Researchers have discovered a 64-protein signature that can predict which ovarian cancer patients are unlikely to respond to chemotherapy, paving the way for personalized treatment options. The study also identifies five new subtypes of high-grade serous ovarian cancer, suggesting different treatment strategies may be needed.
Researchers found that African ancestry patients with dilated cardiomyopathy have fewer clinically actionable variants in DCM genes compared to European ancestry patients. The study enrolled 1,198 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, revealing a racial imbalance in genetic trials for heart failure.
Researchers have discovered an unusual Jupiter-sized exoplanet, TOI-4860 b, orbiting a low-mass star in the Corvus constellation. The planet is enriched with heavy elements and takes about 1.52 days to complete its orbit, making it a 'Warm Jupiter'.
A joint research team from City University of Hong Kong and collaborators developed a stable artificial photocatalytic system that mimics natural chloroplasts to convert carbon dioxide into methane, a valuable fuel, very efficiently using light. The new system achieved a highly efficient solar-to-fuel efficiency rate of 15%, surpassing...
Researchers discovered a pair of genes whose expression by immune cells in tumors is linked to patient outcomes and controls human cancers. The study identified a gene expression ratio that predicts tumor behavior and potential therapy targets, offering new insights into cancer treatment.
Researchers are creating synthetic microbiomes to protect aquatic environments from bacteria, improving shrimp health and reducing the risk of disease in aquaculture farms. The team is collaborating with farmers in Ecuador to develop new microbial communities that will increase resistance to pathogenic bacteria.
A new study published in Strategic Management Journal finds that when parent firms identify and implement ideas internally, they outperform spinouts. The probability of survival for spinouts is about 64% at age three, compared to 59% for new establishments of parent firms, which closes the gap by age seven
Researchers used ultrafast electron diffraction to image the pericyclic minimum, a critical geometry in electrocyclic reactions. The study reveals that stereospecificity arises from the change of double bonds, not the exact motion, allowing for more precise synthetic chemistry tools.
Human cells have been found to synchronize their movements in unison, similar to grandfather clocks, allowing them to work more efficiently and combat diseases. This new understanding can pave the way for developing biochemical tools to prevent serious diseases like cancer and diabetes.
A study by University of Houston Professor Brandon Rottinghaus found that scandals have less impact on politicians due to polarized media and partisan fundraising. The study analyzed data from 1972 to 2021 and found that politicians can survive scandals more easily in the current era, with some even benefiting from small scandals.
Researchers found that adults who experienced violence, financial stress, or separation from parents as children were more likely to experience physical and cognitive impairments. Adverse childhood experiences can have lifelong consequences, including difficulty walking, carrying out daily activities, and problems with memory.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have developed a new strategy for producing oxygen-tolerant probiotics, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, which can improve glucose control. The combination of bacteria increased biomass and butyrate production, making it safe for human consumption.
Researchers found that tolerant animals can replace sensitive species, maintaining ecosystem stability despite harmful practices. The study suggests protection for swamps and ponds on the edge of croplands to promote biodiversity and sustainable agriculture.
A study found that 41.8% of US women of reproductive age face long drives (30+ minutes) to reach an abortion facility, while 23.6% have no access within a 90-minute drive. Access is affected by state laws and geographical location.
Researchers have developed novel molecules that target the membrane of viruses, rather than their proteins, offering a promising new approach for treating infectious diseases. The molecules, inspired by natural peptides, disrupt the protective layers of enveloped viruses like Zika and chikungunya, while sparing human cells.
A study of over 20,000 patients with a hepatitis C cure found that they have a substantially greater risk of death compared to the general population. Drug and liver-related causes were the main drivers of excess deaths, highlighting the importance of continued support to fully realise the benefits of a hepatitis C cure.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina describe a new, non-surgical approach to managing hydrocephalus by implanting a shunt-clearing device and performing daily flushing. The study shows promising results, reducing revision surgeries and improving patient outcomes.
Researchers have found that certain materials can exhibit D-wave effects, entangled with other quantum states, allowing for efficient coupling at higher temperatures. This breakthrough bridges condensed matter physics subfields and could enable practical applications of quantum computing.
A recent study found that employees tend to be less productive in the afternoons, especially on Fridays, with increased typing errors and reduced computer activity. Flexible work arrangements like hybrid work or a four-day week may help mitigate this decline in productivity.
The study found that environmental conditions and the state of the ocean can lead to enhanced risk for ocean temperature extremes. Upwelling patterns on a short-term basis also initiate some of these marine heatwaves and cold spells.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a robotic gripping device that can handle ultrasoft, ultrathin, and heavy objects with excellent balance of strength, precision, and gentleness. The design uses kirigami and can be fabricated from biodegradable materials.
