A research team at DGIST has developed a new approach to protect the surface of quantum dots using non-polar solvents and covalent ligands, significantly reducing defects and improving efficiency and long-term stability in perovskite quantum dot solar cells. This breakthrough enhances the commercialization of applicable materials.
USC faculty members will lead a $20 million research initiative to inform government regulations on tobacco products and marketing, focusing on protecting young people from the harm of e-cigarettes and other nicotine products. The study aims to gather evidence to prevent harm and promote public health.
A 32-year study of 820 adults found high blood pressure variability in late life increased dementia risk, but had little effect on midlife risk. The results suggest blood pressure variability may be a key indicator of dementia risk in older age.
A new study finds that heat-related cardiovascular deaths may more than double in the US by the middle of the century, with elderly and Black adults being most at risk. The projections suggest that reducing greenhouse gas emissions can mitigate this impact, but infrastructure interventions such as increasing tree cover may also be effe...
Researchers found that using natural hazards instead of disasters increases intentions to prepare and actual behavior, suggesting a potential solution to improve public response. The study suggests that the terms 'natural hazard' and 'natural disaster' have little impact on key perceptions.
Research identifies specific gut bacteria that increase risk of severe malaria in humans and mice, sparking new approaches targeting gut microbiota. The study's findings could lead to prevention strategies for severe malaria-related deaths.
A McLean Hospital study found that nearly 600 individuals trained in trauma-informed care reported significant gains in knowledge and improvements to organizational policies. However, the study's findings suggest that lasting changes may require more time and involve larger-scale organizational transformations.
A new project aims to help robots assess risks and make autonomous decisions. The research focuses on quantifying ambiguity in robot perception to improve safety and efficiency.
A new monitoring system uses radio waves to track changes in a room's nuclear weapons stockpile, providing a secure way to verify compliance with disarmament treaties. The system combines cyber-physical security assessments with cross-system physics to enable new levels of trust in the Internet of Things.
A new antibody created by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers may offer an effective treatment for some breast cancers. The antibody targets the PTPRD enzyme, which is overabundant in certain breast cancers and helps them spread.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a method to increase oxygen stability of [FeFe] hydrogenase enzyme using site-directed mutagenesis, electrochemistry, X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulations. Blockages in dynamic water channels near the H-cluster were found to improve oxygen resistance.
A new jet stream has been discovered in Jupiter's upper atmosphere by the James Webb Space Telescope, showing winds reaching speeds of up to 500 km/h. The discovery provides new insights into the atmospheric dynamics of gas giants and could shed light on global temperature variations.
A recent study reveals that the Denisovan genetic variant affects zinc regulation and may have provided an evolutionary advantage for our ancestors' adaptation to the cold. This variation has been associated with a greater predisposition to mental health disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety-related conditions.
Researchers developed an environmental risk score to assess ALS risk and survival using a blood sample, associating several individual pollutants with disease risk. A mixture of pesticides in the blood significantly increased ALS risk, with those in the highest group having twice the risk as those in the lowest.
The Society for Neuroscience recognizes five neuroscientists for their innovative approaches to educating the public about neuroscience. Angel Kaur, Christian Bravo-Rivera, and Kelly Lambert are among this year's recipients of the Science Education and Outreach Awards.
Researchers have found that targeting protein eIF4A with the small molecule drug Zotatifin can suppress tumor cell proliferation and remodel the immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer. The promising findings support pursuing clinical trials to assess the potential patient benefits of this approach.
Researchers developed a new method that allows designing 3D-printed metal parts with varying strength levels, electrical conductivity, or corrosion resistance. The technique uses 3D-printing steps and can reduce manufacturing costs.
The SLAS Technology October 2023 issue focuses on reducing laboratory automation waste through machine learning and novel systems. Researchers adapt technological advancements for life sciences exploration and experimentation, enabling improved biomedical research and development.
A recent study found that three freshwater fish species, including the buffalofish, have known lifespans greater than 100 years, which could open doors to aging studies across disciplines. The research reveals unique insights into the species' longevity and potential implications for gerontology.
A study of over 50 years found that excessive weight gain during pregnancy is associated with greater postpartum weight retention and increased risks of pregnancy complications and death. The researchers estimated associations between gestational weight gain and loss and mortality, including all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease.
The study reveals that race and ethnicity, as well as neighborhood disadvantage, are significantly associated with hearing-related quality of life in deaf or hard-of-hearing children. In older children over 13 years, neighborhood disadvantage has the broadest impact on their overall well-being.
