A Chinese research team has developed a power generator that collects and produces continuous electrical signals from natural atmospheric humidity. The device uses nano-sized polyoxometalates, which are environmentally friendly and have high stability in various environments.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science have developed an innovative method to synthesize azide compounds with a protected azido group, facilitating the efficient synthesis of organonitrogen compounds. This novel approach enables the creation of a wide range of azides through transformations with various electrophiles.
A University of Bristol-led study warns that Kordofan giraffes may go extinct within 15 years if poaching continues in Cameroon's Bénoué National Park. Researchers found that the removal of one male and one female giraffe per year would result in an average time to extinction of just 15.3 years.
A new study by the American Cancer Society reveals substantial racial and ethnic disparities among survivors of second primary cancers in the US. Non-Hispanic Black individuals experience higher cancer-related death rates, while Hispanic individuals face lower cardiovascular-related death rates compared to non-Hispanic White counterparts.
A recent study by USU ecologist Jessica Murray found that tree canopies store significant amounts of carbon, with the ability to store up to 4% of total soil carbon. Climate and tree size play a crucial role in canopy soil abundance, and its decline could lead to a significant decrease in carbon storage resources.
A recent study by Dr. Ansgar Hudde found that women in Germany have been voting more left-wing than men, with the youngest voters being particularly left-leaning. The trend is most evident among those aged 18-24, where parties like the Greens and Left are more popular among women.
Researchers highlight the need for effective treatment strategies for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck, which is a highly malignant tumor with variable localizations. Proton therapy shows decisive advantages in long-term survival rates for ACC.
Researchers found little evidence of a repeatable pattern in influenza cases in Vietnam, suggesting that the virus is unpredictable throughout tropical areas. This finding poses substantial challenges for prevention and management of cases in regions with high population density.
Researchers from Boston University propose a data-driven approach to stratify individuals with mild cognitive impairment based on their risk of progressing to Alzheimer's disease. The study uses deep learning and survival analysis to identify key brain regions relevant to AD, enabling early interventions for those at high risk.
A new UNC study found significant disparities in testing and treatment of private wells among low-income and minority households in North Carolina. The research highlights alarming levels of contamination and unequal access to well testing and treatment.
Scientists at Kanazawa University discovered how calcium ions block sodium channels, regulating ionic current involved in neural activities like memory formation. The study reveals the structural features and molecular processes underlying divalent cation block in NavAb, a well-known tetrameric sodium channel.
A roundtable consensus emphasizes the importance of collecting long-term patient-reported outcome data in oncology trials to assess treatment effects and disease progression. Stakeholders agree that this information is vital for regulators, payers, physicians, and patients making decisions after treatment discontinuation.
A subpolar Atlantic plankton species was found in the central Arctic Ocean during the Last Interglacial period, indicating summers were ice-free. This discovery has implications for understanding Arctic climate dynamics without sea ice.
Researchers from Michigan State University's School of Packaging have developed a bio-based polymer blend that is compostable in both home and industrial settings. The blend, which includes polylactic acid (PLA) and thermoplastic starch, reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills and enables efficient recycling.
Researchers from Leicester and Nottingham universities have received £600,000 funding to study sexual development and gene shuffling in the malaria parasite. The study aims to uncover new targets for therapies to control disease transmission.
Researchers have developed novel liquid metal nanoparticles that combine photothermal therapy with immunotherapy, demonstrating high specificity and low side effects. The nanoparticles can target and destroy cancer cells while also stimulating the immune system to fight against tumors.
A recent study discovered the complex circadian clock mechanisms in soil bacteria Bacillus subtilis, regulating multiple genes and behaviors. The findings have significant implications for industrial applications, human health, and plant science.
A new South Australian study found that breastfeeding for six months or more appears to reduce the risk of cardiovascular problems developing in mothers for at least three years after delivery. Women who breastfed experienced lower blood pressure and body-weight recovery, indicating improved cardio-metabolic health.
University of Melbourne researchers developed a novel approach to 'tissue engineering' blood vessels by combining multiple materials and fabrication technologies. The method creates blood vessels with complex geometries like native blood vessels, offering a transformative solution for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin created a noninvasive EEG sensor that can measure brain activity during immersive VR interactions. The device has potential applications in helping people with anxiety, measuring mental stress, and giving humans insight into robot behavior.
