Convection motions have been tracked in detail on a red giant star for the first time, providing new insights into stellar behavior. The observations reveal giant, hot bubbles of gas appearing on the surface and sinking back into the star's interior faster than expected.
A new study found that oxycodone consumption in Australia decreased by 45% from 2019 to 2020, coinciding with national policy changes. The Australian National Prescribing Service launched initiatives to improve opioid prescribing practices, including training and reduced package sizes.
A recent study found that biodiversity-biomass relationships are influenced by tree mycorrhizal associations and stand structural diversity at different spatial scales. The research, published in Forest Ecosystems, emphasizes the importance of considering environmental conditions and structural diversity in understanding scale-dependen...
Across England, nearly half of patients struggle to get appointments with specialist teams for weight loss support and care. Bariatric surgery services are also severely limited, affecting over one in five local health areas. Experts warn that without radical action, obesity prevalence and costs will continue to rise.
Newborns with atypical metabolite patterns are 14 times more likely to die of SIDS, according to a recent NIH-funded study. The researchers believe that checking for this pattern could provide a way to estimate SIDS risk and inform efforts to reduce its risk.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory scientist Matthew Loyd has been selected for a DOE Early Career Research award to develop a high-count-rate, high-resolution neutron camera. The detector will improve neutron detection at high count rates and enable observing weak data signals in experiments.
A study published by The BMJ found that one dose of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) smallpox vaccine is moderately effective in preventing mpox infection. The vaccine showed an estimated 58% vaccine effectiveness against mpox, suggesting it should be made available to communities at risk.
Researchers at McGill University have made new findings on the consistency of delusion themes in youth and young adults with psychosis. The study, involving over 600 patients, suggests that delusions often persist even as other symptoms improve, requiring different treatment strategies.
Korean researchers develop international standards to evaluate and manage data quality in AI development, enhancing stability and reliability. The standards will help organizations ensure safe AI models, increase system consistency, and strengthen AI safety.
A recent study found that people who have had a stroke are more likely to report short or long sleep duration compared to those without prior stroke. Normal sleep duration was less common among stroke survivors across all age groups, with 32% vs 54% in the 18-44 age group.
A new study published in Annals of Oncology found that long-course radiotherapy is safer and more effective than short-course radiotherapy for preserving organs in rectal cancer patients. The treatment was shown to prevent regrowth of the primary tumour, but had similar overall survival rates.
Researchers at Indian Institute of Science develop a neuromorphic platform that stores and processes data in 16,500 conductance states, cutting energy consumption by a huge margin. This breakthrough could enable complex AI tasks on personal devices, transforming the development of AI tools.
Researchers at Singapore University of Technology and Design have successfully printed 3D photonic crystals using titanium resin, achieving a complete photonic bandgap across the visible spectrum. This breakthrough enables precise control of light, opening up possibilities for advancements in telecommunications, sensing, and quantum te...
A recent study published in the Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine investigated nicotine dependence among smokers in China. The research found that 41.0% of smokers aged 40 and above had medium-to-high nicotine dependence, with men more affected than women.
Neuroscientists have discovered a global process across the brain that coordinates sensory input with motor action through learning. In trained mice, neurons link sensory evidence to action initiation, integrating information across multiple brain regions.
Researchers propose a novel compact meta-silencer design leveraging acoustic black hole and rainbow trapping effects to reduce low-frequency noise. The study demonstrates improved performance with coiled-up slits, achieving an average sound transmission loss of 6.73 dB across a broad frequency band.
Gábor Domokos and colleagues develop 'soft cells' with rounded tile shapes that echo those found in nature, including river estuaries, zebra stripes, and muscle tissue. The researchers prove a theorem demonstrating the combinatorial abundance of soft tilings.
A study analyzing National Joint Registry data found that trainee surgeons' outcomes are comparable to those of more experienced consultants. The rates of subsequent revision surgery were no different between the two groups, suggesting similar skill levels.
A new preclinical blood test identifies adults most likely to develop severe respiratory conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), by analyzing 32 proteins that accurately predict lung health data. The risk score indicates a high likelihood of hospital care, COPD development, and respiratory disease death.
The new diagnostic test system combines a field-effect transistor with a paper-based analytical cartridge, achieving over 97% accuracy in measuring cholesterol levels. This innovation has the potential to transform at-home testing and diagnostics with its high sensitivity, low cost, and machine learning capabilities.
