Researchers identified enhanced B-cell and T-cell responses in fully vaccinated individuals who became infected with SARS-CoV-2, generating immunological memory to prevent severe infection. Vaccine-primed memory T cells play a critical role in preventing severe COVID-19.
A new Rowan University study reveals a 50-year trend in Atlantic hurricane intensification linked to human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. The research shows that hurricanes are developing and strengthening faster, with more intense storms along the US east coast.
Researchers from the University of Tokyo have developed a cobalt-free battery alternative that outperforms state-of-the-art battery chemistry. The new lithium-ion batteries boast a 60% higher energy density and can withstand over 1,000 recharge cycles, reducing environmental concerns.
Researchers discovered that gut microbiota-derived 7-DHC regulates circadian rhythms, reduces inflammation in the gut, and treats experimental colitis by targeting key genes. This molecule has potential as a novel therapeutic agent for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Researchers found that Porphyromonas gingivalis inhibits autophagosome-lysosome fusion, worsening cardiac remodeling and causing cardiac rupture after myocardial infarction. The study suggests that treating this oral infection could help prevent fatal heart attacks.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego have discovered a way to make ceramics tougher and more resistant to cracking. By using metal atoms with more electrons in their outer shell, they unlocked the potential to enable ceramics to handle higher levels of force and stress.
The open-source 'OpenCap' platform enables clinicians to analyze human movement from smartphone videos, significantly reducing analysis time by 25x and costs. The platform is made available for academic research at no cost.
A Rice University scientist used a mixed-reality headset with custom-designed software to measure and analyze forest floor vegetation in Tanzania's Udzungwa Mountains National Park. The study found that mammal diversity increases with forest floor habitat surface area, leading to a greater variety of ecological characteristics.
A new study reveals that periodical cicada emergences have a cascading effect on forest ecosystems, shifting bird diets and leading to increased abundance of caterpillars and subsequent leaf damage. This research has implications for bird conservation and understanding the interconnectedness of complex food webs.
Rising Arctic temperatures are causing a mass migration of zooplankton, which Pacific right whales rely on for food. This shift is also drawing industrial fishing fleets northward, increasing the risk of ship collisions and gear entanglements.
A pivotal trial of wearable treatment Osteoboost for osteopenia in post-menopausal women showed a significant reduction in vertebral bone strength loss. The study found an average bone strength loss of 0.48% in the Active Treatment group, compared to 2.84% in the Sham group.
A team of scientists discovered that the Malvinoxhosan biota, a group of extinct shellfish, declined in numbers due to rising sea levels and warming climate. The research suggests that these changes led to a collapse in polar ecosystems, highlighting the vulnerability of environments to environmental shifts.
The 2021 Brood X cicada emergence caused community-wide shifts in bird predation, leading to a measurable decline in bird predation on oak-feeding caterpillars. This resulted in doubling of both caterpillar densities and herbivory rates on oak saplings during the emergence year.
A potential treatment for Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) has been discovered by an international team of scientists. The breakthrough found that inhibiting the complement pathway early on can successfully treat STEC-HUS, a devastating disease that can lead to life-long dialysis and death in children.
A recent study published in The Journals of Gerontology – Series B found that having more children can produce economic, social, emotional, and biological burdens that impact health, especially chronic conditions and depression. In contrast, adults with fewer children were more likely to report poor self-rated health in certain countries.
Researchers found that job seekers were 20% more likely to search for work at companies with over 500 employees after March 13, 2020. The average size of companies searched increased by 29%, driven by highly-skilled and better-educated candidates, which can impact startup success.
A new electronic health record documentation tool has been shown to improve the accuracy and completeness of clinical documentation for patients undergoing treatment for epilepsy. This tool enables medical providers to identify patients who are failing treatments earlier, allowing for rapid optimization of positive outcomes.
A new study from Columbia University Irving Medical Center suggests that chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, or 'chemobrain', may be caused by an excess of calcium floating around inside cells. The research could lead to new treatments to restore cognition in patients experiencing symptoms.
A study by Dr Veronica Lamarche discovered that equal consumption was more important than levels of drunkenness in perceiving consensual sex. Hook-ups where one partner is drunker are more likely to be seen as non-consensual, coercive, and dangerous.
AI medical devices can improve diagnosis and treatment, but their accuracy and limitations must be carefully considered. Developers must ensure transparency about AI's performance and limitations to avoid harming patients and exacerbating health inequities.