Researchers developed an in-situ monitoring approach to improve the precision of two-photon lithography fabrication, enabling high-fidelity synthesis of structured tissue scaffolds. The algorithm enhances optical sectioning ability and eliminates background noise for real-time layer-by-layer supervision.
A KAIST research team has identified excessive astrocyte-mediated synapse removal as the cause of mental diseases induced by childhood abuse trauma. This mechanism is linked to stress hormones and can lead to abnormal neural networks and complex behavioral abnormalities.
A Hong Kong study of 1.5 million people found that young-onset type 2 diabetes is associated with higher rates of hospital stays for mental health disorders. The study suggests that addressing mental health needs may be crucial in reducing hospitalization rates for young adults with type 2 diabetes.
A new study by UNC-Chapel Hill researchers found significant nitrogen fixation in sargassum communities, outpacing other marine sources. This discovery sheds light on the critical role of sargassum in supporting marine productivity and highlights the importance of long-term data collection.
Researchers have shown a positive association between added sugar consumption and an increased risk of developing kidney stones. Participants with higher intakes of added sugars had greater odds of developing kidney stones over the course of the study.
A randomized clinical trial found that telephone-based cognitive behavioral therapy (tele-CBT) significantly reduced binge eating, emotional eating, and depression/anxiety symptoms in individuals after bariatric surgery. However, short-term weight outcomes were unaffected by tele-CBT.
A new study led by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center identified a 64-protein pattern that predicted ovarian tumor responsiveness to treatment. This diagnostic could identify patients with types of ovarian cancers that would not benefit from standard therapies, allowing them to pursue clinical trials instead.
A groundbreaking analysis of historical DNA links tens of thousands of living individuals to enslaved and free African Americans at Catoctin Furnace. The study provides a new way to complement genealogical efforts and restore ancestral histories for African American communities.
Research reveals a local mechanism in neurons that enables insulin-like growth factors to facilitate brain plasticity. IGF release is necessary for activating the IGF1-Receptor during synaptic plasticity, leading to neuron growth and strengthening.
A population genetics team identified genetic relationship between 23andMe users and enslaved Africans in Catoctin Furnace, Maryland. The researchers consider ethics of sharing results with descendants and other relatives, highlighting importance of proper consent and minimizing harm.
Scientists have developed a new liquid metal coating that can treat and kill bacteria, offering a potential solution to the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. The coating, made from gallium liquid metal particles, has improved biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, making it safe for human cells.
A recent study by Indiana University researchers found that an e-health and telehealth-based collaborative care intervention had a significant impact on patients with depression. The intervention resulted in a 43% reduction in depressive symptoms among participants, compared to only 17% in the usual primary care group.
Researchers at Penn State have discovered a safe and efficient way to create cyclopropanes, key features in many drugs, using a previously undescribed chemical process. The new method uses visible light and common ingredients to transform alkenes into cyclopropanes with no carbene intermediate.
A NUS study reveals how Wnt signalling regulates colour patterns in butterfly wings, with different ligands and receptors controlling specific areas. The researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to test the function of pathway members, showing that they interact and regulate each other.
A new study by Dr. Amin Ghaziani and Andy Holmes found that people are deeply ambivalent about coming out, with awareness of generational differences playing a key role. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 52 adult Vancouverites about their experiences coming out over the last five years.
Researchers unveil a novel signaling pathway that fosters chronic metabolic disorders through aged adipocyte dysfunction. Impaired BCAA catabolism in adipose tissues accelerates aging, while selective inhibition of CRTC2 or PPAR gamma activation may hold potential to inhibit aging and extend health span.
A study published in Stroke found significant disparities in stroke risk factors between Black and non-Black adults. However, after one year of intensive medical intervention, some risk factors were reduced in Black adults.
A new study reveals that the receptor PIEZO2 in sensory neurons plays a crucial role in controlling gut motility and transit time. This finding has significant implications for understanding gastrointestinal disorders and developing therapeutic applications.
A radiomic-based model using T2-weighted MRI data achieved high accuracy in diagnosing pediatric Crohn disease, outperforming expert radiologists. The model was ensembled with clinical data to further improve performance.
A new Lancet study reveals persistent disparities in mortality rates among five racial-ethnic groups and 3,110 US counties from 2000 to 2019. Cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms were the leading causes of death, with significant gaps between racial-ethnic groups.
A new study found an increase in precocious puberty diagnoses among girls during the COVID-19 pandemic due to poor lifestyle changes. Girls with higher body mass index scores were more likely to be diagnosed with early puberty, suggesting a link between rapid weight gain and advanced pubertal development.
