A new study found that an alternative model to identify patients with lung cancer eligible for screening was more accurate than the currently used method based on the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria. The PLCOm2012 models had higher sensitivity and identified more people with lung cancer eligible for scree...
Researchers discovered a new role for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in a pathway activated by interferon-gamma that leads to cancer cell death. Hyperactivation of ERK causes stress in cells, triggering cell death through specific proteins DR5 and NOXA.
The University of Louisville is increasing training for medical students in rural communities and West Louisville to prepare them for primary care careers. The grant will enhance programs that attract and train physicians to practice in medically underserved regions.
A Singaporean study found that unvaccinated COVID-19 survivors are at a heightened risk of heart complications almost a year after recovery. The study revealed a 56% higher risk of developing new heart complications among unvaccinated survivors compared to uninfected individuals.
The ISOOS system uses a smart carrier as the mobile base and control center, connecting multiple UAVs, USVs, and AUVs for simultaneous 3D observation of targeted regions. This enables fast mapping of ocean floor and studying submesoscale eddies, previously difficult to access due to variability in space and time.
A study using data from over 10,000 UK participants found that young children with warm parental relationships tend to display more socially-desirable behaviors like kindness, empathy and generosity. This association holds even after accounting for mental health factors.
Researchers found that training expectant mothers can improve their ability to recognize happy baby expressions, leading to fewer signs of depression. This new approach aims to promote healthier emotional development for both mother and child.
A major European study found that almost all patients with skin diseases face embarrassment, leading to a huge psychological toll. The study also revealed that stigmatization is a major impact of skin diseases on personal and professional life.
Researchers found that antidepressant escitalopram increases synaptic density in the brain over weeks, leading to greater brain plasticity. This explains why effects of antidepressants take time to kick-in, with significant differences in synapse density between treatment and placebo groups.
A recent study by Southern Cross University found nearly twice as much nitrogen enters the Great Barrier Reef from groundwater than river waters, highlighting the need for a new perspective in preserving its health. The research suggests that managing nutrients is crucial in preventing harmful algal blooms and other detrimental issues.
A team of researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory developed a framework for designing solid-state batteries with mechanics in mind. They highlighted the critical role of material properties and mechanical stressors in affecting SSBs during cycling, and proposed techniques to make electrolytes more ductile and anodes more stable.
Researchers found that combining alkaline pretreatment and air mixing improves methane yield kinetics and solids removal in co-digestion processes. This synergy promises even greater methane production and enhanced waste management efficiency.
Recent research highlights the excellent electrochemical performance of critical 3D printing materials in rechargeable batteries. The study outlines the typical characteristics of major 3D printing methods used in fabricating electrochemical energy storage devices and discusses crucial materials for 3D printing of rechargeable batterie...
Researchers develop novel combinatorial treatment strategy to reduce and overcome chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan's inhibitory effects on neuronal regeneration. The approach stimulates a good measure of recovery in paralyzed rats, paving the way for clinical translation.
A team of scientists constructed micro-mesoporous metal-organic framework and carbon nanotube-based composite catalysts showing excellent oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic activity. The presence of MNx sites was found responsible for the enhanced electrocatalytic activity.
Researchers simulated co-gasification of wood chip and potato peel to produce syngas, showing a positive synergistic interaction that increases carbon conversion efficiency. The study demonstrates the feasibility of this method for valorizing organic waste into valuable bioproducts while addressing environmental sustainability challenges.
The study reveals the genetic regulatory network underlying poplar leaf development, highlighting key transcription factors and miRNAs involved in leaf growth and senescence. The researchers identified a core regulatory network centered around MYB5, which plays a crucial role in regulating pigment synthesis and leaf development.
Researchers used AlphaFold technology to reveal the structure and function of pineapple's SWEET10 protein, a glucose transporter. The study found that SWEET10 has similar glucose transport capabilities as Arabidopsis SWEET8, with potential applications for improving crop yield and quality.
A study comparing exercise and antidepressants found that both treatments have similar benefits for mental health but exercise improved physical health markers. However, patients struggled to stick with the exercise routine due to higher drop-out rates.
African Americans at increased risk of kidney disease due to genetic mutation now have a protective genetic mutation that eliminates the risk. The study found that medicines blocking the hole in kidney cells are likely to be effective treatment options.
