A new method combines confocal fluorescence microscopy with microfluidic laminar flow to detect nanoparticles and viruses quickly and accurately. The approach uses a 3D-printed Brick-MIC setup for sensitivity and specificity improvements, potentially changing virus detection in clinical settings.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a new cooling system that extracts water from the air using gravity, eliminating the need for electricity. The system can double the rate of water collection compared to alternative technologies and offers significant energy savings.
The study finds that chemokines, particularly CXCL12/CXCR4 axis, are upregulated in patients with atrial fibrillation, contributing to increased remodeling and risk of death. Elevated expression of CXCR2 is also linked to monocyte infiltration and accelerated atrial remodeling.
Scientists have created extremely thin sheets of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond crystals, which exhibit exceptional sensitivity to environmental variations. The findings reveal the emergence of Fröhlich polarons, previously thought not to exist in diamonds, opening up new prospects for quantum sensing.
A Duke-NUS study proposes a new treatment for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) by blocking glucagon's activity, which raises blood sugar levels. This breakthrough could provide quicker relief to millions of heart patients.
A pooled analysis of three large, phase III clinical trials found that more than 40% of brain metastases patients can fully reverse cognitive losses with conformal radiation techniques. Recovery was more likely for those treated with highly targeted radiation compared to standard whole-brain treatment.
Researchers have developed four advanced technologies to break down PFAS compounds, including hydrothermal alkali treatment, low-temperature mineralization, mechanochemical degradation, and adsorption. These methods demonstrate high efficiency in addressing the widespread environmental and health risks associated with PFAS.
Researchers identify a homozygous SPAG9 gene mutation associated with intellectual disability, progressive cognitive decline, and heterogeneous brain abnormalities. The study provides a unique model for understanding disruptions in cellular transport mechanisms leading to neurodevelopmental and degenerative brain conditions.
A new vehicle allocation strategy for dockless bike-sharing systems at night can improve the balance of urban transportation and reduce traffic congestion. The approach uses a three-way classification method and behavioral decision theory to forecast demand and optimize resource allocation, reducing waste and enhancing system efficiency.
A new model based on the Langevin equation offers insights into exotic nuclei formation, enhancing the production of rare isotopes for scientific and medical applications. The model simplifies complex nuclear reactions by focusing on key physical processes, reducing adjustable parameters and improving energy dissipation predictions.
A novel variant of tissue-like P systems with polarizations is proposed to solve the SAT problem in polynomial time, achieving theoretical feasibility for precise rule control in specific applications.
As stand age increases, Pinus massoniana consistently absorbs bioavailable phosphorus from the soil, reducing soil phosphorus availability. Phosphorus distribution affects various organs in four distinct forms, and resorption influences this process.
Ancient DNA analysis reveals the Viking Age trade routes of walrus ivory, confirming early encounters between European Norse and North American Indigenous peoples. Genetic fingerprinting identified specific Arctic hunting grounds as the source of traded ivory.
Researchers at Purdue University and NASA believe Ceres has a dirty ice crust and was once a muddy ocean world. The team used computer simulations to show that ice can be much stronger than previously predicted, contradicting the previous belief that Ceres was relatively dry.
Recent engineering efforts develop various sensors and devices for addressing challenges in personalized pain treatment. These intelligent sensors and devices offer real-time, accurate pain assessment and responsive treatment options.
A recent study found that naloxone was successful in improving clinical status in 54.1% of pediatric patients who received the antidote, and one-third received two or more doses. Naloxone administrations occurred most often in home settings, and boys were slightly more likely to receive the treatment.
Researchers used satellite images to derive a global dataset of river width data, expanding the understanding of at-a-station hydraulic geometry. The study found that a 1% increase in discharge leads to a median 0.2% increase in river width worldwide, with weaker responses in areas with cohesive soil and high forest coverage.
Live imaging techniques reveal that the secretory pathway plays a crucial role in de novo membrane formation, with Gip1 identified as a key molecule affecting this process. In Gip1-deficient cells, abnormal spore plasma membranes are formed due to defects in regenerating ER exit sites.
UCLA investigators presented data on chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer, MRI-guided radiotherapy for prostate cancer, and symptom self-reporting during treatment. Researchers developed a predictive model to identify patients most likely to respond to chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer.
A new study found that exclusively breastfed infants born in a Cincinnati hospital were 22% less likely to develop asthma, suggesting a link between early feeding patterns and long-term health outcomes. The research highlights the importance of supporting exclusive breastfeeding during the critical first days of life.
