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Science News Archive 2023 - Page 334


Page 334 of 444

Breaking the barrier: Low-temp ammonia synthesis with iron catalysts and barium hydride

Scientists have developed a new catalyst that enables the production of ammonia at lower temperatures, reducing energy consumption and potentially lowering global carbon emissions. The BaH2–BaO/Fe/CaH2 catalyst facilitates nitrogen gas adsorption, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity for ammonia production.

SourceTokyo Institute of Technology·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

New nanoparticles can perform gene-editing in the lungs

Researchers have developed a new type of nanoparticle that can efficiently deliver CRISPR/Cas9 components to the lungs, allowing for targeted gene editing. In mice studies, the particles delivered mRNA to up to 60% of lung epithelial cells, offering a promising approach to treating genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalNature Biotechnology·DateMar 30, 2023

DGIST Professor Minseok Kim’s team develops an electronic medicine technology that restores abnormal protein behavior, the cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT)

The research team developed a technology that can restore normal peripheral myelin protein 22 distribution in CMT1A cells using electric stimulation, which eliminates protein aggregation and induces myelination. This technology has potential for the development of an electronic medicine with minimal side effects.

SourceDGIST (Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology)·JournalBiosensors and Bioelectronics·DateMar 30, 2023
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Increasing availability of non-alcoholic drinks may reduce amount of alcohol purchased online

A recent study published in PLOS Medicine found that increasing the proportion of non-alcoholic drinks on sale in online supermarkets can lead to a reduction in the amount of alcohol purchased. Participants who were exposed to more non-alcoholic drinks selected and purchased fewer units of alcohol compared to those with lower proportions.

SourceUniversity of Cambridge·JournalPLOS Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

Predatory dinosaurs such as T. rex sported lizard-like lips

Researchers discovered that theropod dinosaurs, including T. rex and Velociraptor, had scaly lips similar to those of lizards, contradicting popular depictions. The study found that dinosaur teeth were not unusually large and were comparable in size to modern lizard teeth when adjusted for skull size.

SourceUniversity of Portsmouth·JournalScience·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 30, 2023

A bright spot in the treatment of lateral disc meniscus injuries in for youth

Researchers found that preserving the meniscus with sutures is more effective in protecting cartilage from future damage in younger patients. Meniscectomies, which remove more than half of the meniscus, were more likely to progress cartilage degeneration.

SourceOsaka Metropolitan University·JournalArchives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery·TypeObservational study·DateMar 30, 2023

Allies or enemies of cancer: the dual fate of neutrophils

Researchers found that neutrophils can be pro- or anti-tumour depending on their surface markers, and those fighting tumours share cytotoxic power with neutrophils in bacterial infections. Blocking these anti-tumour neutrophils eliminates treatment benefits.

SourceUniversité de Genève·JournalCell·TypeNews article·DateMar 30, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Watch nanoparticles grow into crystals

For the first time, scientists have observed nanoparticles forming crystals with unprecedented clarity. The study used optimized liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy to capture the self-assembly process of thousands of nanoparticles. This breakthrough could lead to designing new materials for electronic applications.

SourceNorthwestern University·JournalNature Nanotechnology·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

Professor Jong-Sung Yu’s team at DGIST develops a method for carbon support synthesis with higher stability and durability of fuel cell catalysts

Professor Jong-Sung Yu's team developed a low-temperature method to synthesize highly graphitized carbon supports, increasing the lifespan of hydrogen fuel-cells. The new method introduces high graphiticity at relatively low temperatures, enhancing fuel-cell performance.

SourceDGIST (Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology)·JournalApplied Catalysis·DateMar 30, 2023

Recycling of batteries: 70% of lithium recovered

A new mechanochemical recycling method recovers up to 70 percent of lithium from battery waste, making it inexpensive, energy-efficient, and environmentally compatible. The method uses aluminum as a reducing agent and can be applied to various cathode materials.

SourceKarlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)·JournalCommunications Chemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

To protect kids online, researchers call for cross-disciplinary collaboration

A team of researchers emphasizes the need for science-backed policies that consider children's developmental vulnerabilities in the digital world. They propose a multidisciplinary approach to develop regulations that address timely questions about digital platforms and their impact on children.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania·JournalScience·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateMar 30, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Thread-like pumps can be woven into clothes

Researchers at EPFL have developed a novel solution for wearable assistive technologies by creating fiber-like pumps that can generate high pressure and flow rate. These pumps can be integrated directly into clothing, allowing for silent, vibration-free operation and requiring only a palm-sized power supply.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

The Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), together with several other units in China and other countries, summarizes important research in the field of ecology related to the current status and future trends of

The article summarizes current status and future trends of forest understory vegetation biodiversity, regeneration, biomass, nutrient content, and interactions with overstory trees. It proposes focusing on understory-Canopy tree interactions and plant-soil mechanisms driven by climate or environmental factors.

