A NIH-supported study found that daily reminders and incentives increased daily steps by over 1,500 for adults with heart disease risks, leading to a 6% reduced risk of premature death. The study also showed that combining financial and game-like rewards was most effective in sustaining long-term behavior change.
A new AI-based video biomarker is associated with aortic stenosis development and progression, allowing for opportunistic risk stratification across various imaging modalities. The study's findings suggest potential applications on handheld devices for early detection and intervention.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with a reduced risk of infective endocarditis in high-risk individuals following invasive dental procedures. However, its effectiveness in moderate-risk individuals is unclear.
A randomized clinical trial found that PSA screening compared to no routine screening resulted in a small reduction in prostate cancer deaths after 15 years. The absolute reduction in deaths was modest, but the finding suggests potential benefits of PSA screening.
The CAP trial found that PSA test screening led to a small reduction in prostate cancer deaths, but also resulted in overdiagnosis of 1 in 6 cancers. The study suggests that the benefits of screening do not outweigh the potential harms.
In a preliminary report from an ongoing clinical trial, prostate cancer screenings using PSA, Kallikrein Panel, and MRI detected higher rates of cancer compared to no screening. The study found one additional high-grade cancer per 196 men and one low-grade cancer per 909 men were detected in the screened group.
A new oral vaccine for recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) has been shown to prevent infections in over half of participants for up to nine years. The MV140 vaccine was found to be safe and effective, with no notable side effects reported.
A new study found that inter-atrial shunts improve symptoms and outcomes in heart failure patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), but worsen outcomes in those with preserved LVEF. The device reduces high pressures in the left atrium, causing shortness of breath and hospitalizations.
Researchers have developed protein-based nanoparticles that target and destroy specific cancer cells, providing a more efficient treatment option. This technology uses natural secretory granules found in the endocrine system to deliver proteins over an extended period.
The WVU Institute for Community and Rural Health is leading a five-year, $8.5 million cooperative agreement grant to support underserved farmers in West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and North Carolina. The project aims to increase agricultural production, provide working capital, and create farm-to-institution markets.
Researchers have developed a novel sensing platform that boosts the sensitivity of conventional optical sensors using exceptional points (EPs), allowing for improved environmental detection and biomedical imaging. The new EP-enhanced sensing platform enables ultrahigh sensitivity without complex modifications to the sensor.
A recent study published in Environmental Microbiology uses eDNA to analyze coral reef microbial communities, providing near-real time insights into ecosystem health. The research found that microorganisms can capture and predict stony coral tissue loss disease and hurricane disturbance impacts on US Virgin Island reefs.
Neuroscientists have identified RNA molecules in nerve cells that persist for a lifetime, contradicting the general understanding of their short lifespan. These long-lived RNAs (LL-RNAs) play a key role in regulating chromatin and maintaining genome stability.
Researchers develop method to preserve donor hearts for more than 24 hours, a major improvement over current six-hour time window. The new approach uses normothermic ex-vivo heart perfusion and has shown strong improvements in extending the shelf-life of donor hearts.
A new study at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center found that standardizing seizure action plans improves epilepsy management. The study involved 204 adult patients, who showed significant improvement in seizure management after receiving structured SAPs.
A computer program has been developed to aid in diagnosing mpox through electronic medical records, identifying patients at risk and prioritizing testing. The tool showed promising results, identifying nearly all cases of diagnosed mpox during the study period.
A recent study published in Journal of Neuroscience found that the sense of smell is highly influenced by cues from other senses, such as sight and hearing. The researchers used behavioral experiments and brain imaging methods to show how the olfactory brain processes smells, highlighting its unique ability to detect unexpected odors.
Researchers developed a Kerr-enhanced optical spring to boost the sensitivity of next-generation gravitational wave detectors. The new design successfully amplifies signals without increasing intracavity power, opening up new avenues for unraveling the universe's mysteries.
A new study found that younger people from high-income areas accessed vaccines ahead of schedule, particularly in New York City. This led to lower coverage rates in low-income areas with high proportions of older residents, resulting in higher mortality rates over the year.
A recent study at the University of Jyväskylä found that older adults' functional capacity domains are more closely linked, leading to a collapse in functioning. The researchers suggest that preserving people's functional capacity for as long as possible is crucial for maintaining a good quality of life.
