Researchers identified potential novel receptors for SARS-CoV-2 that utilize multiple receptors to facilitate its life cycle. The study reveals a strong correlation between tissue age-dependency and SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced receptor expression, with older adults being more susceptible to severe outcomes.
A study published in JCI Insight found that pregnant women display robust immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, comparable to those of non-pregnant women. Key differences were observed in the dynamics of innate immune cells at the first line of defense towards viral infections.
Recent advances in catalytic methane oxidation via thermocatalysis and photocatalysis demonstrate promising results for environmental remediation. The development of efficient catalysts, improved reactor designs, and fundamental studies on surface chemistry are key findings.
Researchers at Mass General Cancer Center presented recent breakthroughs in cancer treatment, including a new mutant-selective drug that targets PI3Kα inhibitors, and innovations in whole-genome sequencing and imaging-based evaluation of cancer dependencies. These findings aim to improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy and personali...
A Yale study found that Omicron variants suppress MHC activity, making it harder for T cells to target them. This reduced activity may contribute to breakthrough infections and inform potential vaccine strategies.
This systematic review found associations between evictions and adverse birth outcomes, with childhood exposure linked to neurodevelopment harms. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing rental housing affordability crises and ongoing racial disparities in evictions.
Hokkaido University researchers evaluate a material used to build model arteries, finding it suitable for medical education and surgical practice. The study also highlights the potential for improved assessment of 3D printing technology in creating highly accurate models of individual patient's artery structure.
Scientists capture unprecedented view of sandgrouse feathers using high-resolution microscopes and 3D technology, revealing their singular architecture that allows them to hold up to 15% of their body weight in water. The findings could lead to new bio-inspired creations for controlled absorption and secure retention of liquids.
A study by Carnegie Mellon researchers found that about 10% of US pipeline compressor stations are electric, making them vulnerable to electric outages. Electric outages could force a loss greater than 2 gigawatts of downstream gas generators, causing significant reductions in available gas.
Researchers at UAB and UOC found a correlation between conspiracy theory beliefs and populist attitudes in Spain. Exposure to conspiracy theories promotes Manichaeism, viewing society as split between good and evil, which contributes to rising polarization and support for anti-establishment parties.
Researchers have identified α5-GABAARs on interneurons as key receptors regulating memory formation in the hippocampus. Selectively knocking out these receptors from interneurons impaired spatial memory, while leaving pyramidal neurons unaffected.
A new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found a link between opioid prescribing patterns and suicide risk. The researchers analyzed data from 2009-2017 and discovered that regions with the greatest decrease in opioid prescriptions also experienced the greatest decline in suicide deaths. This suggests that policies a...
Researchers have created a new device that harnesses the power of reversible doping to create high-performance photodiodes. By exploiting ionic charge imbalance in perovskite layers, they can selectively dope nearby 2D materials, enabling switchable polarities and efficient carrier extraction.
Scientists discovered that male yellow crazy ants have maternal and paternal genomes in different cells, making them chimeras. This unique phenomenon occurs within a single fertilized egg, contradicting the fundamental law of biological inheritance where all cells should contain the same genome.
A study published in Radiology found that digital breast tomosynthesis improved breast cancer screening performance and increased radiologists' interpretive accuracy compared to digital mammography. The results showed higher detection rates, sensitivity, and specificity for DBT, with 97.6% of assessed radiologists meeting recommended p...
Scientists have created a novel method to fabricate miniature optical fibers (MNFs) with high precision and minimal loss. The technique utilizes plasmonic heaters embedded in metal plates to heat the fibers, eliminating the need for bulky components like translation stages or flame burners.
A study found that mutant strains of Salmonella cause more severe infections in commercial poultry than wild-type bacteria. The deletion of genes ttrA and pduA led to increased immune response and pathogenicity, emphasizing the importance of animal health measures and proper food conservation.
A new study found that over 85% of Canadian products tested contained chlorinated paraffins, a known human carcinogen. The substances were detected in headphones, plastic toys, clothing, personal care products, and indoor paints.
The increasing adoption of electric vehicles will significantly raise the global demand for battery-grade critical metals, leading to supply chain disruptions. By mid-century, the need for lithium could more than double, while nickel demand is expected to eclipse other critical metals.
Two investigational drugs targeting the renin-angiotensin system were found ineffective in treating severe COVID-19. The study suggests that increasing levels of ANG II may contribute to lung damage and inflammation, but this theory was not supported by the trial results.
