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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 335


Page 335 of 444

CNIO researchers help to understand the functioning of the protein that makes DNA loops in the human genome

Researchers at the CNIO have elucidated a key point about how cohesin attaches to DNA and forms loops. The study suggests that NIPBL is not necessary for cohesin to bind to DNA, but only for it to move and form DNA loops. This finding may be important in understanding Cornelia de Lange syndrome.

SourceCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO)·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

Fermented coffee’s fruity aromas demystified

Researchers at Zurich University of Applied Sciences identified six compounds contributing to fermented coffee's unique flavor, including 2-methylpropanal, 3-methylbutanal, and ethyl 3-methylbutanoate. The study aims to standardize production methods and increase availability of this distinctive beverage.

SourceAmerican Chemical Society·DateMar 29, 2023

Autumn stopover hotspots and multiscale habitat associations of migratory landbirds in the eastern United States

Researchers mapped seasonal bird densities across the eastern United States using weather radar stations to identify stopover hotspots. The study found that high-density migrant areas were consistently associated with forest cover and decreased with pasture and cultivated crops.

SourceUniversity of Delaware·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution researchers partner with zoological facilities to find new ways to study heart rate, respiration in wild animal populations

Researchers used thermal video and image analysis to measure heart and respiration rates in exotic wildlife species in controlled settings. The study validated the accuracy of this technology for future use in wild populations, especially threatened species.

SourceWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution·JournalBMC Biology·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023

Excess death gap widens between US and Europe

A new analysis shows that the US has substantially higher death rates at all but the oldest ages compared to five high-income European countries. The excess death gap widened during the Covid-19 pandemic, with the number of excess deaths nearly doubling between 2019 and 2021.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023

Three newly discovered sea worms that glow in the dark named after creatures from Japanese folklore and marine biologist

Researchers at Nagoya University discovered three new species of bioluminescent polycirrus worms emitting blue-violet light, with names inspired by yokai from Japanese folklore. The findings aim to deepen understanding of bioluminescence mechanisms and potentially lead to new life sciences technologies.

SourceNagoya University·JournalRoyal Society Open Science·DateMar 29, 2023
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

JMIR Medical Education | How does ChatGPT perform on the USMLE?

The study found ChatGPT's performance on the USMLE was comparable to a third-year medical student in terms of medical knowledge assessment. ChatGPT outperformed other models due to its dialogic component, providing coherent and justifiable responses. This may create an interactive learning environment for students.

SourceJMIR Publications·JournalJMIR Medical Education·DateMar 29, 2023

Study shows human brain can assist with computational ghost imaging

Researchers successfully connected human brain to computer for simple computational imaging tasks, using ghost imaging to reconstruct images of an object behind a wall. The use of real-time feedback from the visual cortex improved both imaging speed and image quality.

SourceIntelligent Computing·JournalIntelligent Computing·DateMar 29, 2023

Facing floods, non-white homeowners prepare, protect property

A new Cornell University study finds that non-white homeowners are more likely to invest in costly flood protection measures than white homeowners. Homeowners with mortgages and those who own their homes outright take the fewest high-cost actions, while renters tend to take none at all.

SourceCornell University·JournalEnvironmental Sociology·DateMar 29, 2023

UH led study finds sulfate pollution impacts Texas gulf coast air

A study led by University of Houston researchers found that the Texas Gulf Coast is polluted with high concentrations of sulfate, a major component of particulate matter. The pollution originates from anthropogenic shipping emissions and chemical processing, making it particularly hazardous to human health.

SourceUniversity of Houston·JournalEnvironmental Science & Technology·DateMar 29, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Study elucidates at cellular level how regular exercise preserves physical fitness during aging

A study found that regular exercise increases mitochondrial fusion, benefiting muscle cells and maintaining physical fitness even in old age. Daily sessions of exercise throughout life delay the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria and decline in physical fitness.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateMar 29, 2023

Most of world’s salt marshes likely to be underwater by 2100, study concludes

A 50-year study on Great Sippewissett Marsh found that more than 90% of the world's salt marshes will be underwater by 2100 due to sea-level rise. Despite attempts to adapt, low-lying wetlands are unlikely to migrate landward, and human development may exacerbate the problem.