Researchers from Chapman University and other institutions developed a new interference radar function that improves distance resolution between objects using radar waves. The technology breaks the trade-off between resolution and wavelength, allowing for high spatial resolution with long wavelengths.
Researchers have discovered a novel pathway that minimizes liver injury during transplantation by activating the protective CEACAM1-S version. This protective characteristic is regulated by HIF-1α and can be enhanced using molecular tools and alternative gene splicing, reducing organ injury and improving post-transplant outcomes.
A Cornell University study found that encouraging fact-checking on Reddit led to a drop in story rank by an average of minus-25 spots, causing stories to be missed by readers. The research suggests that collective efforts to improve information environments can influence algorithmic recommendations.
Researchers found a significant increase in global bird feeding interest during COVID-19 lockdowns, with dramatic increases in search terms like 'bird feeder' and 'bird food' across 115 countries. The study suggests that this trend may have implications for avian communities, migration patterns, and biodiversity.
A new study published in The BMJ found that steroid use during pregnancy may increase the risk of short and long-term health issues in infants. Researchers analyzed data from 1.6 million infants and found that full-term babies exposed to corticosteroids had a higher risk of neonatal intensive care admission, respiratory and growth issu...
Two new studies examine the health risks of antenatal steroid treatment for premature infants, revealing increased risk of serious infection and long-term health issues. The findings emphasize the need for doctors to exercise caution when considering steroid treatment.
Researchers at Insilico Medicine discovered novel inhibitors for salt-inducible kinase 2 (SIK2), a potential target for anti-inflammation and anti-cancer therapy. The findings were published in the July 13 edition of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, demonstrating the power of Insilico's Pharma.AI platform.
A recent study found that the cGAS/STING molecular signaling pathway plays a critical role in driving chronic inflammation and functional decline during aging. By blocking STING, researchers were able to suppress inflammatory responses and improve tissue function, leading to enhancements in spatial and associative memory.
Scientists analyzed DNA from fecal samples to study the reproductive behavior of northern muriquis, an endangered primate species. They found that females tend to mate with males having diverse MHC genes, which may provide offspring protection against pathogens.
The James Webb Space Telescope has captured a new image of the 'El Gordo' galaxy cluster, revealing dusty objects and distorted background galaxies. Gravitational lensing provides a unique window into the distant universe, allowing scientists to study star formation history and assembly of galaxies.
Researchers developed a microfluidic platform harnessing acoustic radiation force to manipulate droplets in air, achieving jump heights of up to 128mm. The platform allows for control over the direction and movement of droplets, enabling potential applications in scientific experiments and three-dimensional displays.
A new statistical tool, two-step synthetic control, allows managers and policymakers to estimate effects they previously couldn't accurately. The study found that this method estimated a more modest increase in weekly tampon sales after New York's repeal, better matching actual sales figures.
Researchers sequenced einkorn wheat's genome, tracing its evolutionary history and identifying resilient properties that can be reintroduced into modern bread wheat. The study's findings provide insight into human migration and settlement, as well as potential solutions to protect the world's food supply.
A study by the University of the Basque Country found that secondary school students have limited knowledge of biosphere reserves, marshes, and bird migration. However, students from rural areas and those who participated in primary school bird-related projects showed better understanding of local biodiversity.
Researchers at UC San Diego report new direct evidence of atrophy and fibrosis in pelvic floor muscles of women with symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse. They also showed that an acellular injectable skeletal muscle extracellular matrix hydrogel reduces the negative impact of simulated birth injury on rat pelvic floor muscles.
A multicenter team has identified three risk biomarkers for chronic graft-versus-host-disease, which can be measured at 90 days after transplantation. These markers include MMP3, DKK3, and CXCL9, which are associated with fibrosis, inflammation, and immune cell attraction.
A study published in Computer in Human Behavior found that people experience emotions and perceive intentions when viewing computer-generated artworks. Participants rated human-made art more positively than AI-generated art, even if they were told the latter was created by a person.
Researchers developed a computational technique to quickly design and evaluate cellular metamaterial structures with unique properties. The new interface enables users to explore the entire space of potential shapes, allowing for faster development of complex materials.
Stanford researchers developed a technique to boost PeLEDs' brightness and efficiency, but it comes at the cost of reduced lifespan. The additive doubles efficiency and triples brightness, extending lifespans from under 1 minute to 37 minutes.
