Scripps Oceanography researchers developed a machine learning method to separate fish chorusing sounds from the overall ocean noise, enabling faster analysis and identification. The 'SoundScape Learning' technique can be applied to other soundscapes to learn more about animals like frogs, birds, and bats.
A new study finds that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), lithium, and clozapine may reduce suicide rates in adolescent men with severe mental illness. The study suggests that early intervention with medico-psychiatric treatment can lower suicide rates among late-teenage boys.
A recent analysis found that TikTok health information videos on Mpox are often inaccurate, incomplete, and of poor quality. This poses significant risks to public health, particularly during outbreaks.
Researchers developed an acid-based electrochemical process to convert CO2 captured from emission sources or air into multicarbon products such as ethylene and ethanol. The new method improves energy efficiency by twofold compared to previous benchmarks.
A team led by Xueyan Song at West Virginia University has created an oxide ceramic material that solves a longstanding efficiency problem plaguing thermoelectric generators. The breakthrough achieved record-high performance, opening up new research directions to further increase performance and enabling large-scale waste heat recovery.
Scientists used rare isotopes to study erosion rates in the Andes Mountains, finding that sediments eroded from high mountain watersheds were shielded from cosmic rays for at least 7-15 thousand years. This helps predict where future landslides might occur and understand landslide risks.
Researchers discover that inhibiting a gene crucial for DNA production can significantly reduce destructive cell proliferation and disease progression in pulmonary hypertension. This finding presents a potential treatment target for the condition, which affects females aged 30-60 with limited treatment options.
A study by Universitat Rovira i Virgili's SeesLab research group shows machine learning algorithms may not always find interpretable models from data due to fundamental limitations. The importance of noise in data is highlighted, making it impossible to discover the correct model when variability is high.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan found that Chinese farmers use online marketing to connect with consumers, an approach not widely adopted in BC. The study suggests that targeted education, research, and public investments can improve the resilience of agricultural climate adaptation in both countries.
A global maternal Strep B vaccination program could avert over 200,000 cases and more than 31,000 deaths, as well as reduce disability in children. The study found that a one-dose vaccine program could cost $1.7 billion globally, while saving $385 million in healthcare costs.
A new molecular testing device has been developed to identify individuals with high hypnotizability, who are most likely to benefit from hypnosis interventions for pain treatment. The test detected a subset of highly hypnotizable individuals with high levels of postoperative pain.
A new method for estimating sound direction using monaural cues has been proposed by researchers at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. The approach uses modulation in the frequency spectrum of the received signal to detect the signal direction, achieving accurate estimates even with human monaural hearing.
A study by University of Georgia researchers found that revised prescription labels with explicit instructions can dramatically improve medication adherence to antihypertension medications, contraceptives, and asthma controllers. This improvement was seen in patients taking these medications, including those with asthma, hypertension, ...
Researchers have found evidence of cheesemaking and curd-enriching dairy processing in Late Neolithic Poland using ceramic residues. The study reveals the use of multiple dairy species, contradicting widespread lactose intolerance in Europe during this period.
Researchers developed an algorithm using quantum computing to study amine reactions and find new compounds for carbon capture. The algorithm can quickly screen thousands of molecules and structures, vital for practical applications in fields like carbon capture.
Researchers developed an in situ technique to observe material behavior under various stresses, including shear stress. This allows for precise understanding of how materials respond and identify preferred slip planes.
A new study found that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a long-lasting impact on adolescent mental health and substance use, with increased depressive symptoms and negative effects observed up to two years into the pandemic. Parental social support and adequate sleep duration were associated with better mental health outcomes.
A new study by Tufts University researchers has identified a small molecule, Compound 350, that may help treat people with epilepsy whose condition has become resistant to traditional anti-seizure drugs. The compound was found to reduce seizure activity in rodents with drug-resistant seizures and lower brain cell death.
A large study of over 1 million women found DBT had a higher breast cancer detection rate and lower false positive rates compared to 2D digital mammography. The results suggest that DBT may be the more effective screening method for early breast cancer detection.
Scientists have developed a model that estimates adult emergence periods and identifies migratory populations of the yellow-spined bamboo locust based on ovarian development. The study provides key information for predicting pest occurrences and highlights the importance of considering reproductive system development in sustainable pes...
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have created soft robots that can transition from walking to swimming, crawling to rolling, or jumping. The robots use highly dynamic bistable soft actuators made of shape-memory alloy springs that react to electrical currents, allowing for varied locomotion and adaptability.
