirect modulation of behavior. The researchers used advanced recording technology to monitor individual neurons in the mouse brain, predicting the animal's choice before it was presented with options.

SourceStanford University·JournalNature·DateNov 8, 2023

Independent monitoring of the WHO pandemic agreement is non-negotiable, experts say

Researchers at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health propose establishing an independent committee to monitor state parties' compliance with the WHO pandemic agreement. The committee would report to a heads of state-level body and share findings publicly to promote accountability and effective implementation.

SourceColumbia University's Mailman School of Public Health·JournalBMJ Global Health·DateNov 8, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Computer models fill critical knowledge gaps to help reduce cancer disparities

Researchers used computer modeling to analyze cancer incidence and mortality rates among diverse populations, confirming the validity of the approach. The studies aimed to address critical public health issues by identifying leverage points to increase equity in cancer burden among Black populations.

SourceGeorgetown University Medical Center·JournalJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateNov 8, 2023
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Molecule tested at University of São Paulo, in Brazil, proves able to mitigate heart failure

Researchers at the University of São Paulo have tested a synthetic molecule called AD-9308, which has shown potential in treating heart failure by activating the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2. The study found that the molecule improved mitochondrial filtration, eliminating cellular pollutants and boosting heart function by up to 40%.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalEuropean Heart Journal·DateNov 8, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Conversational artificial intelligence/large language model can accurately diagnose and triage health conditions, without introducing racial and ethnic biases

A study published in JMIR Medical Education found that GPT-4 can accurately diagnose and triage health conditions comparable to board-certified physicians. The model's performance does not vary by patient race or ethnicity, providing a promising tool for healthcare systems.

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences·JournalJMIR Medical Education·TypeObservational study·DateNov 8, 2023

Diabetes drug for prostate cancer? Columbia study provides clarity

Researchers found that metformin restores mitochondrial activity and prevents cancer progression in mice and human prostate cells, particularly those with low NKX3.1 levels. The study suggests metformin could be used to prevent further progression of cancer in patients under active surveillance with low-NKX3.1 tumors.

SourceColumbia University Irving Medical Center·JournalEuropean Urology·DateNov 8, 2023

PKU astronomers reveal the formation of dense dwarf galaxy ‘fossils’

An international team of astronomers has identified 106 galaxies with sizes between normal dwarfs and ultra-compact dwarfs in the Virgo Cluster. These 'fossils' provide insight into how extreme galaxies form, suggesting a common origin for ultra-diffuse galaxies and ultra-compact dwarf galaxies.

SourcePeking University·JournalNature·DateNov 8, 2023

Researchers identify brain network that is uniquely activated through injection vs. oral drug use

A study published in Nature Communications reveals that the 'salience network' in the brain is uniquely activated by intravenous drug use, which may be associated with higher addiction rates and faster relief from withdrawal. This finding could lead to the development of new therapies for substance use disorders.

SourceNIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse·JournalNature Communications·DateNov 8, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Physicists trap electrons in a 3D crystal for the first time

Researchers successfully trapped electrons in a three-dimensional material, creating an electronic flat band that can lead to exotic behavior such as superconductivity. The kagome-inspired geometry of the crystal allows for stable trapping of electrons in all three dimensions.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalNature·DateNov 8, 2023

Autism brain states hold the key to unlocking childhood memories

Researchers at Trinity College Dublin discovered that autism-induced maternal immune response alters brain development and prevents infantile amnesia. Memories formed during infancy can be permanently reinstated through light-activated neural pathways in adults.

SourceTrinity College Dublin·JournalScience Advances·DateNov 8, 2023

New study highlights connection with strawberries, cognition and mood in middle-aged, overweight adults

A new study published in Nutrients shows that daily strawberry consumption for 12 weeks reduced interference in memory and depressive symptoms among middle-aged, overweight adults with self-reported mild cognitive decline. The findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory actions of anthocyanins found in strawberries may be responsible.

SourceWild Hive·JournalNutrients·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateNov 8, 2023
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

The metabolism of bacteria under the microscope: new method reveals host-microbe interactions

Researchers at Kiel University developed a new method to study bacteria using microscopy and metabolomics, revealing insights into chemical communication between microbes and their hosts. The method allows for the simultaneous identification of individual bacteria and analysis of metabolites without laboratory cultivation.