Researchers discovered that PYY prevents the fungus Candida albicans from turning into its more dangerous form while allowing commensal yeast forms to flourish. This peptide functions as an antimicrobial agent, playing a vital role in maintaining fungal commensalism in the gut.
Insilico Medicine's inClinico platform uses generative AI to predict Phase II to Phase III clinical trial success with an accuracy of 79%. The tool has been validated in various studies and can provide valuable insights for investors and biotech/pharma companies.
A recent study by GEOMAR researchers found that fluctuations in the Labrador Sea can significantly influence the strength of sinking processes east of Greenland. This phenomenon affects the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), a crucial climate system that brings warm water from the Gulf of Mexico to Europe.
Researchers discovered that electrons flow through the bulk of a special type of insulator, rather than at the edges, using magnetic imaging. This finding provides new insights into electron behavior in quantum Hall insulators and informs the development of topological materials for next-generation quantum devices.
Researchers found that hydrothermal vents were active at shallow depths, releasing larger quantities of methane and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This discovery has significant implications for understanding past climate warming events.
A new study revealed that people in the UK have facial skin with more DNA damaged from the sun than those in Singapore, leading to a higher risk of developing keratinocyte skin cancers. This is despite lower UV light exposure levels in the UK.
The Access to Advanced Health Institute has received an $18 million award from the NIH to develop a temperature-stable, single-dose chikungunya RNA vaccine candidate. The vaccine uses innovative RNA platform technology to protect against the virus, which causes debilitating joint and muscle pain in endemic areas.
A study of 1.4 million birthing person–infant pairs in the U.S. suggests that most pregnancy-specific alcohol policies are not effective in reducing infant injuries or morbidities. The findings challenge policy makers' assumptions about the impact of such policies on infant health.
A new study from Wake Forest University School of Medicine found that changes in the gut microbiome significantly impact cocaine use and cravings after withdrawal. The researchers discovered that a depleted microbiome led to increased cocaine-seeking behavior and altered neurobiological markers in reward-related brain structures.
Recent advances in medical treatments for obesity offer hope for a turning point in the disease. However, these new weight-loss drugs face challenges, including high costs and potential health disparities that disproportionately affect marginalized communities.
The University of Tennessee Extension will host a series of workshops across the state to help agricultural producers navigate labor management. The workshop series aims to improve the economic sustainability of labor-intensive farming operations in Tennessee by reducing risks associated with attracting and retaining agricultural labor.
Researchers at Arizona State University successfully demonstrated the use of MicroED to analyze a DNA crystal, overcoming limitations of X-ray crystallography. The technique, combined with cryo-FIB milling, enables work with smaller crystals, opening opportunities for understanding RNA structure and developing novel nanotechnologies.
Researchers analyzed ancient DNA from 27 colonial Africans interred at the Catoctin Furnace to connect with 23andMe data, revealing 40,000+ living relatives and insights into the lives of enslaved individuals.
Researchers found a U-shaped effect on profit margins due to the relationship between reducing costs, developing new processes, and innovating products. Initially, firms focus on cost reduction, but as robot adoption increases, they shift to product innovation, leading to higher profits.
Gray mold is a fungus that causes billions of dollars in crop losses each year, but researchers have discovered a way to control it without using toxic chemicals. The discovery reveals that gray mold uses lipid 'bubbles' to deliver RNA molecules that silence plant immune systems.
Researchers successfully deployed CAR-T therapy in a mouse model of ovarian cancer, demonstrating strong anti-tumor effects even at late stages. The treatment was highly effective, shrinking or eliminating tumors after just one dose and continuing to work for months without major side effects.
A University of Minnesota-led study found that long-term consumption of aspartame and saccharin is associated with increased volumes of visceral, intermuscular, and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The researchers recommend considering alternative approaches to artificial sweeteners due to potential health consequences.
A team of researchers, led by MSU's Mehr Un Nisa, used the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory to detect gamma rays emitted by the sun with unprecedented brightness. These high-energy particles, known as gamma rays, were found to be surprisingly abundant and have a energy level of 1 trillion electron volts.
Researchers propose GABA-modulating treatments as potential therapeutic targets for depression's cognitive and affective symptoms. The study highlights the importance of GABA-A receptors in regulating balance and signals between neurons, and suggests compounds that promote or inhibit these receptors may alleviate depressive symptoms.