Researchers developed a new method to monitor methane releases in deep-sea sediments, showing that small-scale dissociation events are occurring more often than previously detected. Fossils of benthic foraminifera from the order Miliolida have been found to record these smaller-scale events.
A study of over 1,186 participants from various countries found that art evokes positive emotions, often despite dealing with sad or scary topics. The researchers discovered that human figures in art pieces can elicit empathy and mirroring, which contributes to the emotional experience.
Researchers have created two novel adjuvants that significantly enhance the immune response to vaccines. The new adjuvants target toll-like receptors and are designed to be tailored for every individual vaccine, potentially reducing side effects and increasing effectiveness.
A rare species of beetle, Bembidion brownorum, was rediscovered on Jerry Brown's ranch in Colusa County after 55 years. The beetle is notable for its unusual shape and metallic shimmer, and its population likely collapsed due to urbanization and agricultural development.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have discovered that beneficial microbes in infant gut use nitrogen from human milk to support pediatric nutrition and development. The study provides new insights into the molecular underpinnings of these processes, which could lead to improved infant health around the world.
A new high-resolution simulation shows different pollutants accumulate along highways and over Lake Michigan, affecting communities in distinct ways. The study provides a detailed, neighborhood-by-neighborhood estimate of air pollution, highlighting areas that need targeted solutions to address poor air quality.
The unemployment rate for persons with disabilities in the US is more than double that of those without a disability, particularly youth. New research highlights the importance of community and business awareness of vocational services to increase work participation and quality of life.
Researchers have found a new water reservoir on the Moon, discovered in impact glass beads, which can buffer the lunar surface water cycle. The study suggests that these beads can store and release solar wind-derived water, indicating their potential for in-situ resource utilization.
Breast tumor microbes vary significantly among women of different ethnicities, with potential implications for personalized care and disease progression. Researchers identified distinct microbial biomarkers associated with genes involved in tumor aggressiveness and immune response.
A cohort study of over 9,000 persons found that asymptomatic middle-aged individuals with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis are at an 8-fold increased risk for myocardial infarction. The study highlights the importance of identifying and addressing obstructive coronary artery disease in patients without known cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have discovered a combination strategy that targets the STING signaling pathway, resulting in improved antitumor activity. Inhibiting methylation increases STING expression and activates immune cells, leading to enhanced antitumor immunity.
A new study analyzed 183,780 non-birth related hospitalizations among 130,826 privately insured children covered aged 18 and under from 2017-2019. The average out-of-pocket spending was $1,300, with some families paying over $3,000. High deductibles and co-insurance payments were the main drivers of higher costs.
Researchers found that healthy individuals have a median of 16 antimicrobial resistance genes in their gut microbiome, varying across countries and antibiotic use. National antibiotic consumption levels correlate with resistance gene frequencies, highlighting the need for public health strategies to mitigate AMR.
Researchers discovered that 'dormant' cone photoreceptors in retinal degeneration continue to produce responses to light and drive retinal activity for vision. The study found that while cones have reduced sensitivity, ganglion cells retain their ability to respond to visual stimuli with similar spatial and temporal sensitivity.
A new American Heart Association scientific statement provides guidance on interpreting incidental genetic variants associated with cardiovascular disease risk. The statement aims to determine whether a variant truly carries a health risk and suggests next steps for individuals and healthcare professionals.
ENZAMET, a new drug combination, has shown significant improvement in survival rates for men with advanced prostate cancer. After five years, the treatment led to a 67% survival rate, compared to 57% for standard therapy.
Scientists at Tokyo University of Science generate vector vortex light beams and imprint their structure on electron spins in a semiconductor solid, creating helical spatial structures. This breakthrough enables higher information storage capacity by exploiting effective magnetic fields alongside structured light beams.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have found that the first land plants were likely to have been branched, contradicting previous theories. The discovery sheds new light on the origin of branching in plants and its role in shaping their evolution.
The study investigates the atomic flow behavior during joint formation, exploring processing time, temperature, and stress distribution on nanojoints. The results reveal that local stress and capillary interactions significantly impact joint quality, leading to advances in industrial applications of Ag nanowire interconnect networks.
A new species of ancient beaver, Anchitheriomys buceei, has been discovered in Texas and named after Buc-ee's. The beaver lived about 15 million years ago and was about 30% larger than modern beavers.