A 312-million-year-old fossil found in the Carboniferous Rhode Island Formation provides evidence of how internal feeding, known as leaf mining, may have originated. The discovery sheds light on the evolution and behavior of holometabolous insects, including modern-day moths, beetles, flies, and wasps.
Researchers developed a model demonstrating that chasing interactions can induce dynamical patterns in bacterial organization. The structure becomes visible on a higher level, without requiring adhesion or alignment.
A recent study found that integrated clinics can improve health outcomes and reduce costs for patients with multiple chronic conditions. The INTE-Africa study showed that retention rates were close to 90% and viral suppression rates remained unchanged, highlighting the benefits of integrating HIV and non-communicable disease care.
A new study from North Carolina State University finds that freshwater insects lack metabolic responses to salinity, unlike other aquatic animals like crustaceans and snails. Insects' constant metabolism in saline environments may be due to low demand for calcium, which can be toxic to them.
Researchers identified the integration site pattern of lentiviral gene therapies in patient cells, shedding light on treatment safety and efficacy. The study found that integration near nuclear pores is associated with improved safety and effectiveness, avoiding oncogene regions where earlier technologies failed.
A new RAND Corporation study reveals that drug overdose deaths have surged among Americans without a college education, nearly doubling over a three-year period. The findings highlight the potential association between the rise in overdose deaths and barriers to education access, a social determinant of health.
Scientists have developed perovskite photovoltaic cells with significantly improved optoelectronic properties using nanoimprinting method. The structure reduces optical losses and enables cheaper production on a large scale.
The labor force participation and employment-to-population ratio have remained relatively stable for people with disabilities, holding steady at all-time highs over the summer and into early autumn. In contrast, percentages for people without disabilities may have maxed out at their pre-pandemic baseline.
High-throughput terahertz imaging has made significant progress, enabling real-time imaging applications. Computational methods such as digital holography, spatial encoding, and diffractive processing have improved image resolution and capabilities.
A study in Frontiers in Psychology found that unconscious 'crossmodal' associations with our sense of smell can distort perception of colors. Participants adjusted sliders to change the color of a square, but their choices were influenced by the odor they smelled, such as perceiving coffee as a reddish-brown color instead of neutral grey.
Researchers have discovered that midbody remnants, thought to be cellular trash, contain working genetic material that can change the fate of other cells, including turning them into cancer. The study suggests that these remnants may play a key role in spreading cancer throughout the body.
A new study from the University of Delaware uses machine learning and social media reviews to show environmental injustices in urban green spaces. The research found that neighborhoods with predominantly white, college-educated residents have a disproportionate access to higher quality parks.
Research reveals that faster placental growth increases the risk of preeclampsia and shorter pregnancy duration. Genetic variations affecting placental size also influence baby weight and mother's health.
A multicenter clinical trial found that high-dose inhaled nitric oxide improved oxygenation and reduced the risk of sensory and motor neurologic symptoms in adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The treatment was also linked to lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 in the blood and sputum.
A new study from Queen Mary University of London found that people may experience long-term symptoms after acute respiratory infections, such as coughing, stomach pain, and diarrhea. Researchers believe these symptoms may be related to COVID-19, but further research is needed to establish the cause.
The Cabo Verde Atmospheric Observatory is expanding with a new laboratory building on São Vicente, thanks to €3 million in funding from the German government. The facility will enhance international climate research capabilities in the tropical Atlantic.
A retrospective cohort study found COVID-19 substantially increases risk for autoimmune and autoinflammatory connective tissue disorders. Long-term management of COVID-19 patients should include evaluation for these disorders.
Researchers found that the thalamus is involved in the adaptation of the adult visual system, with plasticity taking place in both the thalamus and cortex. This discovery has implications for understanding learning disabilities and therapies, suggesting a different approach may be needed to treat conditions like lazy eye.
Researchers have developed a new technique for manufacturing 3D microlens arrays using holographic fs-laser processing-assisted wet-etching technology. This method offers high precision, efficiency, and versatility, enabling the fabrication of complex 3D patterns with high fidelity.
Scientists discovered a key regulator that balances X chromosome genes between male and female mosquitoes, which could help develop new ways to prevent the spread of malaria. The finding sheds light on how mosquitoes compensate for having only one X chromosome, offering potential strategies to reduce blood-sucking female mosquitoes.
Previous studies suggest that psychedelics can induce an altered state of consciousness leading to new thought patterns, which is promising in treating OCD. Research analyzing the experience of past users found dissipation of obsessive thoughts, reduced anxiety, and increased acceptance of OCD symptoms.