SourceMaximum Academic Press·JournalForestry Research·DateMar 30, 2023

Youth value eyesight but face key barriers to getting eyeglasses

A recent study found that nearly 64% of US youth experience eye problems and need glasses, but over half are deterred by appearance concerns. Researchers suggest making stylish, affordable glasses for young people to improve access to eyewear.

SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalOptometry and Vision Science·DateMar 30, 2023
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Host matters aggregation and electroluminescence

Researchers have developed a new host material that enhances the efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by reducing concentration quenching and increasing thermally activated delayed fluorescence. This breakthrough could lead to improved displays, lighting, and medical treatments.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers of Optoelectronics·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

AI predicts enzyme function better than leading tools

A new AI tool, CLEAN, can predict enzyme functions based on amino acid sequences, outperforming leading state-of-the-art tools in accuracy and reliability. The tool was developed using contrastive learning and verified experimentally with both computational and in vitro experiments.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau·JournalScience·DateMar 30, 2023
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Researchers reveal real-time glimpse into growth habits of nanoparticles

A team of researchers has observed nanoparticles self-assembling and crystalizing into solid materials in real time, revealing the growth process at nanometer resolution. The findings have implications for designing new materials, including thin films for electronic applications.

SourceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, News Bureau·JournalNature Nanotechnology·TypeObservational study·DateMar 30, 2023

Rice U.’s Todd Treangen wins NSF CAREER Award

Rice University's assistant professor of computer science, Todd Treangen, has been awarded a $599,943 National Science Foundation CAREER Award to develop a comprehensive computational platform for detecting yet-unseen microbial pathogens. The project aims to characterize previously unseen pathogens that could pose a risk to humans.

SourceRice University·DateMar 30, 2023

Moiré superlattices show superpower in photonics and optoelectronics

Researchers have presented an overview of recent progress in moiré photonics and optoelectronics, highlighting the emergence of novel quantum phenomena and their potential applications. Moiré superlattices introduce a new paradigm for engineering band structures and exotic quantum states.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalScience·DateMar 30, 2023

Form is (mal)function: Protein’s shape lets bacteria disarm it

Researchers have discovered that Shigella bacteria can infect humans but not mice due to differences in the shape of a key protein, gasdermin-B. The protein has six different forms, and some isoforms cause cell death while others do not, explaining why Shigella is unable to infect mice.

SourceUniversity of Connecticut·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

A key mechanism that controls human heart development discovered

A specialized mRNA translation circuit controlled by protein RBPMS determines the competence for heart formation in human embryonic development. The study provides a better understanding of human cardiac development and reveals potential molecular targets for therapeutic interventions.

SourceUniversity of Cologne·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

Exploiting dark autoionizing states for enhancing the extreme ultraviolet laser power

Researchers develop unique method to enhance extreme ultraviolet laser power by exploiting dark-autoionizing states, increasing conversion efficiency by over ten times. This breakthrough enables studying ultrafast dynamics of dark autoionizing states at the femtosecond timescale, with potential applications in quantum technologies.

SourceInstitut national de la recherche scientifique - INRS·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateMar 30, 2023

Global breakthrough: Plants emit sounds!

Researchers at Tel Aviv University recorded and analyzed plant sounds emitted under stress, identifying specific identifiable sounds. The study suggests that plants may communicate with other plants and animals through these sounds.

SourceTel-Aviv University·JournalCell·DateMar 30, 2023

ATS publishes official statement on race, ethnicity and pulmonary function test interpretation

The American Thoracic Society has issued a statement recommending the elimination of race and ethnicity in the interpretation of pulmonary function test (PFT) results. The new approach uses an average reference equation, which shows superiority over race-specific equations for assessing overall prognosis and impact of tobacco smoke exp...

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·JournalAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·TypeLiterature review·DateMar 30, 2023

Structure of 'oil-eating' enzyme opens door to bioengineered catalysts

Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have produced the first atomic-level structure of an enzyme that selectively breaks carbon-hydrogen bonds, suggesting ways to engineer it for producing desired products. The detailed structure reveals how the enzyme operates under ordinary conditions and produces few unwanted byproducts.

SourceDOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory·JournalNature Structural & Molecular Biology·DateMar 30, 2023
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Scientists of the University of Malaga found the origin of congenital coronary fistulae

Scientists have discovered the origin of congenital coronary fistulae, a condition where abnormal connections form between blood vessels and heart chambers. This study may help improve early diagnosis and treatment of this condition, which affects up to 0.2% of patients undergoing medical examination.

SourceUniversity of Malaga·JournalExperimental & Molecular Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

Machine learning models rank predictive risks for Alzheimer’s disease

A recent study found that genetic risk scores are more predictive of Alzheimer's disease in adults over 65 than age. The study used machine learning models to rank risk factors, including household income, which emerged as an important risk factor. The findings suggest considering genetic information when working on Alzheimer's disease.

SourceOhio State University·JournalScientific Reports·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateMar 30, 2023

Removing cancer-causing heavy metals from wastewater with photocatalysts

Researchers have developed an effective method to remove toxic hexavalent chromium from wastewater using photocatalytic technology. The new approach utilizes hourglass-type phosphomolybdate-based crystalline photocatalysts, which show a wide light absorption ability and band structure necessary to reduce heavy metal ions.

SourceTsinghua University Press·JournalPolyoxometalates·DateMar 30, 2023
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

New Intermountain, Stanford study finds excess harm from commonly overprescribed antibiotics for patients resulting in widespread side effects

A new study by Intermountain Healthcare and Stanford University found that overprescribing antibiotics for upper respiratory infections causes significant patient harm. Researchers analyzed 51 million patient encounters and found that one in 300 patients experienced severe side effects, such as diarrhea or candidiasis, after receiving ...

SourceIntermountain Healthcare·JournalJournal of Internal Medicine·TypeMeta-analysis·DateMar 30, 2023

The brightest explosion ever seen

The detection of GRB 221009A marks the most energetic gamma-ray burst ever observed, with a luminosity surpassing that of entire galaxies and hundreds of billions of stars. The event was followed up by space-based telescopes, including the James Webb Space Telescope, which provided insight into its properties.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen - Faculty of Science·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal Letters·DateMar 30, 2023

Boosting the body’s anti-viral immune response may eliminate aging cells

Researchers found that a specific type of immune cell can detect and eliminate senescent cells in the skin by targeting human cytomegalovirus antigens. This discovery suggests a potential therapeutic approach to eliminate aging cells, which could have applications in cancer, fibrosis, and degenerative diseases.

SourceMassachusetts General Hospital·JournalCell·DateMar 30, 2023
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Earth’s anisotropic inner core structure driven by dipole geomagnetic field: Study

A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals that Earth's anisotropic inner core structure is driven by the dipole geomagnetic field. The researchers found that hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) Fe-H alloy exhibited both seismic anisotropy and H-ion diffusion anisotropy under high pressure-temperature conditions.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalNature Communications·DateMar 30, 2023

Interviews with icons yield lessons on productivity in ‘Wisdom Years’

A study explores how people remain productive and find meaning in later life, revealing key lessons from experts like John Cook, Judy Woodruff, and Chris Labenz. The research highlights the importance of following one's passion and not retreating to a conventional retirement lifestyle.

SourceUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln·JournalEducational Psychology Review·DateMar 30, 2023

BU researchers solve the cell structure responsible for traveler’s diarrhea

Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine have found that ETEC pili are fine-tuned for their preferred microenvironment, allowing the bacteria to cause disease. By understanding how pili work, scientists may develop new therapeutics that target only disease-causing bacteria, leaving beneficial microbes intact.

SourceBoston University School of Medicine·JournalStructure·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Trust hardly makes us careless and complacent in crisis situations

A new study highlights the importance of mutual trust between citizens and authorities in crisis situations. Data from the COVID-19 pandemic confirms that trust in fellow citizens is unlikely to reduce compliance with restrictions.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen·JournalBritish Journal of Social Psychology·TypeObservational study·DateMar 30, 2023

New, exhaustive study probes hidden history of horses in the American West

A team of international researchers has uncovered a more complex history of early horses in North America, suggesting they may have spread faster and earlier than previously thought. The study, published in Science, used archaeozoology, DNA sequencing, and Indigenous oral traditions to find that Native American communities were likely ...