Over the last 20 years, children are more likely to be treated at specialized children's hospitals rather than general hospitals, according to a new study. The shift has significant implications for hospital capacity needs and high-quality child-specific transport systems.
A new analysis from Penn researchers projects a significant increase in US cardiovascular deaths due to extreme heat over the next four decades. Older adults and Black adults will experience greater increases in excess cardiovascular deaths due to extreme heat, according to the study.
A study by Washington State University found that viewing objectified images of female fitness influencers can negatively impact mental health, especially among younger women. However, a positive message such as 'Love your body' can mitigate this harm and boost self-compassion in the short term.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati Cancer Center found that SmartClips, a wireless localization method for breast tumors, is safe and effective. The devices reduce patient discomfort and improve surgery efficiency by allowing surgeons to locate tumors more accurately.
Research by George Mason University found that women with physical disabilities have lower cervical cancer screening rates, highlighting the need for improved access to preventive health services. The study's findings also reveal disparities in screening rates among different types of disabilities.
The Society for Neuroscience recognizes eight early-career researchers for their innovative research in touch sensation and spatial navigation. Yusuke Hirabayashi receives the Jennifer N. Bourne Prize in Brain Ultrastructure for developing specialized microscopy techniques to study organelle interactions and calcium dynamics.
A team of researchers at Tampere University and Eastern Washington University used weather records to validate the effectiveness of musical characteristics in enhancing data interpretation. The study found that musical sounds can be a powerful complement to traditional data visualization methods.
A recent study found that people living in areas with high levels of fine particulate matter have a 56% greater risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The Mississippi-Ohio River Valley and parts of Texas, Kansas, and eastern Michigan were identified as regions with higher rates of the disease.
A HKU engineering team has achieved a major breakthrough in battery technology by developing a high-performance quasi-solid-state magnesium-ion (Mg-ion) battery. The new design offers a sustainable, safe, and high-energy-density alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries.
Recent research on adolescent stereotypes highlights the importance of avoiding one-size-fits-all assumptions across cultures, instead emphasizing social constructions and cultural variation. The article discusses the findings and their implications for policy and societal change.
A study in mice shows that exposure to pollutant mixtures increases health damage and suggests selenium can mitigate this effect by activating antioxidant defenses. Selenium was found to reduce molecular damage caused by the pollutants.
Researchers at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona developed a wireless device that induces magnetism in non-magnetic cobalt nitride layers using electrical voltage. This breakthrough allows for the control of magnetic properties without wires, enabling applications in biomedicine and computing.
A study by University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio researchers found that corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) activates immune cells in the dura membrane under the skull, leading to pain signals. This discovery may lead to the development of a small-molecule drug therapy to inhibit CRF and MrgprB2 interaction.
Researchers found that presenting adults between 76 and 85 with personalized information about the benefits and harms of colon cancer screening decreases excess screening. The study involved 431 older adults who received either standard or personalized care, with no significant differences in screening orders between the two groups.
A large brain autopsy study of women who experienced intimate partner violence found substantial vascular and white matter damage, but no evidence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The study also revealed significant medical comorbidity, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
A new study found that while most residents in British Columbia had been infected with SARS-CoV-2, older adults remained at highest risk of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19. The researchers estimated that the risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 was about 1 in 30 among adults 80 years and older.
The University of Cincinnati will continue to oversee U.S. NIH-funded stroke trials for the next five years, with Pooja Khatri, MD, MSc, leading as Lead PI. The renewed infrastructure includes new features such as patient representation and advocacy initiatives, aiming to advance stroke care worldwide.
The Center for Innovation and Translation of POC Technologies for Equitable Cancer Care will prioritize development of POC tests for oral, cervical and gastrointestinal cancers. CITEC's goal is to identify needed technologies, accelerate their development, evaluate their performance in diverse settings.
The Beckman Institute's DROPLETS project uses microdroplets to catalyze electrochemical reactions, producing clean hydrogen and sequestering carbon dioxide. The project aims to lay out a foundation for a sustainable clean energy future.
A team of researchers from Okayama University found that short-chain fatty acids produced by intestinal bacteria trigger elongation of dendrites in dendritic cells, capturing intestinal pathogens and enhancing immune responses. This discovery may lead to the development of new treatments targeting dendritic cells to prevent diseases.
A new AI-powered method has been shown to be more accurate than traditional models in predicting the sustainable catch of fish populations. The CMSY++ model, which uses an artificial neural network, allows for more efficient assessment of fish stocks with limited data inputs.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have created modular nanoparticles that can be tailored for various applications, including targeted drug delivery and neutralizing biological agents. By leveraging a plug-and-play approach, scientists can rapidly modify functional biological nanoparticles with ease.
