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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 305


Page 305 of 444

Firearms injure or kill up to a quarter of juvenile justice youth after detention

A new study by Northwestern University found that up to a quarter of juvenile justice youth are later injured or killed by firearms within 16 years. The study highlights the need for policy and intervention strategies to address the epidemic of firearm injury and death among high-risk youth, particularly those in the juvenile justice s...

SourceNorthwestern University·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateApr 21, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Most people feel “psychologically close” to climate change

Researchers found that most people perceive climate change as an important and timely issue, contrary to the assumption that it is a distant problem. The study suggests that focusing on leveraging this perception can help drive climate action.

SourceCell Press·JournalOne Earth·TypeLiterature review·DateApr 21, 2023

Putting hydrogen on solid ground: Simulations with a machine learning model predict a new phase of solid hydrogen

Researchers used a machine learning model to simulate the behavior of hydrogen atoms at high pressures, discovering a new phase that was missed by previous theories and experiments. The discovery has sparked further investigation into the properties of solid hydrogen under extreme conditions.

SourceUniversity of Illinois Grainger College of Engineering·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateApr 21, 2023

Study shows how machine learning can identify social grooming behavior from acceleration signals in wild baboons

Researchers tracked social grooming behavior in wild baboons using collars-mounted accelerometers, identifying and quantifying giving and receiving grooming with high accuracy. The study's findings have important implications for the study of social behavior in animals, particularly non-human primates.

SourceSwansea University·JournalRoyal Society Open Science·TypeObservational study·DateApr 21, 2023

The climate and biodiversity crises are not two separate things

The study emphasizes the connection between climate crisis and biodiversity loss, highlighting the need to protect and restore at least 30% of land, freshwater, and marine zones. The authors propose a combination of emissions reduction, restoration, and protection measures to address both crises.

SourceFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg·JournalScience·DateApr 21, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Developing cells likely can ‘change their mind’ about their destiny

New research suggests neural crest cells retain adaptability even after differentiation, enabling them to 'change their mind' and differentiate anew. This hyper-flexibility has significant implications for regenerative medicine, as these cells have immense potential as treatments to replace and repair damaged body tissue.

SourceUniversity of Bath·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2023

Study points to new approach to treat chronic transplant rejection

Researchers at University of Pittsburgh have discovered a type of immune cell that drives chronic organ transplant failure and uncovered pathways to improve patient outcomes. Blocking IL-15 signaling has been shown to prolong graft survival in mouse kidney recipients, offering a promising therapeutic target.

SourceUniversity of Pittsburgh·JournalScience Immunology·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2023

On-demand preparation of organosilicon reagents

Scientists at the National University of Singapore have developed a new method for synthesizing organosilanes using eosin Y, a low-cost and readily available dye molecule. This enables stepwise customised functionalisation of multihydrosilanes to access fully substituted silicon compounds.

SourceNational University of Singapore·JournalNature Chemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2023

Newly sequenced hornet genomes could help explain invasion success

Researchers have sequenced the genomes of two hornet species, revealing clues to their invasive success. The study found rapid genome evolution and genes related to communication and smell, which may help explain why hornets are successful as invasive species across the globe.

SourceUniversity College London·JournalScientific Reports·DateApr 21, 2023
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Study finds alcohol-related liver disease soared in nearly all states during the pandemic, with one race particularly affected

Alcohol consumption increased substantially across US during COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among American Indian and Alaska Native populations, leading to a six-fold increase in deaths from alcohol-associated liver disease compared to white people. The study highlights the need for urgent action by public policy leaders to address th...

SourceMassachusetts General Hospital·JournalJAMA Health Forum·DateApr 21, 2023

A backpack full of multiple sclerosis therapy

A cell therapy using myeloid cells bound to drug delivery microparticles reduces disease burden in a preclinical multiple sclerosis model. The therapy partially reverses hind limb paralysis and improves motor functions.

SourceWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Gut bacteria use super-polymers to dodge antibiotics

Researchers discovered that gut bacteria's F-pili are stronger in harsh conditions, enabling efficient gene transfer and biofilm formation. The findings highlight the challenge of combating antibiotic resistance and suggest exploiting similar molecular properties for precise drug delivery.

SourceImperial College London·JournalNature Communications·DateApr 21, 2023

A K-/Ka-band planar shared-aperture beam-scanning array with a high-isolation for the emerging mm-wave shared-aperture terminals

A K-/Ka-band planar shared-aperture beam-scanning array with high isolation is presented, featuring a compact footprint and wideband operation. The proposed antenna achieves improved channel isolation using a fully differential feed network and filtering response of the substrate-integrated waveguide.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience China Information Sciences·DateApr 21, 2023
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

Researchers devise cascaded microfluidic circuits for pulsatile filtration of extracellular vesicles directly from whole blood samples

Cascaded microfluidic circuits successfully isolate and purify EVs directly from blood samples within 30 minutes, surpassing ultracentrifugation and dead-end filtration methods. The technology has high clinical potential for early cancer diagnosis and real-time monitoring of tumor development.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalScience Advances·DateApr 21, 2023

New approach to developing efficient, high-precision 3D light shapers

Scientists create a simple approach to fabricating highly precise 3D aperiodic photonic volume elements (APVEs) for various applications. The method uses direct laser writing to arrange voxels of specific refractive indices in glass, enabling the precise control of light flow and achieving record-high diffraction efficiency.