A new drug formulation designed for treating children with HIV has shown safety, tolerability, and effectiveness in a study published in The Lancet HIV. The formulation contains three medications and was found to suppress HIV levels below 200 copies/mL in 98% of participants.
Researchers used supercomputers to predict the spatial distributions of charges, momentum, and other properties of 'up' and 'down' quarks within protons. The results revealed key differences in the characteristics of the up and down quarks, implying different contributions to the proton's fundamental properties.
A study of 6.3 million US older adults found the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine associated with a slightly lower risk of several adverse events, possibly due to improved protection against COVID-19. Future research should consider frailty in assessing vaccine performance and formally disentangle differences in safety and effectiveness.
Researchers developed a comprehensive toolkit of fruit fly COVID-19 resources (DCR) to study viral and human protein interactions, aiming to develop therapies for long-COVID symptoms. The toolkit enables systematic global analysis of in vivo interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and human cells.
Researchers developed a new method to estimate soil organic carbon stocks in agricultural fields, reducing the number of samples needed by 30%. The approach uses doubly balanced sampling and accounts for auxiliary information available in elevation maps, satellite images, and previous surveys. By improving soil sampling efficiency, thi...
A chemical process used by cooks to create flavors and aromas is believed to have helped create conditions for complex life to evolve on Earth. The Maillard reaction, also known as the browning of food, converts small molecules into larger ones that are harder for microorganisms to break down.
A Neolithic necklace found on a child's grave in Jordan provides new insights into the social complexity of the time. The analysis of colorful stone and shell materials, amber beads, and other adornments reveals intricate craftsmanship and trade networks.
A study published in Neurology found that Black people are underrepresented in specialty memory care clinics and more likely to have advanced dementia upon initial evaluation. The disparity is linked to neighborhood disadvantage, with patients from less affluent neighborhoods having fewer opportunities for healthcare access.
A novel catalyst design approach converts waste plastics into valuable monomers using photothermal catalysis fueled by clean solar energy. The integrated c-ZIF-8@SiO2 catalyst exhibits high stability and efficiency in upcycling PET into chemicals, promoting green and sustainable development.
A new study from WashU Medicine reveals that patients from underrepresented groups and lower socioeconomic neighborhoods are less likely to receive specialized dementia care. Black patients are also more likely to be diagnosed with advanced-stage dementia, exacerbating healthcare disparities.
Researchers have created self-assembling protein-mimics that can selectivity transport water across membranes while rejecting salts, offering a potential solution to improve energy efficiency in industrial water purification. The oligourea foldamers are smaller and more stable than existing artificial water channels.
A recent study involving over 500 participants found that humans can only detect speech deepfakes 73% of the time. While training participants showed minimal effects, automated detectors performed better and were comparable to human detection abilities.
Researchers found that invasive red swamp crayfish populations in Japan developed genetic changes enhancing cold resistance, including changes in the protective outer layer and peptidase inhibitors. These findings provide insights into molecular mechanisms of invasive species and may have potential medical applications.
Researchers aim to treat pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by targeting amino acid transporter SLC6A14 and compensatory nutrient scavenging mechanisms autophagy and macropinocytosis. Using alpha-methyl-L-tryptophan and hydroxychlorquine, the study seeks to improve therapeutic outcomes in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Researchers found a novel region in the genome associated with spontaneous control of HIV in populations of African ancestries. CHD1L, a protein involved in DNA repair, shows genetic variation specific to these populations and limits HIV replication in white blood cells.
A study on compound weather and climate extremes in the Sichuan-Chongqing region reveals increased risk of wildfires, flash floods, and mudslides. The research emphasizes the need for understanding and predicting these events to mitigate their impacts on human health, energy, agriculture, industry, and emergency response.
Research reveals high transmission rate of E. coli cells between cohabiting hosts, leading to similar evolutionary events and microbiome species composition. Social interactions play a crucial role in shaping adaptive evolution of new gut bacteria strains.
The study reveals that metallic lithium forms a rhombic dodecahedron in the absence of corrosion, which could lead to safer lithium-metal batteries with increased performance. The researchers developed a new technique for depositing lithium faster than corrosion forms, allowing them to observe this unique shape.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine developed a non-opioid designer molecule to calm hyperactive pain-sensing neurons, showing promising results in preclinical studies. The novel drug effectively reversed neuropathic pain signs without cardiac side effects or sedation.
A team of scientists has successfully elucidated the structure and function of LITE-1, a biomolecule used by Caenorhabditis elegans to detect danger. The researchers used artificial intelligence to predict the structure of LITE-1, which is a channel protein that forms a pore in the cell membrane allowing charged particles to pass through.