The study, which analyzed data from older adults with peptic ulcer disease, revealed that approximately 1 in 8 individuals developed depression for the first time during the pandemic. Women, those who felt lonely, and those with functional limitations were at higher risk of depression. Targeted screening and intervention are being reco...
Researchers develop self-charging electrochromic devices with multiple color options, featuring fast response times, high reversibility, and simple fabrication processes. The devices use a trilayer film structure and spray-coating method for uniform nanoparticle film fabrication.
A new study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that consuming more red meat is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Replacing red meat with plant-based protein sources like nuts and legumes may reduce this risk.
A bright fast radio burst has been detected at a high-redshift galaxy, providing new insights into the distant universe. The findings suggest that the burst was unusually energetic and challenged models of FRB emission mechanisms.
Research explains why X-ray diffraction images 'darken' at high intensities, offering new perspective for ultra-short laser pulse production. Different atoms respond differently to ultrafast X-ray pulses, potentially improving atomic structure reconstruction and generating even shorter pulses.
A new study identifies Magel2, a novel imprinted gene, as crucial for regulating nesting behavior and parental care in mice. The study found that mice lacking active Magel2 are inattentive parents with poor nests.
The WVU School of Medicine and Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources will support clinical trials and engineering technology development. The project aims to improve care and rehabilitation for people with neurological disorders through novel physician-engineer programs and human research.
The discovery reveals insights into how the layers of Jupiter's atmosphere interact with each other and how the planet's fast rotation affects the wind patterns. The research team analyzed data from Webb's NIRCam to track the jet stream, which is located around 25 miles above the clouds in Jupiter's lower stratosphere.
Scientists have developed a technique to restore the function of human-derived GPCR proteins in yeast cells, which could accelerate research and lead to more effective treatments. The approach, using error-prone polymerase chain reaction, introduces random mutations that enhance protein stability and function.
A new study reveals a distinct genetic fingerprint of Leishmania mexicana in non-traveler patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, suggesting locally acquired cases are on the rise. The CDC warns that domestic sand flies may acquire a deadly form of visceral leishmaniasis via imported dogs.
A new study used underwater cameras to assess oyster reef habitats across 12 tributaries in the Chesapeake Bay, finding that unharvested reefs and restored reefs had more complex structures. The results showed an upward trend in habitat scores over time, with unharvested and restored reefs maintaining higher habitat scores consistently.
A recent study in JAMA Network Open explores COVID-19 vaccine refusal and willingness, highlighting trust in health authorities as a crucial factor. The research suggests that building trust in healthcare professionals, experts, and public health agencies is essential for overcoming pandemic-related vaccine hesitancy.
A new cancer immunotherapy that targets two immune-evading tumor tactics has shown promising results in an early clinical trial. The drug, tebotelimab, blocks both PD-1 and LAG-3 proteins, leading to a double-digit response rate in patients with advanced solid tumors or blood cancers.
Researchers used dynamic total-body PET scans to visualize immune T cell distribution in recovering patients. The study found increased concentrations of CD8+ T cells in the bone marrow of recovering COVID patients compared to healthy controls.
A new study found that ide-cel, a CAR T-cell therapy, showed similar survival outcomes for Black and white patients with multiple myeloma. Researchers hope this finding encourages the use of ide-cel in all patients with multiple myeloma.
A recent study analyzed the South African automotive industry to understand the link between multinational vehicle assemblers and local parts suppliers. The research team found that while production of first-tier suppliers increased with automobile expansion, lower-tier suppliers showed no similar growth. This suggests a diamond-shaped...
Weight gain in females with a family history of mood disorders begins before the onset of mood disorders, highlighting the need for childhood interventions. Early interventions can prevent adverse mental and physical outcomes in this vulnerable group.
Researchers developed diamond quantum sensors to improve resolution in magnetic imaging, enabling detailed visualization of microstructures within cells. The sensors can detect water molecules and explore ion diffusion, with potential applications in battery development and medical research.
A new study found that muscle dysmorphia symptoms are associated with increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among Canadian adolescents and young adults. The study highlights the need for greater awareness and proper identification of muscle dysmorphia symptoms to prevent future suicidal ideation and suicide planning.
A study projects 2.7 million square kilometers of wilderness becoming newly suitable for agriculture over the next 40 years, threatening precious areas of biodiversity and cultural value. The research emphasizes the need to cut emissions and use farmland more efficiently to meet growing global demands.