SourceSPIE--International Society for Optics and Photonics·JournalAdvanced Photonics Nexus·DateApr 21, 2023

Arctic ice algae heavily contaminated with microplastics

Research reveals that Arctic ice algae, Melosira arctica, contain ten times more microplastic particles than surrounding seawater. The clumps of dead algae transport plastic pollutants quickly into the deep sea, posing a threat to creatures that feed on them.

SourceAlfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research·JournalEnvironmental Science & Technology·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2023

Tiny plastic particles also find their way into the brain

A study discovered that tiny polystyrene particles can breach the blood-brain barrier two hours after ingestion, increasing the risk of inflammation and neurological disorders. The newly found mechanism relies on a biomolecular corona, highlighting the need to restrict nanoplastic use and exposure.

SourceMedical University of Vienna·JournalNanomaterials·DateApr 21, 2023
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Researchers develop safety monitoring system for construction sites

A new system called ViPER+ uses ultra-wideband technology to track workers' locations on job sites, enhancing safety by detecting violations of location-based policies. The system was tested in two construction zones with students playing the roles of workers and vehicles, demonstrating its accuracy in non-line of sight situations.

SourceUniversity of Houston·JournalApplied Sciences·DateApr 21, 2023

Greener batteries

Researchers have developed a new type of organic battery that uses redox-organic electrode materials (OEMs) synthesized from natural materials. The battery features high capacity, scalability, and recyclability, making it a promising sustainable alternative to traditional lithium-ion batteries.

SourceWiley·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2023

International team of physicists explore microscopic filament behavior

An international team of physicists creates a material with ultra-low density by controlling the three-dimensional shape of rigid microscopic filaments. The study shows that shape can be used to create materials with novel properties, such as glass-like behavior even in high water content suspensions.

SourceGeorgetown University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeImaging analysis·DateApr 21, 2023
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Bank of England media coverage is an "effective” additional channel for accountability, study shows

A recent study by University of Exeter researchers found that the Bank of England's media coverage plays a significant role in reinforcing accountability. The study analyzed 13,986 articles from major news outlets and discovered that media coverage levels are strongly linked to parliamentary hearings and speeches by central bankers. Th...

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalGovernance·TypeMeta-analysis·DateApr 21, 2023

Want to make better materials? Read between the lines. Or the “grain boundaries,” as they’re known in materials science.

A team of scientists created a mathematical model that accurately describes microstructures by integrating data from highly magnified images taken during experiments. The findings provide insight into how microstructures change at high temperatures and have implications for the development of new materials.

SourceLehigh University·Journalnpj Computational Materials·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateApr 21, 2023

New stellar danger to planets identified by NASA'S Chandra program

A new study from NASA's Chandra program reveals that exploded stars can pose a significant risk to nearby planets due to intense X-ray radiation, potentially altering atmospheric chemistry and causing mass extinctions.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal·TypeObservational study·DateApr 21, 2023
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

FSU researchers develop new test for detecting cancer biomarkers

A team of FSU chemists has developed a new test for detecting biological markers related to several types of cancer. The sensing platform uses gold nanoparticles and peptides labeled with a dye, emitting light when the enzyme MMP-14 is present, allowing researchers to generate data on cancer marker levels

SourceFlorida State University·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·DateApr 21, 2023

Too much insulin can be as dangerous as too little

A new study has identified a metabolic enzyme called FBP1 that acts as a safety valve to prevent insulin shock. Researchers found that FBP1 inhibits protein kinase AKT, which is the primary conduit of insulin activity, and developed a peptide derived from FBP1 that can reverse insulin resistance and restore normal glycemic control.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalCell Metabolism·DateApr 21, 2023

Neighborhood disadvantage and breast cancer–specific survival

A study of 5,000 patients with breast cancer found that women from disadvantaged neighborhoods had shorter breast cancer-specific survival rates compared to those from advantaged areas. The findings suggest potential unaccounted mechanisms, including social determinants of health and access to care.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateApr 21, 2023
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

What makes someone likely to be a first-gen college grad? Money

A new study reveals that first-generation college graduates often originate from more affluent families with greater resources. This challenges the notion of a meritocracy, where success is solely based on individual effort. The research highlights the significant advantage these students have due to their family's socioeconomic status.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalSociological Quarterly·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateApr 21, 2023

The right sports bra may increase your running performance by 7%

A new study published in Frontiers in Sports and Active Living found that greater breast support during running is associated with increased knee joint stiffness, altering the lower body biomechanics of female runners. High support sports bras can improve running performance by up to 7% for women.

SourceFrontiers·JournalFrontiers in Sports and Active Living·TypeObservational study·DateApr 21, 2023

Nanowire networks learn and remember like a human brain

Researchers at University of Sydney demonstrated nanowire networks can exhibit short- and long-term memory, mirroring human brain function. The network outperformed in tasks requiring recognition and recall, showcasing its potential to enhance robotics and sensor devices.

