A genetic variant affecting mitochondrial POLG enzyme function delays viral infection detection, leading to delayed severe inflammation and brain/liver damage. This mechanism explains variable ages of onset and manifestations of neurological diseases like MIRAS in patients carrying the variant.
New York Valves: The Structural Heart Summit is a world-class educational experience for the field of structural heart interventions. The summit will showcase advanced techniques, evidence-based medicine, and live-case demonstrations, offering attendees an unparalleled opportunity to explore the newest techniques and technologies.
A study developed a new referral pathway and Frenotomy Assessment Tool to identify breastfed babies with tongue tie requiring frenotomy. The tool found that 11% of breastfed babies had TT and 66% underwent frenotomy, suggesting that most infants were suffering from the condition.
A novel acoustofluidic micropump has been developed to efficiently drive liquid in energy and space, providing robust technical support for portable systems. The micropump exhibits high volume efficiencies and superior energy efficiency, exceeding reported values.
Researchers recorded the first documented case of an amphibian using ultrasound for self-defense against predators. The frog's distress call has a frequency range of 7 kHz to 44 kHz, inaudible to humans. This behavior is likely used to scare away potential predators, such as bats and rodents.
A new study led by York University found that frogs' visual pigments reflect the diversity of their environments, with little difference between diurnal and nocturnal species. The research suggests that even diurnal animals may have inherited night vision adaptations from their ancestors to survive in low-light conditions.
Biomolecular engineers have created bacteria that build and incorporate a key amino acid into their proteins, making them more visible to the immune system. This technology could lead to a live bacterial vaccine with targeted, sustained, and protective immune responses.
Researchers used nudging strategies like footprints on the floor to increase visibility of high-welfare products. The study found that consumers selected these products almost twice as frequently as control group participants.
Researchers at LMU Munich find that hexagonal shapes are ideal for self-assembly due to their six binding sites, leading to faster assembly times. This discovery has potential applications in nanotechnology and medicine, particularly in the synthesis of artificial viral capsids for biomedical purposes.
Researchers describe a new technique for minimally invasive removal of benign pancreatic tumors, preserving organ functionality and reducing complications. The retro-laparoscopic approach allows safe and effective tumor removal without removing healthy pancreatic tissue.
Researchers developed a novel theranostic platform that combines PET imaging and therapeutic radionuclides to detect and treat ovarian cancer. The system uses the huAR9.6 antibody to target the MUC16 protein, showing promise for improved patient survival rates.
Scientists developed a reliable proxy to reconstruct ancient marine oxygen levels, revealing a significant rise during the Late Paleozoic era. This finding suggests early animals evolved in oxygen-poor oceans, providing critical context for studying exoplanet atmospheres.
Researchers have discovered novel molecular pathways that may be selected for in the metastatic cascade, contributing to our understanding of clonal evolution of melanoma distant metastasis. The study found enrichment of PI3K and MITF pathways in the transition through the metastatic cascade.
A remote monitoring training system called SUKUBARA has been developed to help prevent frailty in older adults through home exercise programs. The system combines resistance and balance exercises into a quick program that can be completed at home, with a monitoring function allowing administrators to track participant progress.
Vaping additives, particularly vitamin E, can damage the lungs by inhibiting gas exchange and lung stability. The study used Langmuir films to simulate the expansion and compression of the pulmonary surfactant, observing how the additive changed its properties and monitored changes as more were added.
The study revealed three genetically distinct populations of rusty-patched bumblebees, highlighting the need for tailored conservation efforts. The analysis showed low colony abundance and high rates of inbreeding, threatening the long-term viability of the species.
Despite therapy, cystic fibrosis patients still suffer from persistent respiratory infections due to unregulated cell signals. By studying lung cells, scientists found a disruption in TGF-β and Wnt pathways, leading to bacterial docking station formation.
Researchers propose a thermal-electromagnetic null medium to control temperature fields and electromagnetic waves simultaneously, enabling the design of on-chip devices with improved electromagnetic compatibility and heat dissipation. The proposed surface transformation method allows for the creation of thermal-electromagnetic cloaks t...
A multicentre observational study found socioeconomic and ethnic disparities in access to cochlear implantation among UK adults. Men, those living in deprived areas, and Asian/Black individuals were less likely to be referred for the procedure, highlighting disparities in healthcare access.