Researchers observed a newly formed brown dwarf using ALMA and found spiral and streamer structures, suggesting chaotic interactions during formation. Simulations support two models: one involving collisions of collapsing clumps and another with the role of magnetic fields.
Researchers developed a breakthrough test to assess the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a pivotal regulator of ferroptosis. The assay accurately measures GPX4 activity and extends its utility beyond GPX4, allowing for precise evaluation of other enzymes involved in ferroptosis regulation.
A handheld device developed by Osaka Metropolitan University's team can detect multiple bacterial species within an hour, including disease-causing E. coli and salmonella. The sensor uses organic metallic nanohybrids to distinguish electrochemical signals on the same screen-printed electrode chip.
The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated pre-existing supply chain issues, leading to increased drug shortages in the US. Clinically valuable drugs at greatest shortage risk need prioritization to protect future supplies.
Researchers found a way to use heat to toggle a crystal between two electronic phases, storing qubits in topologically protected states that could reduce decoherence-related errors. The discovery may lead to the creation of flash-like memory capable of storing quantum bits of information.
A new study reveals insights into the human ovary's factors that enable follicles to mature, enabling potential treatments for ovarian hormone production restoration and fertility. The atlas may lead to the creation of artificial ovaries in labs using stored tissue, providing a longer fertility window for patients.
Weill Cornell Medicine scientists developed a human neuron model that simulates tau protein aggregate spread, a process driving cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. The model identified novel therapeutic targets, including the UFMylation cascade, which can potentially block tau spread.
A new reconstruction of the 375-million-year-old fossil fish Tiktaalik reveals that its ribs likely attached to its pelvis, enabling support of the body and potentially leading to the evolution of walking. This discovery provides insights into the major evolutionary transition from fish to four-limbed vertebrates.
A simple urine test can reduce the number of cystoscopies required to follow up high-risk bladder cancer patients by more than half. The test monitors for recurrence of bladder cancer by measuring levels of five target mRNAs and was found to be effective in picking up cancer recurrence before any disease was visible through a cystoscopy.
A recent study found that 78% of the world's bird species struggle to thrive in heavily modified environments, leading to declining populations and increased risk of extinction. Conservation efforts can be targeted towards species most sensitive to human activity, such as the Great Snipe and Nkulengu Rail.
Researchers at University of Cologne's CECAD Cluster of Excellence discovered that mitochondrial fusion boosts new neuron plasticity. The study found that as new neurons mature, their mitochondria fuse to acquire elongated shapes, sustaining synaptic plasticity and refining brain circuits.
Researchers have developed VECSELs with record output power and absolute frequency stability, overcoming the hurdle of spectral differences between glass fibers and quantum bits. These lasers enable low-loss transmission and precise frequency conversion for quantum internet applications.
Integrating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in prostate cancer screening pathways is associated with reduced unnecessary biopsies and overdiagnosis. MRI maintains clinically significant prostate cancer detection, reducing harm from overtreatment.
A multidisciplinary research team from HKUMed has developed an innovative screening platform to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 mutations on disease severity. They identified two FDA-approved drugs that can ease disease severity and discovered emerging viral variants with high potential to pose a significant risk to public health.
MD Anderson researchers presented studies on combination therapies for AML and lung cancer, tumor microbiomes in immunity, and improved HPV screening. Genetic markers predict extended survival with KRAS inhibitors and may identify patients who benefit from novel combinations.
A research team at UC Irvine has developed a tool to study tandem repeat expansions, which cause over 50 lethal human diseases. The database provides insights into disease connections and health disparities, enabling improved clinical diagnostics.
Researchers develop a new method using gold nanoparticle decorated polymers (GNDP) to improve detection of antigen-antibody reactions in infectious diseases. This approach results in higher optical density and improved sensitivity compared to traditional methods.
Scientists discovered that p53 rapidly restructures 3D chromatin organization to trigger a transcriptional response, identifying 340 target genes and strengthening the role of cohesin complex in this process. This new mechanism may inspire new therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment.
A simple blood test every five years is sufficient to screen low-risk men for prostate cancer, according to new research. Researchers found that only 0.13% of men with low PSA levels developed cancer after a decade.
A phase 2 study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute investigators found notable activity in pre-treated patients with a difficult-to-treat form of endometrial cancer, including six out of 16 patients experiencing tumor reduction. The combination of mirvetuximab soravtansine and pembrolizumab met its primary endpoint and showed promise for ...