SourceMarine Biological Laboratory·JournalScience of The Total Environment·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

Heart attack study could change the game in regenerative medicine

Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys have identified a group of proteins called AJSZ that help solve a known problem in cellular reprogramming. By blocking the activity of these proteins, they were able to reduce scarring on the heart and induce a 50% improvement in overall heart function in mice that have undergone a heart attack.

SourceSanford Burnham Prebys·JournalNature Communications·DateMar 29, 2023

Surgical sealing made better with robust thermosensitive bioadhesives

Scientists developed an injectable biomaterial with improved adhesion, stretchability, and toughness, making it ideal for surgical wound sealing. The material showed superior adhesive strength, stability, and biocompatibility in physiological conditions.

SourceTerasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation·JournalCell Reports Physical Science·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Lab-made antibodies offer potential cure for yellow fever

Researchers have found lab-made antibodies that can strengthen the body's fight against yellow fever, a disease with no current treatment. The monoclonal antibody infusions were able to remove all signs of infection from research animals, offering potential hope for a cure.

SourceOregon Health & Science University·JournalScience Translational Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

Does immigration really increase crime?

Researchers led by Nicolas Ajzenman found that immigrants don't increase crime rates, but people's perception of crime does. In Chile, migrants' presence sparked concerns among citizens, with those exposed to immigration inflows more likely to rank crime as a top concern.

SourceMcGill University·JournalAmerican Economic Journal Applied Economics·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 29, 2023

Novel drug offers hope for heart failure patients

A novel drug, AF-130, has been shown to improve heart function and prevent sleep apnoea in heart failure patients. This breakthrough could lead to improved life expectancy and wellness for nearly 200,000 people in New Zealand affected by heart disease.

SourceUniversity of Auckland·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Bacterial injection system delivers proteins in mice and human cells

Researchers developed a programmable bacterial injection system that can deliver a range of proteins, including those for gene editing, to different cell types. The system has shown promising results in targeting cancer cells and delivering proteins to the brain in live mice without provoking an immune response.

SourceBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

Ancient giant amphibians swam like crocodiles 250 million years ago

A team of researchers from South Africa has discovered exceptional trace fossils that provide insight into the locomotion of ancient giant amphibians. The fossils, found on a rock surface once part of a tidal flat or lagoon, suggest these animals propelled themselves through water with continuous side-to-side tail motions.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023

Texas Port partners with UT scientists to store its greenhouse gas emissions

The University of Texas at Austin is helping the Port of Corpus Christi determine if it can permanently store greenhouse gas emissions from industrial operations beneath the seafloor of the Gulf of Mexico. The project aims to store carbon dioxide emissions in geological formations deep beneath the seafloor, reducing atmospheric emissions.

SourceUniversity of Texas at Austin·DateMar 29, 2023

Membrane discs as antitoxins

Researchers have developed nanodiscs based on the cell membranes of human red blood cells, which can effectively neutralize bacterial toxins. These nanodiscs, called RBC-NDs, are biocompatible and non-toxic, making them potentially useful as nanovaccines.

SourceWiley·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

The shape of your heart matters

Researchers from the Smidt Heart Institute found that individuals with spherical hearts are 31% more likely to develop atrial fibrillation and 24% more likely to develop cardiomyopathy. The study identified four genes associated with cardiomyopathy and a greater risk of developing atrial fibrillation.

SourceCedars-Sinai Medical Center·JournalMed·DateMar 29, 2023
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Researchers identify how steroids benefit severe COVID-19 patients

Researchers found that dexamethasone prevents cytokine storms in severe COVID-19 patients by inhibiting ion channels and reducing immune cell inflammation. This led to improved lung function and reduced mortality rates. The study's findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of steroid treatment in severe COVID-19.

SourceUniversity of Cincinnati·JournalFrontiers in Immunology·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

Australians paying $6 billion for unused apartment parking

A new study found that 20% of households have too little allocated parking and 13.4% of surveyed households do not own a car but are still allocated a parking space. Experts are calling for planning policy to 'unbundle' parking spaces from apartments to reduce housing costs and alleviate street parking woes.