Researchers have created the largest 3D map of the cosmos, measuring dark energy with unprecedented precision. The study provides insights into the expansion history of the young universe, with results agreeing with the Lambda CDM model but also hinting at potential differences that could indicate evolving dark energy.
A class of AI systems with advanced planning capabilities poses an existential risk, requiring new forms of government intervention. Existing regulatory approaches and empirical safety testing may not be sufficient to mitigate this risk.
Scientists developed a printable, bio-based aerogel using cellulose that is biocompatible, has high porosity, and excellent heat-insulating properties. Its anisotropy allows for controlled thermal conductivity and precise applications in medicine and microelectronics.
Researchers found that medical cannabis legislation in the US improves mental health for individuals with chronic pain and those using marijuana for medical reasons. However, no negative impact was observed on recreational users or younger populations.
Researchers at UTEP used prairie voles to study depression, finding they exhibit changes in behavior similar to humans, including weight loss and anhedonia. The study suggests that social defeat stress can activate the voles' stress response and lead to symptoms of depression.
Recent trials have shown that testing for tumour DNA in the blood can identify advanced bladder cancer patients who are less likely to relapse after surgery, allowing doctors to target treatments more effectively.
A traumatic brain injury quadruples the risk of developing dementia and neurodegenerative diseases like ALS. USC scientists used lab-grown human brain structures called organoids to study TBI's effects. They identified a gene, KCNJ2, that helps protect nerve cells against injury.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki used tree ring analysis to measure radiocarbon concentration after a massive solar storm, revealing new insights into atmospheric dynamics. The study provides valuable information on how to prepare for future threats from solar storms, which could disrupt electrical and mobile networks.
A team of international researchers has developed a hybrid device combining a stable proximitized-superconductor with magnetism, allowing precise control over its properties. This innovation could lead to significant advancements in quantum computing by stabilizing quantum bits and overcoming external influences.
A new study by the Ginger Network reveals that incorporating more beans and chickpeas into one's diet can lead to improved overall diet quality and healthier body weights. The research found that adult diets with higher bean intake resulted in lower added sugar consumption and reduced nutrient shortfalls.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus have discovered a mechanism by which a bacterial virus limits Salmonella's ability to cause infection. By compromising protein synthesis, the virus can allow the host to rehabilitate and potentially treat resistant cases.
A scientific review found only 128 studies investigating inter-connected drivers across infectious disease spread, biodiversity loss and climate change. Researchers highlight the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to identify win-win-win solutions and avoid unintended consequences.
A study analyzing canned salmon from 1979 to 2021 found stable anisakid worm levels in coho and sockeye salmon, while pink and chum salmon showed a rise. This suggests that the marine food web has adapted to changing conditions, with rising parasite levels indicating potential ecosystem shifts.
Researchers introduce new method to store data for generations using atomic-scale defects, exceeding current storage limits and energy consumption. The approach features 4D encoding schemes and can be applied to other materials with optically active defects.
Researchers have identified specific gut microbiota signatures associated with KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer. The study suggests that these microbes may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for identifying subtypes of CRC and inform personalized treatment approaches.
Scott Kopetz recognized for his development of novel therapies for BRAF-mutated colon cancer, while Elizabeth Travis awarded for her research on radiation effects on normal tissues. Their work has defined current practices in medical and radiation oncology.
Researchers found a link between Fontan circulation and accelerated epigenetic aging, which can cause complications like osteoporosis and renal impairment. The study suggests this acceleration starts in childhood and continues into adulthood, with potential new treatment opportunities to delay progression.
Researchers found that discontinuing specialist follow-up care for patients with slow-growing CLL had no negative impact on survival, hospital visits or infections. Most patients who ended follow-up developed minor infections treated with antibiotics.
Perinatal Mexican-American women discussed challenges facing their families during the pandemic, including accessing food, medical information, and mental health treatment. The study recommended actionable policies and programs to meet the needs of Latino communities during future emergencies.
A Mayo Clinic study suggests that active workstations, incorporating walking pads, bikes, and standing desks, can improve neurocognitive function and reduce sedentary time without reducing job performance. The study found improved reasoning scores when participants used active workstations compared to sitting.
Promoting livestock biodiversity and soil conservation strategies provides both social and environmental benefits. Diversified agriculture can mitigate simplified agriculture's negative impacts, including increased chemical use, water pollution, and biodiversity loss.