SourceKiel University·JournalNature Protocols·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 8, 2023

A comparative analysis of two SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: Insights from Korea University College of Medicine

A recent study published in eClinical Medicine found that the GB510/AS03 vaccine elicited a stronger antibody immune response against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain compared to ChAdOx1-S. The vaccine demonstrated robust safety and efficacy, with no significant safety concerns identified.

SourceKorea University College of Medicine·JournalEClinicalMedicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateNov 8, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Scientists take major step towards completing the world’s first synthetic yeast.

A UK-based team has completed construction of a synthetic chromosome as part of a major international project to build the world's first synthetic yeast genome. The synthetic chromosome allows cells to grow with the same fitness level as natural cells, enabling new applications in medicine, bioenergy, and biotechnology.

SourceUniversity of Nottingham·JournalCell Genomics·DateNov 8, 2023

Yeast with an over half synthetic genome is created in the lab

Researchers successfully combined seven synthetic chromosomes into a single yeast cell, resulting in a strain with more than 50% synthetic DNA. The team's achievement paves the way for engineering biology and understanding the fundamental principles of genome fundamentals.

SourceCell Press·JournalCell·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 8, 2023

A thyroxine derivative enhances brain drug delivery

Researchers developed prodrugs that temporarily incorporate thyroxine or a thyroxine-like molecule to enhance brain drug delivery. These prodrugs were efficiently delivered into glial cells via the OATP1C1 transporter, targeting chronic inflammation in the brain.

SourceUniversity of Eastern Finland·JournalJournal of Medicinal Chemistry·DateNov 8, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

1 in 25 carries a genotype that is associated with a shortened lifespan

A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that 4% of Icelanders carry an actionable genotype associated with increased risk of cardiovascular, cancer, and metabolic diseases. These genotypes can lead to a three-year shorter median survival for carriers, particularly those with cancer-predisposing variants.

SourcedeCODE genetics·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateNov 8, 2023

‘Alien’ wasps thriving in tropical forests, study finds

Researchers discovered high biodiversity of Darwin wasps on a mountain in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, with 98 species found. This finding debunks the notion that these wasps thrive only in cooler habitats and highlights the importance of protecting tropical environments.

SourceUniversity of York·JournalInsects·DateNov 8, 2023

Three-dimensional label-free morphology of CD8+ T cells as a sepsis biomarker

Researchers developed an AI model analyzing 3D label-free changes in immune cell structure during healthy conditions, sepsis diagnosis, and recovery. Significant morphological changes were identified, suggesting CD8+ T-cell structures as a valuable complement to traditional diagnostic tools.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight Science & Applications·DateNov 8, 2023

Children's dental health significantly improved using electric toothbrushes

A new study found that electric toothbrushes significantly reduce plaque and gingivitis in young children aged 3-10. The research showed that electric toothbrushes are more effective than manual toothbrushes in reducing these dental issues, with whole mouth plaque reduction increasing by up to 55.7% in younger children.

SourceThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem·JournalInternational Journal of Paediatric Dentistry·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateNov 8, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Does cannabis use affect empathy?

Regular cannabis users show a greater understanding of others' emotions, while their brains exhibit stronger connections between regions related to emotional sensing. This study suggests potential therapeutic applications for conditions involving social interaction deficits.

SourceWiley·JournalJournal of Neuroscience Research·DateNov 8, 2023

New antifungal molecule kills fungi without toxicity in human cells, mice

Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new antifungal molecule that targets fungal cells without harming human kidney cells or other tissues. The molecule, dubbed AM-2-19, has shown significant efficacy against various fungal infections in vitro and in vivo studies.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 8, 2023

21st century Total Wars will enlist technologies in ways we don’t yet understand, writes Jordan Richard Schoenherr

The Ukraine War is a turning point in modern warfare, as new technologies like AI, drones, and cyberweapons are being used to devastating effect. Researchers like Jordan Richard Schoenherr warn that our understanding of warfare is outdated, and we need to rethink the role of sociotechnical systems in strategic thinking.

SourceConcordia University·JournalIEEE Technology and Society Magazine·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateNov 8, 2023
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease focus of latest clinical practice guideline

The new American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for treating patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). The guideline recommends using specific immune modulating and antifibrotic medications, such as mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, nintedanib, ...