SourceUniversity of Sydney·JournalScience Advances·TypeObservational study·DateApr 21, 2023

Opportunities and challenges for geological and hydrogeological work in China in the new era

China's geological and hydrogeological work is facing significant challenges, including environmental degradation and resource depletion. To overcome these challenges, it is essential to promote innovation and transformation in geological work, broaden its application, and improve the level of geological services to society.

SourceTsinghua University Press·JournalJournal of Groundwater Science and Engineering·DateApr 20, 2023
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

How and when do athletes seek mental health support?

A review aims to consolidate existing knowledge on athletes' help-seeking for mental health, highlighting the need to understand their attitudes and experiences with services. Athletes face challenges in accessing support, with lower rates of help-seeking compared to the general population.

SourceUniversity of Birmingham·JournalBMJ Open·TypeMeta-analysis·DateApr 20, 2023

How “master regulators” of cells make DNA accessible for gene expression

Researchers from Penn State and Ohio State University used structural biology, biophysics, and cell biology to understand how pioneer factors interact with nucleosomes. They found that a specific region of the protein helps it access DNA, making it accessible for proteins involved in gene expression.

SourcePenn State·JournalMolecular Cell·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 20, 2023
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

The University of Liège and Mithra pharmaceuticals are intensifying their collaboration for the production of biosourced estetrol

The collaboration between CiTOS Lab at ULiège and Mithra Pharmaceuticals enables the development of an efficient biosourced estetrol production process. The thermolysis reaction yields a key intermediate with unprecedented productivity, allowing for several million doses to be achieved with minimal global footprint.

SourceUniversity of Liège·JournalReaction Chemistry & Engineering·DateApr 20, 2023

Using solar farms to generate fresh desert soil crust

ASU researchers have developed a method to regenerate biocrusts on arid lands by harnessing the power of solar farms. The approach, dubbed 'crustivoltaics,' has shown promising results in doubling biocrust biomass and tripling biocrust cover under photovoltaic panels.

SourceArizona State University·JournalNature Sustainability·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 20, 2023

bioRxiv and PaperPlayer pilot a new feature to increase accessibility

bioRxiv has partnered with PaperPlayer to offer audio versions of preprint abstracts in the Neuroscience category, enhancing accessibility and providing an alternative way to consume research. The new feature is being piloted to assess its value and collect user feedback.

SourcebioRxiv and medRxiv Preprint Servers, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory·DateApr 20, 2023

Researchers reveal early results in sky-brightness measurements in Antarctica

The researchers used the Near-Infrared Sky Brightness Monitor (NISBM) to collect data on sky brightness in Antarctica. The results show that the background intensity of the sky is not influenced by the Sun at a specific inflection point, and the NISBM detected significantly lower brightness in the Ks band compared to other locations.

SourceUniversity of Science and Technology of China·JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society·DateApr 20, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Polar ice sheet melting records have toppled during the past decade

The seven worst years for polar ice sheet melting and losing ice have occurred during the past decade, with 2019 being the worst year on record. Global heating is driving up sea levels and coastal flooding around the world, with melting ice sheets accounting for a quarter of all sea level rise.

SourceNorthumbria University·JournalEarth System Science Data·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateApr 20, 2023

From pathogens to fads: Interacting contagions

A workshop at the Santa Fe Institute explores the complex interplay of contagions, including infectious diseases, social phenomena, and online behavior. Researchers aim to develop new tools to study interactions between different types of contagion.

SourceSanta Fe Institute·DateApr 20, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

HKUMed established the first human respiratory organoid culture system and unveils a novel mechanism for the high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

A research team created the first human respiratory organoid culture system, enabling scientists to study COVID-19 and its variants. The study found that the BA.5 Omicron variant exhibits dramatically increased infectivity and replicative capacity in human nasal and airway organoids.

SourceThe University of Hong Kong·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 20, 2023

IU cancer researchers identify new target for breast cancer therapy

Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have identified a new target for breast cancer treatment, the gene TONSL, which can make breast cells proliferate indefinitely. The study found that TONSL is amplified in about 20% of breast cancers and more than 30% of metastatic breast cancers.

SourceIndiana University School of Medicine·JournalCancer Research·DateApr 20, 2023

Surgery most effective treatment of metabolic liver disease

A new study published in The Lancet shows that metabolic surgery is more effective than medications and lifestyle interventions in treating advanced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The trial compared three active treatments and found that surgery reversed inflammation and improved liver fibrosis, leading to better overall health ben...

SourceKing's College London·JournalThe Lancet·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateApr 20, 2023

Sino-Brazilian study proves compatibility of two fundamental principles of quantum theory

A Brazilian-Chinese research team has demonstrated the coexistence of non-locality and contextuality in a quantum system. The study paves the way for new quantum information processing and communication protocols by reconciling two fundamental principles of quantum theory that were thought to be mutually exclusive.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateApr 20, 2023