SourceRMIT University·JournalJournal of Transport Geography·TypeSurvey·DateMar 29, 2023

Rainbow trout subspecies newly named

A new subspecies of rainbow trout, O. mykiss calisulat, has been identified after genetic analysis revealed its distinctiveness. This discovery is significant as it marks the first newly identified Pacific trout subspecies since 2008 and the youngest rainbow trout subspecies by more than 100 years.

SourceUniversity of California - Davis·JournalZootaxa·TypeMeta-analysis·DateMar 29, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

First successful simulations of how various shapes of galaxies are formed

The Energy Circulation Theory (ECT) simulates the formation of galaxies with different shapes, such as disc, spiral, and elliptical ones. The study demonstrates that various galactic distributions result from stellar seed releases and galactic seed interactions.

SourceWorld Scientific·JournalReports in Advances of Physical Sciences·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 29, 2023

Scientists discover hidden crab diversity among coral reefs

A new study reveals a surprising exception to the rule of uniformity across the Indo-West Pacific coral reef ecosystem. Chlorodielline crabs with overlapping ranges have uniquely shaped gonopods, but otherwise appear identical, suggesting genetic divergence in different geographic areas.

SourceFlorida Museum of Natural History·JournalMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution·DateMar 29, 2023

Senescence and extracellular vesicles: novel partners in vascular amyloidosis

Research by Whitehead et al. reveals that cellular senescence triggers amyloidosis through changes in small extracellular vesicles and extracellular matrix composition. The study provides novel insights into the formation of aortic medial amyloid and offers potential therapeutic targets for mitigating its effects.

SourceImpact Journals LLC·JournalAging-US·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateMar 29, 2023
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Stereotypes about senior employees lead to premature retirements

A new study by University of Copenhagen researchers found that stereotypes about senior employees influence their retirement decisions, leading to premature retirements. Senior employees often feel uncertain about their status and worry about being perceived as inflexible or unproductive.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen - Faculty of Humanities·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeCase study·DateMar 29, 2023

New algorithm keeps drones from colliding in midair

Researchers developed a robust multiagent trajectory-planner that enables drones to generate collision-free trajectories even with delayed communications. The system achieved a 100% success rate in simulations and flight experiments, guaranteeing safe group operations.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·DateMar 29, 2023

Coconuts and lemons enable a thermal wood for indoor heating and cooling

Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology developed a thermal wood composite using coconuts and lemons that can store both heat and cold. The material, which is transparent and energy-saving, can regulate temperatures around 24C, reducing energy consumption for heating and cooling.

SourceKTH, Royal Institute of Technology·JournalSmall·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023

Seer researchers find undiscovered links between lung cancer and multiple distinct protein variants via deep, unbiased proteomics analysis

Seer researchers identified four structurally distinct protein isoforms that were differentially expressed in non-small cell lung cancer patients. These findings suggest that these protein isoforms may play a role in NSCLC disease pathogenesis, potentially leading to the development of new diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets.

SourceConsort Partners·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

Bridging the Gap: addressing medical and social needs improves diabetes care and outcomes

A new initiative has shown that holistic, team-based care that bridges clinic treatment to community resources can improve diabetes care and management. Healthcare organizations partnering with community groups to address social factors such as food insecurity also shows promise in empowering patients to better manage their own symptoms.

SourceUniversity of Chicago Medical Center·JournalJournal of General Internal Medicine·DateMar 29, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

How cosmic winds transform galactic environments

Researchers modeled how elements move across star-forming regions, finding that galactic winds influence temperature and metal distribution. The study's findings suggest a non-spherical wind pattern, contrary to previous spherical models.

SourceOhio State University·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023

Deep ocean currents around Antarctica headed for collapse, study finds

A new study predicts that Antarctic deep ocean currents will slow by over 40% in the next 30 years and may collapse, with significant impacts on climate and marine ecosystems. The decline of this circulation could stagnate the bottom of the oceans and trap nutrients, affecting marine life for centuries to come.

SourceUniversity of New South Wales·JournalNature·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 29, 2023

Scientists share ‘comprehensive’ map of volcanoes on Venus — all 85,000 of them

Researchers Paul Byrne and Rebecca Hahn have compiled a global catalog of 85,000 volcanoes on Venus, providing the most comprehensive understanding of the planet's volcanic properties. The dataset includes detailed analyses of volcano distribution, size, and clustering, which will aid in locating future active lava flows.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalJournal of Geophysical Research Planets·TypeImaging analysis·DateMar 29, 2023

Can AI predict how you'll vote in the next election?