A new study found that specific biomarkers in blood can predict PTSD likelihood, diagnose disorder, or monitor treatment response. Researchers discovered four biomarkers with significant differences between those with PTSD or sub-threshold PTSD and those with high resilience.
A new research letter highlights how quickly Colorado's children and teenagers can access a loaded gun, increasing the risk of adolescent suicides and firearm injuries. Nearly one-third of middle and high school students report having access to a gun within 24 hours or under 10 minutes.
Researchers at the University of Surrey used a new technology called fluxomics to reveal how cells process nitrogen in TB-causing bacteria. The study identified glutamate as a crucial amino acid in the nitrogen metabolism, providing a target for new drug development.
A new study found that Hispanic, Black, and low-socioeconomic status smokers are less likely to use e-cigarettes as a quit-smoking tool and more likely to believe e-cigarettes pose greater harm than cigarettes. This perception may prevent e-cigarette uptake among these populations, exacerbating racial and health disparities in smoking.
A new study by the University of South Australia found that dedicated nature play areas are underutilized at schools, with most being used for play instead of learning. Researchers are encouraging teachers to incorporate more outdoor learning to boost student wellbeing and development.
A new article in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine explores the potential for using ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence chatbot, in nuclear medicine and molecular imaging. The authors discuss the strengths and weaknesses of current AI bots and highlight the benefits of collaborating with AI allies to cope with increasing workloads.
Researchers examine how chronological and biological age impact vaccine effectiveness, finding that both factors influence immune system capacity to mount responses. The study highlights the need for further research into 'immune aging' risk and departures from healthy aging.
Researchers developed O-ClickFC technology to analyze lipid metabolic state in cells at high speed. The technology combined with genome editing enabled identification of causative genes of metabolic disorders, including FLVCR1 and its role in choline uptake.
A new study has confirmed that chronic THC use can negatively impact male reproductive health, including testicular function and sperm quality. Discontinuing use of THC for at least four months can partially restore these effects, providing a critical window for family planning and conception.
A new study found that repeated requests for personal data increase disclosure, despite unchanged concerns about privacy. Researchers suggest practical measures to reduce this effect and encourage mutually beneficial sharing.
A new study by Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon investigates the impact of climate change on ocean's ability to sequester CO2. Researchers found that changes in weathering rates and rock properties affect alkalinity, with potential implications for global carbon cycling.
A new study from University of Illinois evaluates the implementation of two prevention programs using a mixed-methods approach with multiple sources. The researchers identified four themes that had a positive impact on delivery, including instructor attentiveness, student involvement, and flexibility in program scheduling.
A study published in Lasers in Surgery and Medicine suggests that light therapy, known as photobiomodulation (PBM), can improve heart function and reduce the thickness of the cardiac wall in middle-aged mice. The research also found improved neuromuscular coordination and a significant survival rate among mice with severe heart disease.
A new filter for topology optimization has been developed by splitting the tensor product structure, resulting in a massively efficient approach that accelerates design variable updates and computation times. The filter decreases memory burden and computing time of weight matrices by six and three orders of magnitude respectively.
Scientists have identified monocytes, a type of white blood cell, as a potential target for eliminating HIV infections. A new study found that monocytes can harbor stable HIV genomes, which may provide a new direction for efforts to improve therapies and eventually cure the disease.
A large multicenter study finds that combining hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone reduces death rates and hospice discharge among patients with septic shock. The regimen outperformed hydrocortisone alone, with a four percent lower mortality rate.
A study on Mea6-deficient mice reveals significantly affected gross and microstructure of white matter, altered lipid composition, and reduced expression of elongation of very long chain fatty acids proteins. This research provides insight into the pathogenesis of white matter diseases.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered that female giant African pouched rats can undergo 'unusual' reproductive organ transformations. The study, published in Current Biology, explores how traits once considered fixed in adult animals may become variable under specific pressures.
A new study suggests that positive experiences in close relationships are associated with lower stress, better coping, and lower systolic blood pressure reactivity. The findings also indicate that variability in negative relationship experiences can predict outcomes like stress and physiological functioning.
A new technique combines machine learning with short-wave infrared fluorescence imaging to detect precise tumor boundaries with higher accuracy than traditional methods. The approach achieved a remarkable per-pixel classification accuracy of 97.5 percent and demonstrated robustness against changes in imaging conditions.