A new study found that music elicits bodily sensations and emotions linked to musical uncertainty and surprise, affecting heart and abdominal sensations.
A new study from Washington University School of Medicine found that nerve-stimulation treatment for obstructive sleep apnea is less effective for people with higher BMIs. The study analyzed data from 76 patients with BMIs of less than 35 and showed that the likelihood of successful treatment drops significantly as weight increases.
Researchers at Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago have identified a novel biological mechanism that regulates mitochondrial function through RNA methylation. This finding holds promise for developing new treatments for neurological diseases like spinal muscular atrophy and autism, as well as various cancers.
A study from Colorado State University explores how human activity is altering the atmospheric water cycle, leading to changes in precipitation distribution and cloud formation. The research uses science fiction narratives to imagine possible futures and spark conversations around water management policies.
Researchers at the University of Ottawa found that fans do improve sweat evaporation but provide only a small fraction of air conditioning's cooling power. The study advises against relying on fans during extreme heat events, especially for vulnerable populations.
Researchers used operando spectroscopy to study the oxygen evolution reaction in iridium oxide catalysts. The team found that binding of reaction intermediates to the electrode was controlled by long-range interactions between the intermediates and the solution, which depended on pH.
Researchers develop a computational approach to predict mutations leading to better proteins, with potential applications in neuroscience research and gene therapy. The technique uses a convolutional neural network to create a fitness landscape, enabling faster optimization of proteins.
A new study by CSIRO Australia and University of Toronto estimates that between 3-11 million metric tonnes of plastic pollution are sinking to the ocean floor. The research suggests that the ocean floor has become a reservoir for most plastic pollution, with plastic clusters around continents.
A recent study has found increased coronary vessel wall thickness in asymptomatic individuals living with HIV, which is significantly associated with impaired diastolic function. The study also highlights the impact of HIV on developing subclinical coronary artery disease and its effects on heart function.
A new educational credential system is being developed in Guatemala through an international UC3M project called ECOCredGT. Digital credentials are fundamental for re-training professionals and improving employability, as they allow knowledge and skills to be verified by potential employers.
Researchers developed a compact swept-source Raman spectroscopy system for identifying both chemical and biological materials. The portable system addresses limitations of bulky dispersive Raman spectrometers, providing accurate results comparable to conventional systems.
A new study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers found that one-third of ride-share drivers have been involved in a crash while working. The survey revealed that drivers are uniquely susceptible to crashes caused by cellphone use, tiredness, and driving on unfamiliar roads.
Researchers have discovered that mechanical damage caused by asthma attacks can lead to inflammation and mucus production. New treatments targeting the root cause of airway constriction may offer a more effective approach to managing asthma.
A new global study by the University of Copenhagen and University of Hohenheim finds that diversified agriculture improves food security, biodiversity, and well-being while having no negative effect on yields. Strategies such as livestock diversification and soil conservation yield positive outcomes.
A recent study by Martin Hetzer and colleagues shows that RNA molecules, crucial for cellular function, remain stable for two years in nerve cells of mice. These long-lived RNAs play a significant role in maintaining cellular longevity and protecting the genome.
Scientists have discovered genetic variants in BSN and APBA1 genes linked to adult-onset obesity, type 2 diabetes, and fatty liver disease. These variants are associated with a significant increase in obesity risk, highlighting a new biological mechanism for the condition.
A new publication reviews optical scanning endoscopes based on a single multimode fiber, offering insights into their fundamental mechanisms, key performance metrics, and applications. The article discusses techniques to overcome modal scrambling properties and improves imaging resolution and contrast.
Scientists at King's College London discovered that limiting damage from an asthma attack could stop the disease by blocking a process that causes epithelial cell death. The findings suggest that preventing this damage could also prevent long-term inflammation, wound healing, and infections in asthma sufferers.
The study examined the relationship between groundwater and ecosystems across California, identifying thresholds of vegetation greenness and groundwater depth that can determine groundwater needs for ecosystems. Groundwater-dependent ecosystems play a crucial role in biodiversity, and the research provides a data-driven foundation to g...
Scientists find a mismatch between research-driven approaches to seed provenancing and practical implementation challenges faced by restoration ecologists. Stakeholder survey results highlight the need for decision support frameworks that integrate science, practice, and stakeholder involvement.