Researchers found that xanthine, a purine metabolite found in caffeinated foods, drives Th17 cell differentiation through endoplasmic reticulum stress in intestinal epithelial cells. This discovery may help understand how diseases like IBD develop and potentially lead to new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers developed a dark current model for thick perovskite X-ray detectors, finding that thermionic-emission and generation-recombination currents are key contributors. The study reveals the importance of suppressing generation-recombination current due to hetero-band mismatch and interface defects.
Researchers at NIST have developed a real-time technique to noninvasively count the number of live cells in a 3D artificial scaffold, meeting an unmet need in tissue engineering. The method uses optical coherence tomography and is label-free, reducing time and cost compared to earlier methods.
Physicists at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider detect sequential dissociation of three distinct upsilon variations in a hot quark-gluon plasma, offering evidence for 'deconfinement.' The findings help scientists better understand the properties of the QGP and its temperature.
A team of dermatologists developed an AI model to detect complications from bacterial or viral infections in atopic dermatitis patients. The model distinguishes between eczema and skin lesions caused by blood cancer, improving patient management and health outcomes.
Researchers developed noninvasive imaging technology that creates 3D maps of uterine contractions in real-time, offering new insights into preterm birth and labor. The technology can track changes through progressive contractions and may help identify ways to prevent preterm birth.
Researchers found that GIPFA-085, a long-acting GIPRA, acutely inhibited feeding and lowered body weight in diet-induced obese mice. The hormone increased plasma leptin levels and activated satiety neurons, facilitating fat utilization and reducing body weight gain.
Princeton Chemist Salvatore Torquato and astrophysicist Oliver Philcox applied statistical mechanics to find similarities in galaxy distribution across length scales. They used new descriptors to characterize structural data, revealing a correlated disorder in the spatial relationships between galaxies.
Researchers developed a non-invasive imaging tool to create real-time images of uterine contractions during labor. The electromyometrial imaging (EMMI) technique provides detailed information on contraction patterns, which can help improve labor management and clinical decision-making.
Researchers found that Minneapolis youth who participated in restorative justice diversion were less likely to experience re-arrest than those processed through the traditional juvenile justice system. The study demonstrates the positive impact of this approach and highlights its potential to reduce racial disparities.
A study by researchers from the University of Cambridge found that robots can be a useful tool to promote mental wellbeing in the workplace. The experiment used two different robot wellbeing coaches, with participants showing a better connection and positive perception with a toy-like robot compared to a humanoid-like robot.
A new clinical review provides an overview of endometriosis causes, diagnosis, and management based on the latest evidence. The review aims to help clinicians and patients understand this complex condition, which affects approximately 1 in 10 women of reproductive age.
Research suggests that high blood caffeine levels are associated with lower weight and body fat, as well as a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. The study used Mendelian randomisation to explore the potential effects of caffeine on these outcomes.
Researchers created a new mouse model of Down syndrome with milder cognitive traits, showing promise for developing precise treatments. The study's findings may help address the limitations of previous models and improve cognitive function in individuals with Down syndrome.
Researchers have identified early warning signs of Antarctic ice shelf collapse prior to the 2002 Larsen B collapse. The study suggests that widespread flow acceleration and frequent small-iceberg calving may serve as precursors to destabilization, controlled by both atmospheric and oceanic warming anomalies.
A research team at Osaka Metropolitan University has developed a technique to directly observe changes in the electronic state of light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) during electroluminescence. This breakthrough enables improvements in luminous efficiency, paving the way for more efficient and reliable OLEDs and LECs.
A series of simulations have enabled researchers to probe the heterogeneous structure of the universe by treating galaxy distribution as a collection of points. The study reveals that on large scales, the universe approaches hyperuniformity, while on smaller scales it becomes almost antihyperuniform and strongly inhomogeneous.
A new study by University of Stirling scientists found that growing edible mushrooms alongside trees can produce a valuable food source for millions of people while capturing carbon. The approach incentivizes tree planting and reduces the need for deforestation to make way for crops, mitigating the impact of climate change.
A recent study confirmed that a record-high temperature recorded in October 2021 would have been extremely unlikely to occur without the influence of global warming. The team quantified how often such heatwaves may occur during future fall seasons under different greenhouse gas emission scenarios.
A study found that malaria parasites invest more in sexual reproduction and less in asexual replication during low-transmission environments. Low LPC levels in human blood plasma are associated with increased gametocyte production and transmission.