A study reveals that Earth's ionospheric plasma drives geomagnetic storms, disrupting radio signals and GPS. The research helps predict storm impact and contributes to understanding space weather.
Research from Portland State University finds that female students are more likely to choose universities in states with upheld abortion rights, potentially affecting future workforces and economies. The study suggests a significant impact on the labor market as young people often live and work in the state they attend college.
A meta-analysis found that prioritizing native species can increase invasion resistance by over 50% and reduce invasive alien species' performance. High-density seeding of functionally similar or multifunctional seed mixtures is effective in controlling invasive species, with priority effects strengthened by increasing time advantage.
A new method for 3D printing metal allows for controlled structural modifications without heating and beating, reducing post-production alteration requirements. The technique enables the production of strong and tough metals with comparable performance to traditional methods.
Researchers utilized the IXPE telescope to capture the first polarized X-ray imagery of SN 1006, revealing a connection between magnetic fields and high-energy particle outflow. The discovery expands scientists' understanding of supernovae remnants.
A new method extracts DNA from cat hair, linking suspects and crime scenes, with potential applications in dog cases too. Researchers found a single cat hair contains usable DNA, which can be sequenced for a more powerful link.
Researchers compiled personal reports and associations from 132 participants to categorize 1,001 self-portraits into 26 categories. Five clusters emerged, including 'aesthetics', 'imagination', and 'trait', which showed a close association with visual language used to communicate different aspects of oneself.
A new study found that killer whales' diets, rather than location, are more important for pollutant exposure. The research analyzed blubber samples from 162 North Atlantic killer whales and discovered varying diet compositions caused striking differences in contaminant concentrations.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $1.6 million to Emory University researchers to develop predictive models for farmers to adapt to climate change in Georgia, Iowa and Ohio. The project aims to create a public online tool to explore possible futures of agriculture at regional and state levels.
Researchers at Osaka University use a robotic system to automate key experimental processes, accelerating the search for new materials. They evaluate 576 thin-film semiconductor samples using photoabsorption spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and time-resolved microwave conductivity analyses.
A Cornell University collaboration developed a model to simulate atmospheric transport of microplastic fibers, revealing flat fibers travel farther and are more prevalent than spherical ones. The research could help attribute sources of microplastic particles and inform management plans.
The DGIST research team developed an image translation model that can reduce biases in data despite the lack of information on underlying factors. The model achieved superior performance compared to existing methods on various biased datasets, including those with texture biases.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan have developed a gaming strategy to strengthen vital infrastructure against malevolent attacks, aiming to ensure safety, health, and lives during emergencies. By identifying critical roads and intersections, they can reinforce them to minimize disruption.
A new study by Boston University School of Public Health found that COVID-19 vaccination in female and male partners does not increase the risk of miscarriage. In fact, vaccinated individuals had a slightly lower risk of miscarriage compared to unvaccinated individuals. The study analyzed survey data from over 1,800 female participants...
The Society for Neuroscience recognizes pioneers in neuroscience who have transformed our understanding of plasticity, addiction, and learning and memory. The awards honor groundbreaking work that has overturned previous doctrine and provided hope for novel therapeutic approaches.
A new method estimates the benefit of carbon stored because of forest conservation, enabling direct comparison of projects. The technique generates incentives for safeguarding forests long after credits have been issued.
Scientists have developed a way to regulate gene expression in organoids using optogenetics, enabling the observation of cell behavior and development patterns. This breakthrough allows for more accurate reproduction of tissue processes in the petri dish.
The new species of mosasaur, named after the Norse sea serpent Jormungandr, is estimated to be around 24 feet long and has a mosaic of features seen in two iconic mosasaurs. The discovery sheds light on the evolutionary history of these aquatic lizards and provides new insights into their relationships with other reptiles.
Researchers at Macquarie University warn that a pollination crisis in Australasia could have severe consequences for the region's biodiversity and food supply. The study found that environmental threats such as habitat loss, climate change, pesticide use, and introduced species are affecting local pollinators.
New research from Aalto University reveals that sleepiness during virtual meetings is caused by mental underload and boredom. Highly engaged individuals stay active even in virtual settings, while those with low work engagement find them tiring.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have developed a new simulation method using AI to predict powder mixing with high accuracy and low computational costs. This breakthrough enables large-scale and long-duration powder mixing processes, set to enhance product quality and streamline production.
The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause offers updated guidance on assessing and treating women with menopausal health issues. The toolkit includes new advice on hormone therapies, bone health, and treatment guidelines, aiming to improve care for women globally.