The novel nanomotor performs pulsing movements using a clever mechanism, fueled by nucleotide triphosphates, and can be easily combined with other structures. The researchers plan to install the motor as a drive in complex machines and optimize its performance.
A new study from the University of Illinois found that accurate perception of partner's behavior is key to maintaining relationships. Relationship satisfaction acts as a moderating factor between relationship maintenance and commitment.
A study by the University of Washington and NOAA found that upgrading a culvert in Washington improved fish traffic for four species of interest: cutthroat trout, coho salmon, rainbow trout, and sockeye salmon. Meanwhile, a smaller culvert replacement had less impact on fish populations.
Birds in agricultural landscapes face reduced nesting success by nearly 50% during extreme heat due to increased temperature extremes. In contrast, forested areas exhibit increased reproductive success despite rising temperatures, possibly due to cooling effects from tree canopies.
Researchers are testing a single target to weaken tumors and strengthen immune cells in pediatric brain tumor patients. The goal is to improve the effectiveness of CAR-T therapy, which has shown promise but also leads to exhaustion of immune cells.
A study by Chinese scholars reveals that human expansion is a significant threat to biodiversity in Asia, particularly in Southeast Asia. The research found that highland developments pose higher threats to biodiversity than lowlands, and that regions with protected areas are also at risk.
A University of Oklahoma-led study highlights newly measured extremes in stratospheric water vapor recorded during the DCOTSS field project. High-level thunderstorms enhance water vapor in the stratosphere at levels higher than previously understood.
A study published in The Lancet found that adding an anti-inflammatory painkiller called piroxicam to the morning-after pill increased pregnancy prevention by 94.7% compared to the pill alone. The combination regimen showed no significant difference in adverse effects.
Researchers predict that 76% of newly suitable land at high latitudes is currently wilderness, equivalent to 10% of the total wilderness in these areas. As global temperatures rise, wilderness areas may be significantly harmed by agricultural expansion.
Researchers identify oldest pieces of Baltic amber on the Iberian Peninsula, dating back to the 4th millennium BC. The discovery sheds light on early exchange networks and social structures in prehistoric Europe.
A retrospective study found that research staff of the same race or ethnicity as patients increased consent rates by 65.1% compared to those of a different race or ethnicity. Employing diverse research teams can improve trust and engagement among potential study participants, according to researchers.
Researchers discovered two novel compounds, saclipin A and B, with anti-aging and UV-absorbing properties in a freshwater cyanobacterium. The compounds were found to absorb UV radiation, scavenging damaging oxygen free radicals and inhibiting glycation of collagen and elastin.
A new genetic study found that consistently sleeping less than five hours a night may raise the risk of developing depressive symptoms. The study, published in Translational Psychiatry, analyzed data from over 7,000 people and found that short sleep was associated with the onset of depressive symptoms.
Stanford Medicine researchers developed a technique to measure ocular aging using artificial intelligence, predicting disease triggers and revealing new targets for therapies. The study found that certain proteins accelerate aging in each disease, potentially leading to personalized treatments.
A new study by NYU Steinhardt researchers challenges the longstanding practice of segregating students with limited English proficiency. Despite controlled analysis for socioeconomic and academic factors, the study found no association between high EL concentrations and reading growth.
Researchers develop integrated photonic-electronic hardware capable of processing three-dimensional (3D) data, doubling parallelism for AI tasks and significantly boosting energy efficiency. The new chip can process 100 electrocardiogram signals simultaneously with high accuracy, outperforming electronic processors.
Scientists found that electrons interacting with ions of molten zinc chloride salt can form three states: a molecular radical, localized on a single zinc ion, or delocalized across multiple ions. This understanding can help predict radiation's impact on reactor performance.
The brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a peptide that plays a crucial role in activating atopic dermatitis, or eczema. In a mouse model of AD, mice without BNP exhibited reduced thickened skin and itching compared to control mice with BNP.
A new report published in the American Journal of Infection Control demonstrates that implementing a dedicated team of nurses to assist with central line insertions can significantly reduce patients' risk of developing bloodstream infections. The study found that having this dedicated team reduced the proportion of central line-associa...
Researchers documented a steady increase in cervical cancer incidence and death rates in Appalachian Kentucky from 2000 to 2019. The region's cervical cancer death rate is now twice the national average, with distant-stage cancers increasing by 5.5% per year.