A recent study has clarified the high-pressure structure of 2D ferromagnet CrSiTe3, revealing a phase transition to the R3 phase with enhanced Curie temperature. This finding was achieved through combining Raman spectra and first-principles calculations.
Researchers propose using cellulose nano crystals to prevent mosquito bites by creating a chemical barrier that hides human skin's volatile organic compounds. The treatment, applied as a gel, significantly reduced feeding from Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in trials.
A team of scientists, led by University of South Florida professor Matthew Pasek, discovered a new phosphorus material in a fulgurite created by a lightning strike. The material is transitional between space minerals and those found on Earth, and its formation could have implications for our understanding of high-energy events.
Researchers propose using agro-sequestration to capture carbon from the air by growing biomass crops and burying them in engineered dry biolandfills. The addition of salt helps prevent decomposition, allowing for stable sequestration of up to 2 tonnes of carbon dioxide per tonne of biomass.
A WSU study found that positive gossip about job-related behavior increased willingness to give a raise, while negative gossip had the opposite effect. Context-specific gossip was more influential than random gossip, suggesting that people use gossip to compete for valuable resources.
A new study reconstructs the history of floods in KZN since 1840s, confirming that the April 2022 floods were likely the most catastrophic natural disaster ever recorded. The floods had a significant impact on lives lost, homes and infrastructure damaged or destroyed, and economic loss.
Researchers from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope collaboration have created a groundbreaking new image that reveals the most detailed map of dark matter distributed across a quarter of the entire sky. The study confirms Einstein's theory of how massive structures grow and bend light, supporting the standard model of cosmology.
Research explores how hyaluronic acid's molecular weight affects the joint lubricant in osteoarthritis. The study found that low molecular weight hyaluronic acid hinders the formation of an amorphous film, leading to increased wear on the cartilage surface.
Researchers found Tai Chi Chuan improved global cognition and physical markers in individuals with Type 2 diabetes and mild cognitive impairment. After 36 weeks, the Tai Chi Chuan group showed a significant average improvement of 3.29 points on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score compared to the baseline.
Researchers found that players' brains respond differently to human and machine opponents, with desynchronization indicating active calculations. The study suggests that training with machines may not replicate the experience of playing against humans.
A brain-inspired intelligent robotic system is constructed to deal with current limitations, introducing core neural mechanisms and corresponding algorithms. The simulation platform integrates brain-inspired algorithms in vision, decision-making, and movement control, providing efficient tools for researchers.
A Rutgers study finds that individuals who avoid COVID-19 precautions are more likely to buy firearms, especially those with liberal or moderate political views. These groups also tend to trust less scientific information and have concerns about physical attacks, leading them to prioritize firearm ownership as a means of self-protection.
During the pandemic, children's recreational screen time significantly increased on weekdays compared to weekends. Once schools reopened, weekday screen time decreased but remained higher than pre-pandemic estimates.
A new study found that the Medicaid 'cliff' - an abrupt end to supplemental insurance above federal poverty threshold - disproportionately affects Black and Hispanic older adults. This results in reduced healthcare use, including fewer doctor visits and prescribed medications, exacerbating existing health disparities.
Researchers have discovered a non-invasive way to isolate tumor-reactive lymphocytes from blood, opening up new treatment options for cancer patients. This breakthrough could potentially bypass radiation therapies and harsh chemotherapy drugs, making it a more viable option for hospitals.
Scientists have created a new method to model liver cancer tumor subtypes using CRISPR-Cas9, discovering that specific gene isoforms can lead to different cancer subtypes. This platform could help researchers develop new therapeutic interventions for treating cancer and other diseases.
Researchers from Washington University in St. Louis suggest that ancient humans may have chosen certain wild plants for domestication based on their ability to be easily 'tamed'. Plants with high plasticity, or the capacity to respond to environmental changes, can produce more yields and easier-to-sprout seeds.
Researchers have developed a glycine-based tripeptide that successfully treats nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-human primates and mice. The compound, DT-109, reverses fat buildup and prevents scarring by stimulating fatty acid degradation and antioxidant formation.
A study suggests that artificial light at night disrupts the winter dormancy period of mosquitoes, causing them to bite humans and animals longer into the fall. This delay in diapause may increase the risk of West Nile virus transmission.
Researchers have developed a way to quickly detect and assess glacial valley landslides in coastal Alaska, which can trigger dangerous local tsunamis. They use seismic data to pinpoint landslide events and estimate their volume, aiming to develop an operational detection tool for tsunami centers.