Scientists successfully synthesized cubic gauche nitrogen (cg-N) at atmospheric pressure using plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition technique. The resulting material exhibits high-energy density and thermal stability, opening new avenues for future high-energy-density materials.
Researchers discovered a unique change in cardiac troponin I that enables shrews to achieve heart rates up to 17 beats per second. This evolutionary loss removes brakes on heart relaxation, allowing for faster heartbeats. The study provides insights into the evolution of high-heart-rate mammals and potential biomedicine applications.
Research on children in foster care with disabilities found that they are less likely to achieve a positive outcome like adoption or guardianship, and have a higher risk of mortality. Children with specific disabilities, such as intellectual disability, physical disability, and emotional disturbance, were particularly vulnerable.
A new method using shared segments within the genome has identified undiagnosed cases of Long QT syndrome, a rare disorder that can lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden cardiac death. The approach was developed by researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center and applied to a DNA biobank to detect carriers of rare disease-ca...
The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine has released comprehensive guidelines for protecting, promoting, and supporting breastfeeding in emergency situations. The recommendations aim to safeguard the health and well-being of infants in disasters and conflicts by ensuring safe nutrition and immune protection.
Researchers found that satellite altimetry missions with longer orbital repeats can provide a clearer understanding of regional and global hydrological cycles. This is because these missions sample lakes several times more frequently, revealing broader perspectives on lake variations across entire regions.
A new study by CMCC scientists investigates how financial policies can ensure a just transition to clean energy. The research finds that fair-financing policies can reduce inequality in per-capita renewable energy generation by 2-4% and make electricity cheaper by an average of 10%.
A study by researchers from the University of Tokyo found that people with adverse childhood experiences are more likely to commit physical or verbal abuse against older adults. The study, which analyzed over 13,000 responses in Japan, revealed that psychological factors were a key contributor to this behavior.
A new study found that racial justice activism programs can significantly reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety among Black and LatinX teenagers. The 8-week program, which focused on social change and advocacy, resulted in a 38% reduction in depressive symptoms after four sessions and a 45% reduction by the end of the intervention.
A team of researchers aims to improve autonomous vehicle safety by identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities in software and hardware. They plan to use knowledge gained from a $926,737 NSF award to design protection mechanisms that can be applied selectively to ensure safety while maximizing efficiency.
A study of 793 girls found significant variation in height growth after their first period, with most not reaching the expected 6-8 cm. Early onset of menstruation is linked to greater growth, while late onset is associated with shorter final height. Childhood BMI also plays a role in determining menarche age and subsequent growth.
A recent study reveals that pharmaceutical industry sponsors dominate US cancer research, with a substantial increase in industry-sponsored clinical trials over the past decade. Federally funded studies have been underinvested and have missed opportunities for scientific advancements.
Researchers found altered synaptic architecture in neurons expressing mutant PrP before primary symptoms appear. Treatments targeting synapse health may help combat the diseases' symptoms.
A study at the University of Tsukuba reveals that sharing biosignals can augment the sense of social presence in online interactions. The researchers tested a real-time platform in gaming sessions, finding that combining bio-information and face video enhanced feelings of connection.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine develop a composite hydrogel capable of steady, sustained drug release using ultrasound as a trigger. The fibrin hydrogel matrix vaporizes an emulsion upon exposure to ultrasound, releasing the encapsulated drug in a zero-order release process, providing consistent levels over time.
A retrospective study found that 7% of teens who disclosed sexual abuse reported social media was used to facilitate the assault. When accounting for unrelated perpetrators, this number increased to 12%. Social media platforms like Instagram and Snapchat were commonly reported as facilitators.
Prenatal excessive prednisone exposure leads to female offspring osteoarthritis, but activating PGC-1α mitigates this effect. Activation of the mitochondrial glutamine metabolism pathway improves cartilage quality and reduces oxidative stress.
A groundbreaking study found that individuals tend to cooperate even after being defected in social situations, contradicting traditional game theory models. The research suggests that humans are more forgiving and cooperative than previously thought, inspiring a need for revised models of game theory.
A new study reveals that sloths may face existential threats from climate change, particularly in high-altitude regions. The research found that sloths' restricted ability to migrate and limited metabolic flexibility make them vulnerable to warming temperatures.
Research reveals that Black infants with congenital heart disease are 40% more likely to die in the first year than white infants, despite overall death rates decreasing for both groups. The American Academy of Pediatrics study found a significant disparity in mortality rates between Black and white infants born with heart abnormalities.