A pooled data analysis of available evidence shows that sticking closely to a Mediterranean diet cuts a woman's risks of cardiovascular disease and death by nearly 25%. The study, which included over 700,000 women, found lower risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in those who followed the diet most closely.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a propeller design optimisation method that paves the way for quiet, efficient electric aviation. The new design can reduce noise emissions by up to 5-8 dBA, comparable to going from a normal conversation voice to a quiet room.
A study reveals an extremely long tail on a bacteriophage that allows it to infect tough bacteria in hot springs. The 'Rapunzel' virus has a nearly 1-micrometer-long tail and uses a unique 'ball and socket' mechanism for stability.
A recent study reveals that climate change has led to an increase in Bald Eagle populations, which are now forming a relationship with dairy farmers in northwestern Washington State. In exchange for the eagles' services such as carcass removal and pest-deterrence, dairy farmers reap benefits from the eagles' presence.
Research reveals that individuals with OCD exhibit lower-than-normal learning rates when rewards are less than expected, while those with problem gambling display boosted learning from high rewards and blunted learning from low rewards. This study highlights the benefits of using neurocomputational approaches to understand psychiatric ...
Scientists discover human-associated microbes in soil samples from Mount Everest's South Col, highlighting the impact of tourism on high-altitude environments. The findings also shed light on the potential for life beyond Earth, particularly on Mars and other cold moons.
Researchers from Universität Leipzig have developed a molecular sensor system to detect when and where adhesion GPCRs break apart, activating receptors and transmitting biochemical signals. The breakthrough could lead to the development of drugs targeting these receptors for treating various diseases.
A team of scientists has identified Myo5b as a potential genetic driver of uterine corpus endometrial cancer (UCEC), a fourth deadliest cancer in women. Elevated levels of Myo5B were found in UCEC samples, suggesting its role in transporting nutrient-absorbing transporters to the surface of cancer cells.
Researchers developed a novel 3D printed nano optical security label with 33 possible combinations, utilizing higher dimensional structured light and incoherent white light illumination. This technology has the potential to revolutionize anti-counterfeiting methods and provide a powerful platform for advanced information security.
A new study assessing One Health Networks globally reveals that investment has not been equitably distributed, with low diversity in stakeholder and sector representation. The study highlights the need for more inclusive and equitable partnerships to address pressing global health threats.
A new NASA-led study confirms that major droughts and pluvials have been occurring more often due to climate change. The global total intensity of extreme events increased from 2002 to 2021, mirroring Earth's rising temperatures. This has significant economic and human impacts, especially in poor neighborhoods and developing nations.
Researchers analyzed ancient Wari pottery to understand how the empire spread its aesthetic. They found that potters across the empire created their own ceramics, decorated in traditional Wari style, with distinct chemical signatures from different regions. This bottom-up approach highlights local agency and economies' importance.
A study published in Journal of Mammalogy reveals that Nara Park deer have a distinct genetic lineage preserved for over 1,400 years due to their protected status. The research found three genetic groups, with one group showing a unique haplotype indicating minimal gene flow.
The European Platform for Neurodegenerative Diseases has launched its Cohort Catalogue, featuring an extensive list of international cohorts across the neurodegeneration disease spectrum. Researchers can search and filter cohorts by metadata characteristics to discover relevant studies and initiate new collaborations.
High concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected in intertidal sands of the Wadden Sea. ROS inhibit microbial activity, reducing mineralization processes such as aerobic respiration and sulfate reduction, but their removal boosts microbial growth.
A recent study found that US zip codes in extreme socioeconomic disadvantage have limited access to accredited medical imaging facilities and centers of excellence. This lack of access can lead to delayed or missed diagnoses, exacerbating existing health disparities.
Researchers from China conducted a comprehensive review of dual therapy (DT) for H. pylori eradication, highlighting its high efficacy and patient compliance with minimal adverse events. High-dose DT administered over 14 days has emerged as the most effective treatment option.
Researchers at Hokkaido University discovered itaconate's modulatory effect on T helper and T regulatory cells, potentially leading to new treatments for autoimmune diseases. The study found that itaconate inhibits Th17 cell differentiation and promotes Treg cell development, reducing disease symptoms in mice models.
A recent study analyzes Twitter conspiracy theories about Bill Gates' role in the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing they are highly dynamic and interconnected. The findings suggest that believing one conspiracy theory can reinforce another, leading to increased sharing behaviors online.