Researchers found preserved molecular fragments of the pigment phaeomelanin in 10-million-year-old frog fossils, which could help reconstruct ancient animal colors. This discovery may be a first step towards understanding the evolution of toxic phaeomelanin.
Researchers analyzed an ancient stalagmite from a Grand Canyon cave to understand the relationship between global warming and the strength of the North American Monsoon. They found that increasing moisture during the early Holocene period may lead to greater summer rainfall on the Colorado Plateau and intensifying monsoons in the future.
Scientists propose that pulsars could detect dark matter by observing a subtle additional glow. If axions are produced in strong electromagnetic fields around pulsars, they could convert into observable light.
Researchers discuss lurbinectedin as a method to treat neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), with encouraging results from phase II basket studies demonstrating activity in platinum-sensitive relapsed SCLC and other malignancies. Lurbinectedin's mechanism of action involves inhibiting oncogenic transcription, promoting apoptosis and cell death.
A new study led by UCL researchers finds that integrated health care for chronic high-burden conditions like diabetes and hypertension is feasible and cost-effective. The study showed that integrated care was associated with high levels of retention in care, no adverse effect on viral suppression among people with HIV, and cost-saving ...
A Swedish study finds that fathers' parental leave is associated with a 34% decrease in alcohol-related hospitalizations among fathers, as well as smaller decreases over time. The policy change led to increased fathers' use of parental leave, which may explain the observed health benefits.
A Rutgers study found diverse firearm owning communities across five states, including varying levels of risk for injury and death. States like Mississippi and Texas showed more dangerous behavior, while New Jersey residents were less likely to grow up in homes with firearms or use them unsafely.
A University of Basel study reveals that high levels of arginine drive metabolic reprogramming to promote tumor growth. The findings suggest targeting the specific arginine-binding factor for effective liver cancer treatment.
Researchers developed a simple, one-step method for creating large-area liquid crystal microlens arrays (LC-MLAs) with high focusing quality. The LC-MLAs demonstrate polarization-dependent, electrically tunable properties, allowing for adjustable focal length and image depth control.
A team of New York University computer scientists created a neural network that can explain how it reaches its predictions, shedding light on the intricacies of RNA splicing. The breakthrough reveals how a small, hairpin-like structure in RNA can decrease splicing and provides new insights into the transfer of genomic information.
A recent study by UTHealth Houston found that the offspring of adolescent and young adult women with a history of cancer face a higher risk of birth defects. The study examined 6,882 offspring ages 12 months and younger and found an increased risk of specific types of defects in the offspring of women with a history of cancer.
A survey of 1,373 physicians reveals a growing trend of physician burnout, which could compromise patient care. The study highlights the urgent need for solutions to address this critical issue affecting the healthcare sector.
A team of scientists has successfully caught fast-moving hydrogen atoms within ammonia molecules using ultrafast electron diffraction. They observed the motion of hydrogen atoms and captured the associated change in the molecule's structure as it evolved, providing insights into proton transfers.
Researchers developed a wearable device to track bipolar disorder patients' skin electrical activity, detecting manic and depressed phases. The study aims to improve diagnosis and treatment with personalized, rapid interventions.
A team of researchers from KIST and KAIST developed a soft robotic gripper that can lift objects weighing over 100 kg using only 130 grams of material. The gripper's woven structure is inspired by textiles and achieves high performance, cost-effectiveness, and process efficiency.
A new study analyzing over 3,000 women found that more than half of rape survivors had no detectable anogenital injuries, despite being examined by experts. The research challenges the myth that physical violence is always present in rape cases, highlighting the need to support survivors and challenge cultural attitudes towards reporti...
A Texas A&M University team, led by Dr. Terri Pantuso, is developing an open-access writing curriculum to prepare high school students for college-level English courses. The project aims to improve TSI readiness and incorporates digital instructional tools, AI-powered learning resources, and intervention strategies.
Osaka Metropolitan University scientists have developed a super-efficient laser light-induced detection method that reduces detection time from hours to minutes. The technique allows for ultrafast and ultrasensitive measurement of biological nanoparticles, including exosomes, with diameters of 50–150 nm.
Researchers discovered a non-invasive eye exam that can detect early signs of cognitive decline and cerebral small vessel disease, a major contributor to vascular dementia. The study found connections between altered retinal blood flow and changes in brain structure associated with the condition.