Researchers at Princeton University used language models to optimize partial genome sequences and create more effective mRNA vaccines. The model successfully generated hundreds of new sequences, validating its results through lab experiments, and outperforming benchmarks for vaccine development.
Researchers developed a novel hydrogen injection method using palladium to address contact issues of buried oxide thin film transistors. This method reduces contact resistance by two orders of magnitude and increases charge carrier mobility, enabling the application of amorphous oxide semiconductors in next-generation storage devices.
Astronomers have detected a 'glory', a luminous phenomenon like a rainbow, in the atmosphere of WASP-76b, an ultra-hot giant exoplanet. The phenomenon occurs when light is reflected by clouds made up of perfectly uniform droplets, which could be iron or water.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute present promising results for various cancer types, including improved treatment options for non-small cell lung cancer and enhanced heart function in cancer survivors. The studies also provide new insights into the genetic architecture of prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa.
A new study by University of Alaska Fairbanks researchers challenges the long-held scientific principle that animals in high-latitude climates are larger than their relatives in warmer climates. The study found that Bergmann's rule applies only to a subset of homeothermic animals and ignores other climatic variables.
This special issue highlights photonics developments in Latin America, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, India, and China, showcasing regional growth and progress. The papers emphasize the importance of global cooperation and collaboration to address challenges and seize opportunities in the field.
Researchers at Rice University and the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign have found that chemical reactions can scramble quantum information, similar to black holes. This discovery could lead to new methods for controlling molecular behavior and improving the reliability of quantum computers.
Air pollution exposures are linked to increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The new PM2.5 standard may not be sufficient to mitigate these risks, especially for vulnerable populations.
Research highlights the significant impact of radio on Finland's famous composer Jean Sibelius, transforming him into a celebrated national hero and international media figure. The study shows how coordinated joint concerts and radio broadcasts helped increase Sibelius' global reach.
A new study reveals that ocean waves re-emit PFAS into the air at levels comparable to other sources, creating a boomerang effect. This cycle transports toxic PFAS back onto land, posing health risks in coastal regions.
A pilot study by UCLA Health investigators suggests that treating patients with immunotherapy and chemotherapy before surgery may improve long-term outcomes for those with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. The study found a higher rate of successful tumor removal and increased overall survival when compared to historical controls.
A clinical trial with PeriCord, a new tissue engineering product derived from umbilical cord and pericardium stem cells, confirms its feasibility in repairing damaged heart tissues after a heart attack. The therapy has demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and anti-inflammatory properties.
A study by researchers at the University of Leeds found that changes to fibre composition and yarn spinning system significantly reduce microfibre release. Current product specifications do not include these details, making it challenging for brands to make informed choices about garment sustainability.
A new study by VA researchers found biomarkers of intestinal permeability and signs of bacteria in the blood of military breachers exposed to controlled blasts during training. The findings suggest a direct connection between blast exposure and intestinal problems, including cognitive symptoms.
Researchers have discovered two sex pheromone receptors in male American cockroaches that respond to female pheromones PA and PB. The study reveals a complex mechanism where these pheromones interact with specific olfactory receptors to regulate courtship and mating behavior.
A Scripps Research team has uncovered a simple and inexpensive way to produce quaternary carbon molecules using an iron catalyst. This breakthrough could benefit drug developers by making molecules cheaper and easier to produce at small and large scales.
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities decreased slightly over the last four months, but labor force participation is leveling off. People with disabilities are still engaged in the labor force at a similar rate to last month.
Dr. Ching-Hon Pui will be honored for his contributions to pediatric cancer research, revolutionizing the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and improving survival rates above 90%. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital is recognized as a leading center in understanding, treating, and curing childhood cancer.
Climate change is impacting Common Loons through reduced water clarity, making it difficult for adults to find prey, leading to low chick weight and higher mortality rates. The study's findings suggest that heavy rainfall in July negatively affects water clarity, posing challenges for adult loons feeding their offspring.
Research analyzed genetic data from 3 million individuals and found connections between gene variants influencing alcohol use and many non-alcohol-related conditions. Individuals with protective alleles had better health but also worse outcomes in certain areas, such as tobacco use and skin cancer.