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·JournalScience·DateMar 30, 2023

Toward tasty tomato: recovering the lost STP1 variant in modern tomato to improve soluble solid in fruit

A genome-wide association study identified a new quantitative trait locus, STP1, encoding a Sugar Transporter Protein that alters soluble solid content. Knockout of STP1 led to decreased SSC in fruits, highlighting ZAT10-LIKE transcription factor's role in regulating sugar transporters.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·DateMar 30, 2023

*Free* Theropod dinosaur teeth were hidden behind thin “lips”

A new study reveals that theropod dinosaurs had their large teeth completely covered by thin, scaly 'lips' when their mouths were closed. This finding challenges long-held depictions of these iconic predators and could have significant implications for our understanding of dinosaur dental anatomy and biomechanics.

SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateMar 30, 2023

Sialic acids: the key to protection against eye allergies

Researchers from Juntendo University found that sialylated mucins secreted by conjunctival goblet cells encapsulate allergens, protecting the eye from allergic conjunctivitis. Mice with intact St6galnac1 gene showed reduced antigen response and better protection against allergies.

SourceJuntendo University Research Promotion Center·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Study reveals that bats experience hearing loss in old age

Researchers found that bats lose their hearing in old age due to exposure to high noise levels in their colonies. The study suggests that bats may have evolved adaptations to cope with these noisy environments, which could provide insights into human age-related hearing loss.

SourceRockefeller University Press·JournalLife Science Alliance·TypeObservational study·DateMar 30, 2023

An improved, visible light-harvesting catalyst to speed up reactions

Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a novel visible light-driven single transition metal catalyst that combines high light harvesting abilities and broad applicability. The SFI-Rh(I) complexes overcome previous limitations, enabling versatile photocatalytic reactions with increased stability.

SourceTokyo Institute of Technology·JournalNature Synthesis·TypeExperimental study·DateMar 30, 2023

Prestigious EU support to save species

The Norwegian University of Science and Technology has been awarded a €2.5 million grant from the European Research Council to investigate how species can survive in a changing environment. The project aims to develop rules for preventing species extinction and studying adaptation to environmental changes.

SourceNorwegian University of Science and Technology·DateMar 30, 2023

Genome analysis just got personal

Researchers have created a new tool, EN-TEx, to analyze genetic mutations and predict disease risk. The catalog of allele-specific variants provides rich data for accurate personal genomics, enabling scientists to study the effects of genetic mutations in tissues that are difficult to obtain without surgery.

SourceCold Spring Harbor Laboratory·JournalCell·DateMar 30, 2023

University Hospitals research published in New England Journal of Medicine shows minimally invasive procedure saves most patients with severe vascular disease from amputation

The PROMISE II clinical trial showed that LimFlow therapy enabled 76% of patients to avoid amputation and experience wound healing. This minimally invasive procedure bypasses blocked arteries in the leg and rushes blood back into the foot through the veins, providing a unique alternative to major amputation.

SourceUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateMar 30, 2023
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Children with high blood pressure often become adults with high blood pressure

High blood pressure in children is a significant health concern, potentially leading to cardiovascular problems in adulthood. The American Heart Association recommends monitoring blood pressure levels and implementing lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular physical activity, and weight management.

SourceAmerican Heart Association·JournalHypertension·DateMar 30, 2023

Can a solid be a superfluid? Engineering a novel supersolid state from layered 2D materials

Researchers predict that layered electronic 2D semiconductors can host a quantum phase of matter called the supersolid. A solid becomes 'super' when its quantum properties match those of superconductors, simultaneously having two orders: solid and super. The study reports the complete phase diagram of this system at low temperatures.

SourceARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateMar 29, 2023

Research sheds light on bamboo paper conservation

Researchers investigated bamboo paper's moisture absorption behaviour under different ageing patterns, finding that ageing doesn't alter water adsorption but reduces effective adsorption sites. Storage humidity conditions around 50% RH are recommended to maintain the paper's stability.

SourceUniversity of Science and Technology of China·JournalJournal of Cultural Heritage·DateMar 29, 2023
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Study assesses prevalence, severity, co-occurrence of common symptoms undertreated in cancer patients

A large population study reveals that common cancer symptoms are pervasive across all types of cancer and sociodemographics, with higher symptom burdens among patients with lung, gastrointestinal, and gynecologic cancers. The study highlights the importance of prioritizing symptom management in patients who need or desire treatment.

SourceRegenstrief Institute·JournalJournal of Pain and Symptom Management·DateMar 29, 2023