A new method called VitelloTag has been developed at the Marine Biological Laboratory, allowing researchers to deliver miniature research tools into egg cells and embryos. The approach uses a yolk protein found in most animals to bind to the receptor on the egg cell surface, enabling efficient delivery of CRISPR-Cas9.
Underwater noise pollution from human activities significantly impacts the ability of orcas to hunt successfully in the Salish Sea. The study found that increased ambient noise levels, particularly around vessel propellers, interfere with echolocation behavior and hunting efforts. This hindrance affects females more than males, potenti...
Research suggests statin therapy is cost-effective and beneficial for most over-70s individuals, with increased quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and reduced healthcare costs. Lifetime use of standard statins increased QALYs by 0.24–0.70, while higher intensity therapy increased QALYs by a further 0.04–0.13.
A new study found that 2-bromopalmitate treatment reverses cell senescence in human vascular smooth muscle cells, reducing DNA damage markers and promoting cell proliferation. The research suggests a critical role for protein palmitoylation in regulating the senescent phenotype.
A new study by Michigan Medicine found that the Inflation Reduction Act's limit on Medicare Part D spending leads to significant savings for cancer patients prescribed oral chemotherapy. The average annual cost for these medications decreased from $11,284 in 2023 to $3,927 in 2024, resulting in median cost savings of $7,260.
Research from Texas A&M University School of Public Health suggests that older adults with mild cognitive impairment who engage in high levels of activities such as word games and hobbies have better memory, working memory, attention and processing speed than those who do not. The study found that six million people in the US have deme...
A recent study published in Nature questions the scientific validity of the long-held claim that 80% of the world's biodiversity is found in Indigenous Peoples' territories. The research highlights the need to correct this figure, as it oversimplifies the complex relationship between Indigenous Peoples and biodiversity.
Research explores changes in global precipitation patterns and how they relate to climate change. Bird nests are found to predict rainfall in rural India, while heat stress is increasing in the southeastern US, particularly at night. European 'bomb' storms may intensify due to warming climate.
Acinetobacter baumannii is a highly resistant bacterial species causing serious infections. Researchers have engineered mutant strains to study anti-Acinetobacter compounds and address AMR preparedness.
A new class of weekly insulin, efsitora alfa, has been shown to be non-inferior to daily injections in managing blood sugar levels in patients with type 1 diabetes. However, the study found higher rates of hypoglycaemia, highlighting the need for vigilance in dose initiation and optimization.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that liraglutide is safe and effective in reducing BMI by 7.4% in children aged 6 to under 12, as well as improving blood pressure and blood sugar control. The treatment was well-tolerated with no new safety concerns.
A study by Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology found that installing EVCS boosted spending at nearby establishments by 1.4% in 2019, leading to an overall increase of USD 6.7 million. Strategically placed EVCS also stimulated consumer spending in underprivileged areas, creating potential catalysts for economic growth.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have developed a novel screening tool to measure digital health readiness, addressing barriers to telehealth adoption. The tool assesses technical readiness and quality of care concerns, with promising results in improving equity.
A new study finds that excessive social media use is associated with a higher risk of eating disorder symptoms in 9-14-year-olds, including binge eating and distress over weight gain. Problematic screen use may contribute to unhealthy behaviors and addictive tendencies.
A phase 1 trial found that a new oral weight loss drug, Amycretin, resulted in significant weight loss of up to 13% over three months. The drug targets both amylin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) biology, leading to appetite regulation and reduced hunger.
A study published in Metabolism revealed a new mechanism for glucose production in the liver during stress. CREB and CRTC2 proteins were found to be involved in activating gluconeogenesis, a key metabolic function of the liver that helps maintain normal blood sugar levels.
Researchers discovered phase separation plays a crucial role in memristors retaining information over time. The team developed a device with improved retention behavior, yielding results comparable to 10 years of storage without power.
A new catalyst design combines copper and zinc oxide nanocubes to favor the reduction of CO2 into ethanol. This approach enhances selectivity, efficiency, and reduces unwanted by-products.
A clinical trial by the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group shows striking results from chemotherapy before surgery to shrink tumors and reduce tissue removal. Patients who received chemotherapy had a 50% chance of preserving vital organs, compared to 15% for those having surgery.
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has been instrumental in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic by providing transparent decision-making and prioritizing equitable access to vaccines. The committee's virtual meetings enabled timely discussions and evidence review, allowing for rapid approval of COVID-19 vaccines. H...