Researchers at NICT developed a novel structure for superconducting strip photon detectors, achieving high performance and polarization independence. The new technology enables the creation of wider strips, increasing productivity and reducing fabrication costs.
A study predicts that extreme heat will lead to a 2.6-fold increase in cardiovascular-related deaths, with older and Black adults most vulnerable. The projected rise in summer days feeling at least 90 degrees could triple deaths among these populations.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that anger improves people's ability to reach their goals in challenging situations. Anger was associated with increased scores or shorter response times, and even motivated participants to vote in elections.
The Children's Environmental Health Center will investigate the cumulative health impacts of early exposure to pollutants and non-chemical stressors among children in underserved communities. The center aims to reduce environmental health disparities and promote environmental justice for children.
A new phase 3 clinical trial found that once-weekly basal injection of icodec to treat type 1 diabetes showed non-inferiority to daily insulin degludec in reducing HbA1C levels. However, higher rates of hypoglycaemic episodes were noted in the icodec group.
Scientists at the University of Birmingham have identified a mechanism that led to some patients experiencing deadly clotting following Covid-19 vaccination. The team found that Platelet factor 4 (PF4) activates the c-Mpl-Jak2 pathway in platelets, triggering clot formation.
The ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems is launching a special measures recruitment round exclusively for women and gender-diverse candidates. The initiative aims to increase the participation of women in STEM fields, with the goal of achieving 40% gender diversity by 2026.
A study of 110 Colorado facilities found that 74.5% are at risk of climate-related hazards, including wildfires, heatwaves, and floods. Incarcerated individuals from marginalized communities face added risk due to poor infrastructure and lack of agency.
Scientists at the University of Würzburg have observed a new behavior of regulatory T cells, which remain in certain lymph nodes for months and function as local memory banks of the immune system. This discovery could lead to therapeutic applications in allergies and autoimmune diseases.
Organizational ghosts are admired former leaders who embody an organization's values and identity, continuing to influence members long after they've departed. Researchers found that these ghostly encounters can safeguard organizations from risky decisions and legitimize current leaders.
The Society for Neuroscience recognizes six researchers who have made significant contributions to the advancement of women in neuroscience. Karen Froud receives the Bernice Grafstein Award for Outstanding Accomplishments in Mentoring for her dedication to mentoring female neuroscientists. BJ Casey receives the Mika Salpeter Lifetime A...
Researchers found self-supervised models generate activity patterns similar to mammalian brains, suggesting an organizing principle. The models learn representations of the physical world to make accurate predictions, potentially unlocking human-labeled data limitations.
Researchers found that tiny timing errors can significantly impact quantum algorithms, limiting the technology's potential. Despite promising applications in fields like pharmaceutical discovery and materials science, quantum computers' fragility hinders their scalability.
A new study by researchers at the University of Leeds found that Amazon deforestation causes land surfaces up to 100km away to get warmer. The study analyzed satellite data from 2001 to 2020 and found that regions with more local and regional deforestation warmed by an average of 4.4°C.
The Canadian Cardiovascular Society has adopted a new classification system for heart attacks based on the extent of tissue damage, which aims to improve patient outcomes by guiding treatment and predicting disease progression. The four-stage classification outlines varying levels of injury following a heart attack.
A $4.7 million NIH grant will be used to train dental students and faculty, enhance mentoring, and conduct a clinical research study on Sjögren's disease. The grant aims to find an early biomarker for the chronic autoimmune disorder affecting four million Americans.
Researchers at George Mason University are developing innovative biomass-based porous structures for energy-efficient water desalination and purification. The project aims to create a capacitive deionization process using spatial wood carbon scaffolds with nanocellulose fillers.
Researchers successfully developed a novel method for transforming atropisomers into specific enantiomers using the Pauson–Khand reaction. The reaction achieved high enantiomeric excesses and selectivity, opening up new avenues for synthesizing pharmaceutical compounds.
A virtual, home-based exercise program using cognitively enriched tai ji quan improved global cognition and reduced walking interference associated with dual tasking in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. The intervention also showed favorable improvements in cognition, function, executive function, and working memory.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that a 1% reduction in deep sleep per year for people over 60 increases dementia risk by 27%. The research suggests that maintaining or enhancing deep sleep could stave off dementia.
A study by researchers at the University of Illinois found a significant relationship between soy expansion and childhood leukemia deaths in Brazil. Pesticide use in the region has been linked to increased cancer mortality, with an estimated 123 children under 10 dying from ALL associated with pesticide exposure between 2008 and 2019.
The study analyzes the life cycle of magnesium production processes, examining energy consumption, carbon emissions, and economic aspects. Key findings highlight the importance of sustainable development in reducing environmental impacts and improving economic efficiency.