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·JournalAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·TypeSystematic review·DateNov 8, 2023

AI can map giant icebergs from satellite images 10,000 times faster than humans

Scientists have developed an AI system that accurately maps the surface area and outline of giant icebergs in one-hundredth of a second. This technology surpasses manual interpretation methods, which can take several minutes to delineate an iceberg's outline, and offers insights into their impact on the polar environment.

SourceUniversity of Leeds·JournalThe Cryosphere·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateNov 8, 2023

Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Small change, big effect

Researchers have identified a common mutation in the transcription factor IRF4 that drives tumor cell development in Hodgkin's lymphoma. This mutation leads to the activation of disease-relevant genes, and blocking its effects could provide new therapeutic opportunities.

SourceMax Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 8, 2023

Mathematicians “thread the needle” to improve IVF success rates

Researchers redesigned IVF needles to reduce fluid flow damage to eggs, improving oocyte collection and IVF success rates. The study uses computer models and mathematical simulations to optimize the design, which has been successfully tested in cattle, with plans for human trials.

SourceUniversity of Warwick·JournalJournal of Biomechanics·DateNov 8, 2023
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Temperature increase triggers the viral infection

A study by Lund University researchers mapped the effects of temperature on a virus particle's genetic material, revealing its rapid injection into cells at elevated temperatures. The findings suggest that higher body temperature may increase the risk of infection spread.

SourceLund University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateNov 8, 2023

Accurately calculating life expectancy since COVID-19

A new study recalculates US life expectancy during COVID-19, revealing smaller declines than previously thought. The hybrid life expectancy method accounts for pandemic duration, providing a more accurate assessment of the pandemic's impact.

SourceInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis·JournalBiology Methods and Protocols·DateNov 8, 2023
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Device 'smells' seawater to discover, detect novel molecules

Researchers developed a waterproof device that captures and enriches dissolved compounds in seawater, revealing diverse elemental compositions and unknown molecular structures, with potential applications for drug discovery and ecosystem health monitoring.

SourceAmerican Chemical Society·JournalACS Central Science·DateNov 8, 2023

Head lice evolution mirrors human migration and colonization in the Americas

A new study analyzing lice genetic diversity found that head lice arrived in the Americas twice – once with early human migrants and again during European colonization. This discovery supports existing theories on human migration and provides insights into how lice have evolved alongside humans.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateNov 8, 2023

Identifying a silicon transporter to improve the yield of rice

Scientists at Okayama University have identified a membrane transporter, SIET4, in rice leaves that facilitates the localization of silicon. This discovery reveals intricate processes involved in Si deposition, enabling plants to accumulate high levels of silicon and survive environmental stresses.

SourceOkayama University·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 8, 2023
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Artificial bladders shine light on bugs that cause urinary tract infections

Researchers created mini bladders to study bacterial interactions with human bladder tissue, finding that some bacteria form 'pods' to survive treatment. The study suggests a new approach for diagnosing and treating UTIs by identifying how the body responds to different bacteria.

SourceUniversity College London·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 8, 2023

Infection with common cat-borne parasite associated with frailty in older adults

A new study suggests that infection with the common cat-borne parasite Toxoplasma gondii may contribute to frailty in older adults. Among those infected, individuals with higher 'serointensity' or antibody levels to the parasite were more likely to be frail, highlighting a potential link between latent infection and inflammation.

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·JournalJournal of Gerontology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateNov 7, 2023

Study supports use of reduced-dose of direct oral anticoagulants for many older adults with two or more chronic medical conditions

A nationwide study found a higher rate of bleeding with standard versus reduced-dose direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in older nursing home residents. Reduced-dose DOACs are recommended for many older adults with multiple chronic medical conditions.

SourceHebrew SeniorLife Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research·JournalJournal of the American Heart Association·DateNov 7, 2023

Maps reveal biochar’s potential for mitigating climate change

Researchers have created high-resolution maps showing the potential for biochar to sequester large amounts of carbon, with Bhutan and India leading the way in reducing their greenhouse gas emissions. The study suggests that biochar production can remove up to one billion metric tons of carbon from the atmosphere annually.

SourceCornell University·JournalGCB Bioenergy·DateNov 7, 2023
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Hundreds of clinics may be guilty of false or misleading claims in ketamine advertising

Researchers at CU Anschutz Medical Campus and Johns Hopkins University found that hundreds of ketamine clinics make false or misleading statements about their treatments. The study highlights the need for accurate and balanced information about potential risks and benefits of these therapies, especially given the high financial costs i...

SourceUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateNov 7, 2023