Global methane emissions have risen by 61 million tons over the past two decades, primarily from coal mining, oil and gas production, and cattle ranching. Human activities are increasingly linked to wetland and freshwater methane emissions, posing a significant threat to climate change.
A study of 32,409 participants found a strong association between abdominal fat and chronic musculoskeletal pain, especially in women. Reducing visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue may be key to managing chronic pain in multiple body sites.
Researchers have designed a new complex material with emerging spintronics properties, enabling the generation of spin currents in desired directions. This discovery paves the way for more efficient and advanced electronic devices.
A recent study by Nara Institute of Science and Technology reveals a new mechanism for dynamic gene silencing and reactivation, highlighting the intricate roles of proteins like SDG7. The research team identified a competitive interaction between SDGs and PRC2 at PREs, allowing for efficient gene activation through H3K36 methylation.
Researchers studied how viruses move proteins in fruit flies to infect other animals. They found that viral proteins have built-in GPS signals guiding them to precise locations within the host cells. This knowledge could lead to new strategies for disrupting virus movement and controlling insect-borne diseases.
A recent study found that racial and ethnic tuberculosis (TB) disparities among US-born persons can result in significant long-term health consequences. The research indicates that these disparities can have substantial effects on the economy as well, potentially affecting TB elimination goals within the US.
The Cloud Atlas database showcases an array of atmospheric phenomena on Mars, including cloud formations, dust storms, and gravity waves. Scientists can study these events to better understand the Martian atmosphere's physical nature and appearance, as well as its climate cycles.
A UBCO study found that patients face barriers when discussing psychedelics with physicians due to stigma and perceived lack of knowledge. The study analyzed data from 800 adults who use psychedelics, revealing that nearly 60% felt less satisfied with communication about psychedelics compared to previous conversations.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute found that a chatbot can assist patients in deciding whether to pursue genetic testing, offering an alternative to traditional genetic counseling. The study demonstrated equally likely outcomes between the chatbot group and those receiving standard two-appointment model care.
A new study found an association between breast arterial calcifications and cardiovascular disease in women, suggesting mammograms could be a warning sign. Women with breast arterial calcifications were more likely to experience atherosclerotic heart disease, with a 23% increased risk compared to those without.
A new study confirms that hormone therapy is still underutilized among women over 65, with only 70-80% experiencing menopause symptoms. The majority of participants continued hormone therapy to manage hot flashes and improve their quality of life, highlighting the need for more open consideration of its use in this age group.
A new low-light enhancement algorithm balances performance with inference speed by brightening images first and then correcting degradation factors. The algorithm outperforms existing methods in noise suppression and color cast correction while maintaining a smaller model size.
A large study found that women with asthma are more likely to miscarry and require fertility treatment, but most can still have babies. The study analyzed reproductive outcomes for over 700,000 Danish women, finding higher rates of foetal loss and fertility treatment among those with asthma.
The study investigates the toxicologic profile and anti-nociceptive effect of two semi-synthetic triterpene derivatives from Combretum leprosum in mice. The results indicate that these compounds exhibit low cytotoxicity, inhibit zymosan-induced writhing response, and modulate nitrite/nitrate levels and SOD activity.
The kākāpō evolved two color types to avoid detection by Haast's eagle and Eyles' harrier. Genome sequencing shows olive feather coloration emerged around 1.93 million years ago, coinciding with the evolution of these predators.
Scientists have successfully sequenced the genome of the spur-thighed tortoise, a threatened land turtle species, using a reference assembly method. The genome sequencing will enable conservation efforts and provide tools for protecting the species' populations.
A new study finds that cognitive behavioral therapy significantly improves multiple areas of sexual functioning, body image and couple satisfaction, while reducing menopause symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Researchers report a high level of participant satisfaction with the treatment.
A new study finds that greater trauma exposure, particularly sexual trauma, is associated with markers of accelerated brain age and neuroinflammation. Women, especially Black women, are at a higher risk of brain aging and Alzheimer's disease due to trauma exposure.
A comprehensive analysis found that reservation lands are less likely to host wind farms and solar farms due to regulatory barriers. The study predicts tribes would forego over $19 billion in lease and tax earnings by 2050 if the disparity persists.
Researchers at UW have created a flexible, durable electronic prototype that converts body heat into electricity, powering small electronics like batteries or sensors. The device is also resilient and can be used in various applications, including wearables and data centers.