A team of researchers from UMaine and UVM have conducted the first-ever study of cultural adaptation to climate change in US crops. They found that farmers are already adapting their practices to better match crops to recent changes in climate, with some regions showing significant changes in crop selection.
Researchers developed an autonomous measurement algorithm to optimize electrical resistance measurements in materials libraries. The new approach enables faster characterization of materials by actively selecting the next measurement area.
A study by Penn State researchers found that only one-third of online organizations publish their privacy policies, highlighting the need for improvement. The researchers used a large-scale investigation to analyze the availability of privacy policies on millions of websites, revealing significant challenges in compliance.
Gilleaudeau aims to generate a new composite carbon record and test the hypothesis that carbon excursion was linked to global ocean anoxia. His research will produce critical data on the initiation of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age.
Researchers at Duke University developed an innovative antibody approach to target and kill tumor-promoting molecules found in cancer cells. The study revealed notable reductions in tumor growth and minimal side effects, making it a promising new treatment option for various types of cancer.
A recent UBC Okanagan study found that canine cuddles have a comparable positive wellness effect across all genders, contradicting previous studies with predominantly female participants. The research suggests that canine-assisted interventions can be an inclusive option for post-secondary mental health and wellness programs.
Researchers have discovered a unique mechanism by which the desert shrub Tamarix aphylla captures moisture from the air, allowing it to thrive in arid environments. The plant excretes salts to extract and condense water onto its leaves, which can then be absorbed.
Researchers from West Virginia University are conducting experiments on 3D printing in microgravity conditions to develop materials for long-term space exploration. They found that a titanium dioxide foam can effectively block UV radiation and purify water, making it suitable for use in space habitats.
A team of researchers from McGill University, UCLA, and Princeton has found an inexpensive, sustainable way to cool buildings in hot climates using radiative cooling materials. They achieved temperatures several degrees below the ambient temperature, without compromising healthy ventilation air changes.
Researchers investigated the paradoxical prognosis of cardiac sarcoidosis, finding that isolated heart condition patients have poorer outcomes due to history of atrial fibrillation and impaired heart function. Steroid treatment responds equally well in both groups.
Researchers at MIT and Harvard University have developed an efficient process to convert carbon dioxide into a stable, solid formate fuel that can be used in fuel cells and generate electricity. The new process achieves over 90% conversion efficiency and eliminates the need for toxic and flammable fuels.
A large USGS study assesses methylmercury in adult amphibians, finding it to be a toxic compound that bioaccumulates in animals as they feed. The study's results provide new methods and baseline data for assessing mercury risk in endangered species, including those listed under the Endangered Species Act.
A new method, attribute augmentation-based label integration (AALI), enhances crowdsourced label quality by identifying reliable instances and improving the discriminative ability of the original attribute space. Experimental results demonstrate AALI's superiority over state-of-the-art competitors on simulated and real-world datasets.
A new study finds that the global carbon budget for keeping warming below 1.5°C will be exhausted by 2029 if current emissions continue, committing the world to this level of warming. The remaining budget has approximately halved since 2020 due to increased greenhouse gas emissions.
A team of researchers from POSTECH successfully engineered a dual metalens capable of switching between different imaging modes using a single lens. This innovation enables fast mode-switching and acquisition of high-resolution images for applications such as bio-imaging and cellular reactions.
Researchers found that all tested languages make the same spatial distinctions using words like 'this' or 'that', based on reachability. This suggests a universal action constraint underlying demonstrative language across cultures.
A study of 54 former NFL players found increased levels of translocator protein (TSPO) indicating brain injury, as well as lower learning and memory abilities. Further research is needed to understand the persistence and progression of these signs over time.
Researchers have developed a laser-based system that can detect specific molecules with unprecedented accuracy and sensitivity. The new electro-optic comb setup can capture moment-to-moment details of high-speed processes such as hypersonic propulsion and protein folding, opening the door to novel measurements and insights.
The project aims to create a comprehensive database of researched information on Black displacement and mobility in Arlington County. The database will include oral histories, census data, photographs, historic newspapers, and other artifacts, shedding new light on the county's history.
Researchers describe traveling waves of acetylcholine in the striatum, revealing a new kind of neurochemical wave. The study proposes a mathematical mechanism by which simultaneous waves of acetylcholine and dopamine arise, maintaining balance in the brain's striatum.
Researchers discovered a unique protein in bristle worms that distinguishes between sunlight and moonlight. The protein, L-Cry, disassembles under intense light and forms a stable connection in the dark.