A recent study from Brigham Young University proves that artificial intelligence can respond to complex survey questions just like a real human. The researchers found high correspondence between how AI and humans voted in 2012, 2016, and 2020 U.S. presidential elections.

SourceBrigham Young University·JournalPolitical Analysis·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

FDA-approved drug shows promise in lab models for blinding childhood disease

A team from the National Eye Institute identified Reserpine as a compound that keeps light-sensitive photoreceptors alive in three models of Leber congenital amaurosis type 10, an inherited retinal ciliopathy disease. The study suggests a potential treatment strategy for addressing retinal ciliopathies caused by multiple genes.

SourceNIH/National Eye Institute·JournaleLife·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

CSU machine learning model helps forecasters improve confidence in storm prediction

A machine learning model developed by Colorado State University researchers has been tested with forecasters at the Storm Prediction Center to improve medium-range severe weather forecasts. The tool provides a probabilistic measure of hazardous weather events, such as tornadoes and hail, four to eight days in advance.

SourceColorado State University·JournalWeather and Forecasting·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 29, 2023

Dissecting the circadian clock in real time

Researchers at UC San Diego and UC Merced developed a high-throughput method to study the circadian clock in real time, shedding light on its internal functions. The study found that kinases play a crucial role in relaying the circadian rhythm from the core oscillator to gene expression.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

Exercise may reduce negative effects of unhealthy sleep duration on longevity

A recent study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that regular physical activity can help offset the detrimental effects of inadequate or excessive sleep on mortality risk. The research included over 90,000 adults and used accelerometry to track physical activity and sleep duration.

SourceEuropean Society of Cardiology·JournalEuropean Journal of Preventive Cardiology·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Pathogenic genetic variations boost the risk of H. pylori-related stomach cancer

A large case-control study identified nine genes associated with stomach cancer risk and found that pathogenic genetic variations exacerbate the damage caused by H. pylori infection, significantly increasing the risk of gastric cancer. The study suggests that screening for pathogenic variants can help prioritize interventions.

SourceRIKEN·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

Research Brief: Study finds evidence of resistance to COVID-19 drugs

A study published in Science Advances reveals that viral SARS-CoV-2 variants are developing resistance to protease inhibitors, including Paxlovid. Researchers warn that this could undermine the effectiveness of antiviral treatments and highlight the need for next-generation compounds with different resistance profiles.

SourceUniversity of Minnesota Medical School·JournalScience Advances·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023

Association between acute alcohol use, firearm-involved suicide

A study found that as alcohol consumption increased, the probability of a firearm-involved suicide also rose until a certain blood alcohol concentration was reached. Interventions focusing on heavy alcohol use may help reduce suicide mortality rates, particularly those involving firearms.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateMar 29, 2023

How the gut creates a cozy home for beneficial microbiome species

Fruit fly gut remodels itself to accommodate beneficial microbiome species, maintaining long-term stability of the gut environment. The research team identified physical conditions and substances that facilitate colonization by desirable species.

SourceCarnegie Institution for Science·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023

New chip design to provide greatest precision in memory to date

Researchers at USC have developed a new type of chip with the best memory of any chip thus far for edge AI. The chip uses metal oxide memristors to store information in a compact and stable way, eliminating the von Neumann bottleneck in current computing systems.

SourceUniversity of Southern California·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 29, 2023
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Ancient magma reveals signs of life

Researchers at Heidelberg University developed new methods to detect biogenic carbon in zircon minerals, which can preserve traces of life hundreds of millions of years old. The study's findings open up new possibilities for research into the Earth's early period, where fossils and sediments are scarce.

SourceHeidelberg University·JournalGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta·TypeObservational study·DateMar 29, 2023

What can we do about all the plastic waste?

Scientists at US national laboratories are developing new chemical recycling methods to make sustainable, high-quality plastic materials. They aim to transform plastic waste into valuable chemicals and reduce plastic pollution, paving the way for a circular economy.

SourceDOE/Argonne National Laboratory·JournalNature Catalysis·DateMar 29, 2023