Scientists have created the first 2D map of wind patterns around a neutron star, revealing clues to galaxy formation. The map shows the wind's vertical structure and velocity, which is about 1 million miles per hour, and offers new insights into the influence of disk winds on galaxy evolution.
A new 'enhanced primary care' model has been found to be effective in reducing blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c levels among patients with severe mental illness. The study, conducted at UNC WakeBrook, showed significant improvements in screening for people with severe mental illness compared to usual primary care.
Researchers discovered an Asian elephant named Pang Pha's exceptional banana-peeling ability, which suggests that elephants have impressive cognitive and manipulative skills. The study found that Pha learned to peel bananas through observational learning from humans, challenging the idea that such complex behaviors are unique to humans.
Researchers from Japan found that cold imagery can positively influence consumer behavior and perception about a product, increasing perceived ambiguity and newness. This study suggests using background images related to coldness in advertisements may be an effective way for marketers to communicate product newness without altering the...
Scientists have created a synthetic dimension in fiber optics to investigate complex phenomena in solid-state physics. They observed permanent Bloch oscillations, a phenomenon thought to disappear in dissipative systems, due to the formation of a cavity soliton with intrinsic nonlinear properties.
A survey study of 9,400 adults found that those with post-COVID-19 condition were more likely to forgo needed healthcare due to cost and access challenges. The study suggests developing clinical protocols and addressing insurance-related barriers can improve healthcare access for these individuals
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) honored journalists who reported on complex cancer topics, including tumor sequencing technology and COVID-19's impact on patient care. The prize recipients will receive a $5,000 cash award and be recognized at the AACR Annual Meeting.
An interdisciplinary team of researchers at the University of Oklahoma advocates for integrating biogeography and behavioral ecology to develop a more comprehensive understanding of how to leverage existing biodiversity knowledge into predictive frameworks for addressing biodiversity loss. The authors argue that combining these two fie...
A new open-source database of Indian Ocean and Asia slaving voyages will be created by Jane Hooper and colleagues. The database, part of the SlaveVoyages website, aims to emphasize the global nature of the transoceanic slave trade.
A recent study determined that the magnitude of a February 2023 Turkish earthquake is the largest ever recorded in its history. The researchers used a novel method to measure the event's moment magnitude, which yielded results higher than previously reported ones.
KIST developed an annealing activated carbon that improves the removal of nitrogen-containing odorous compounds by up to 38 times. The new material uses a multidentate adsorption mechanism to enhance adsorption efficiency.
A new study found that teachers who struggle to cope with stress report far lower job satisfaction compared to those who manage their pressure effectively. The research highlights the importance of identifying and adopting healthy coping mechanisms to prevent teacher burnout, which contributes to many teachers leaving the profession.
Researchers developed view interpolation networks to reproduce material appearances of specular objects using images from intermediate viewpoints of four cameras on a sphere. The networks outperformed traditional methods, but future studies are needed to address complex materials and increased degrees of freedom.
The new guidelines, developed by 22 experts across three continents, provide a comprehensive approach to diagnosing and treating catatonia. The recommendations include the use of benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy, with attention to special requirements for certain groups.
A recent study found large groups of fungi that don't form fruiting bodies and can't be grown in labs, highlighting their ecological importance. The authors suggest modifying nomenclature rules to describe these 'dark fungi', which could prove to be the dominant lifestyle in the fungal kingdom.
Indiana University researchers and collaborators have completed a six-year experiment to study the fundamental properties of neutrinos. They observed nearly 10^26 atoms over six years, pushing the boundaries of detection for this rare phenomenon.
Researchers found that Luna moth tails are primarily used for bat evasion, but also make the insects conspicuous to birds and other predators. The study suggests that the tails' role in predation may have co-opted their function in attracting mates.
Researchers studied 407 infants born to mothers with mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 at any point during pregnancy and found they developed similarly to those without COVID. The study used a novel method to observe babies remotely, adapting a developmental assessment tool for COVID-safe evaluation.
A recent MIT study finds that shutting down nuclear power could significantly increase air pollution, with up to 5,200 premature deaths estimated. The study reveals that fossil fuel sources would fill the gap, leading to increased health risks, especially for Black or African American communities.
Researchers at the University of São Paulo used artificial intelligence and Twitter to develop a database and models that can detect depression and anxiety before clinical diagnosis. The study found that BERT performed best in predicting depression and anxiety, with a statistically significant difference from LogReg.