Researchers develop Mars battery utilizing Martian atmosphere as fuel, reducing weight for space missions. The battery can be recharged using solar energy, enabling continuous operation.
Researchers analyzed 109 TikTok videos on 'chroming', a trend involving inhalant abuse among teens, revealing permanent markers as the most common item used. The study highlights the risks of chroming, including addiction and death, and calls for social media companies to prevent its spread.
Research from UC Irvine reveals that disrupted circadian clocks accelerate colorectal cancer by altering the diversity and abundance of gut bacteria, compromising intestinal barrier function. This discovery offers new avenues for prevention and treatment strategies.
Researchers discover that asteroid Ryugu, a carbon-rich meteorite, shares a rare ingredient with material formed at the outer edge of the Solar System. The findings challenge previous ideas about the formation of asteroids and require a rethinking of the origin of the CI chondrites group.
As of 2019, over 1.4 million US children have lost a family member to a drug overdose, according to a USC Dornsife study. The trend shows younger children are increasingly affected, with 5-year-olds experiencing loss at the same rate as 10-year-olds 15 years ago.
A study presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics conference found that Colorado caregivers with children in the home significantly underestimated the risk of firearm-related suicide. The research also highlighted a lack of awareness about preventing suicide, particularly among caregivers living in households with firearms.
A study found that a significant increase in plate-derived water beneath Arima Hot Springs occurred before the 1995 Kobe earthquake, potentially weakening the fault and triggering the quake. This phenomenon is similar to increased chloride ions and radon in groundwater, which have been reported as precursors to earthquakes.
Researchers trained an automatic speech recognizer on recordings from people with dysarthria related to Parkinson's disease, achieving a 30% accuracy improvement. The study, led by Mark Hasegawa-Johnson, provides valuable data for improving voice recognition devices.
Researchers at IGTP have discovered a specific cellular pattern in regulatory B cells to monitor kidney transplant patients. This signature can help identify low-risk patients who may benefit from reduced immunosuppression and those at high risk who require closer monitoring.
The study found a significant rise in heat-related emergencies among children, with most cases resulting in discharge without admission. The data also highlighted disparities in patient characteristics and outcomes, particularly among Hispanic children and those living in areas with lower Child Opportunity Index scores.
According to a survey of parents of children hospitalized for suicidal ideation or attempt, caregivers are receptive to firearm safe storage counseling and free firearm locks. However, 19% of firearm-owning families reported not storing their firearms securely.
A new study analyzing state gun laws found that laws banning large-capacity magazines were associated with the greatest significant reduction of child deaths in mass shootings. The odds of a child dying from a mass shooting were decreased by 91% in states with such bans.
Recent advances in radiation therapy have improved breast cancer outcomes with reduced side effects. Researchers at MD Anderson have demonstrated the benefits of hypofractionation in reducing lymphedema risk and improving treatment tolerance.
New research reveals racial and socioeconomic disparities in emergency management of unintentional ingestions in preschool children. Black patients are more likely to receive social work consults, Children Services Bureau referrals, and urine drug screens.
Researchers discovered a mysterious subduction zone deep beneath the Pacific Ocean, reshaping our understanding of Earth's interior structure. The team found an unusually thick area in the mantle transition zone, suggesting the presence of colder material that slows down oceanic slabs as they sink through the mantle.
The new model simplifies energy expression by focusing on electrostatic interactions and structural chemical information, enabling accurate predictions of material properties. Performance prediction results show promise for dozens of materials, with potential applications in developing functional materials.
Researchers have discovered chiral topological semi-metals that possess properties making them suitable for generating currents of orbital angular momentum (OAM) flows. This breakthrough paves the way for the development of energy-efficient devices in orbitronics, a potential alternative to traditional electronics.
Researchers found lamotrigine to reduce stiffness in non-dystrophic myotonias by around the same amount as mexiletine, offering a new treatment option. The trial results have direct implications for patient care and provide more 'real-world' options for patients with this life-changing muscle disorder.
A University of Maryland-led study found that burying wood in the right environmental conditions can stop its decomposition and help curb carbon dioxide emissions. The researchers analyzed a 3,775-year-old log and surrounding soil, revealing that it had lost less than 5% carbon dioxide thanks to the low-permeability clay soil.
Researchers have developed processable natural biopolymers that can replace synthetic polymers in various applications. The production of these biopolymers is expected to increase due to growing concerns about the environmental impact of plastic usage.