A new study found that veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI) do not have a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Researchers measured biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and glucose metabolism in TBI veterans compared to those without TBI. The study suggests that other factors may contribute to the increased risk of dement...
Researchers at the Human Brain Project present novel clinical uses of advanced brain modelling methods, enabling clinicians to simulate epileptic seizures and identify target areas. The approach has broad applicability in neuroscience, medicine, and neurotechnology, with potential improvements in data resolution and patient specificity.
A Korean research team has developed a foundational technology for controlling molten metal volume in 3D metal printing using welding techniques. This enables the continuous printing of metal in three-dimensional space with freedom, offering advantages over conventional methods.
A new computational technique analyzes bacterial genetic sequences to monitor the spread of antibiotic resistance over time. The study found that resistance genes most likely to spread are those on conjugative plasmids and targeting specific antibiotics, with many coming from a single source.
Brazilian researchers identified genes that make industrial yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae SA-1 resistant to fermentation inhibitors generated during sugarcane bagasse preprocessing. The study paves the way for increased efficiency of second-generation ethanol production.
High blood pressure damages specific brain regions, including the putamen and white matter areas, leading to cognitive decline and increased risk of dementia. The study uses a combination of MRI, genetic analyses, and observational data to identify these affected regions.
A primary care program promoting health in older adults was successfully implemented but lacked significant clinical benefits. The Health Teams Advancing Patient Experience: Strengthening Quality (TAPESTRY) trial found no impact on hospitalizations or physical activity, despite positive effects in a previous study.
A recent study published in the Journal of Agricultural Economics found that home gardens can increase annual home-produced food by nearly 90% and monthly per adult equivalent incomes by 37%. These interventions also reduced poverty rates and improved nutrition among rural farming communities in Odisha, India.
New research reveals methane traps heat in the atmosphere but also creates cooling clouds that offset 30% of the heat. Methane absorbs both longwave and shortwave energy, leading to a slight cooling effect.
A new study suggests that releasing 1000 gigatons of carbon will cause the southern portion of the ice sheet to melt irreversibly, while 2500 gigatons could lead to permanent loss of nearly the entire ice sheet. The researchers' findings indicate that we are nearing the first tipping point and may not be able to reverse it.
Researchers have discovered a possible correlation between gravitational waves from neutron star mergers and fast radio bursts, two phenomena long shrouded in mystery. The study found that an observed FRB occurred just 2 ½ hours after a neutron star merger event, suggesting a potential link between the two events.
The ENGOT-EN6-NSGO/GOG-3031/RUBY trial reveals significant improvements in progression-free survival and overall survival for patients with primary advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer when treated with dostarlimab in combination with standard of care carboplatin/paclitaxel. The new treatment regimen offers a substantial increase i...
Scientists have successfully replicated the tunable transparency of squid skin cells in mammalian cells, a breakthrough that could lead to better ways to image many cell types. The study, led by Alon Gorodetsky, involves engineering human cells to produce reflectin proteins and forming light-scattering nanostructures.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions (SCAI) and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) released an updated expert consensus statement on transcatheter left atrial appendage closure, focusing on best practices for endovascular devices. The recommendations emphasize operator experience, patient selection, and imaging guidan...
A six-month study of 63 healthy young participants found significant improvements in vascular markers after consuming daily peanut products. The study suggests that peanuts' polyphenols have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health.
A retrospective analysis of blood samples and medical records from 270 patients found that CPS1 levels help predict which patients survive or die without a transplant. The study suggests that CPS1 could be a valuable clinical management tool for acetaminophen and other causes of liver failure.
Researchers developed a SMART approach to engage with communities in developing real-time early warning systems for floods, combining meteorological data with social factors. This approach aims to improve protection for vulnerable people and properties, particularly in mountainous regions.
A new study of tree rings from the region shows that the event was almost certainly the worst in at least the past millennium. The research established a year-by-year record of summer average temperatures going back to 950, revealing scores of abnormally hot summers.
Participation in campus recreational sports before the pandemic was linked to lower stress and higher competence during lockdowns. The study found that students developed key skills such as adaptability through sport, which helped them manage pandemic-related setbacks.
James Chappell, a Rice University bioscientist, has won a National Science Foundation CAREER Award to create RNA programming methods for microbial communities in natural habitats. His research aims to improve human health and the environment by genetically manipulating microbial communities.