The Global Young Academy Asian Event-Global π Roundtable 2024 brought together experts to discuss strategies for addressing climate change and promoting sustainable development. The event explored topics such as resilient cities, mineral resources, and the integration of art and culture in scientific communication.
A new study from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health reveals that older adults today experience higher levels of physical and mental functioning than previous generations. Improvements in education, nutrition, and sanitation over the past century are likely key factors contributing to these changes.
Research uncovers crucial coupling mechanism between neuronal activity and mitochondrial function in aging mice, revealing potential pathway to combat age-related cognitive decline. Enhancing this mechanism improves cognition in aged mice, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
Researchers aim to make school inhaler programs sustainable and scalable to improve student health and safety, with a focus on rural areas where challenges exist. The study seeks evidence-based recommendations to inform policymakers, healthcare providers, and educators on how to implement effective asthma management strategies.
Researchers at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory have developed a technique to prevent unwanted waves that siphon off needed energy, increasing the efficiency of fusion reactions. Positioning a metal grate at a slight angle enhances heat put into the plasma and reduces slow modes, leading to more powerful and efficient fusion heating.
Research reveals more American cities are struggling with people living without running water due to unaffordable housing and the cost-of-living crisis. The study found that households of color were disproportionately affected, with 40% of Philadelphia's population but 66% of those without access to running water in 2021.
Researchers developed a preclinical model of brain stimulation therapy that enhances the brain's ability to process conflicting evidence. This improvement in cognitive flexibility could lead to more effective treatments for conditions like depression, ADHD, and addiction.
A study of Californian adults aged 19-89 found that growth mindset was associated with lower levels of depression and higher well-being. The research suggests that a growth mindset may help protect mental health during challenging times.
Researchers at University at Buffalo have developed a plasma-electrochemical reactor that produces ammonia from nitrogen in the air and water, with no carbon footprint. The process uses renewable electricity and can be scaled up to meet industrial demands.
Lanza joins 170 inventors from around the world who have generated over 20,000 licensed technologies and hold more than 2,000 patents. His nanoparticle-based innovations, including targeted PFC nanoparticles, are being used to detect blood clots and treat breast cancers.
Researchers found that delivering at 39 weeks provides the optimal balance between stillbirth risk and infant health issues, making it an ideal time frame for safest births. The study used a large-scale data set to provide evidence-driven recommendations for delivery timing among women with chronic hypertension.
Researchers at Université de Montréal successfully recreated two distinct mechanisms that can program the activation and deactivation rates of nanomachines in living organisms across multiple timescales. This breakthrough suggests how engineers can exploit natural processes to improve nanomedicine and other technologies.
A new study reveals that pregnant and postpartum individuals often have low-quality diets, which can impact their short- and long-term health outcomes. The study found that lower-income women and those with higher body mass indexes tend to have lower diet quality scores.
Researchers found that patience is a strategy to cope with feelings of impatience, triggered by unfair or unreasonable delays. People who are more emotionally skilled and agreeable tend to be more patient in such situations.
A McGill University-led study found patterns between triggers and symptoms of anaphylaxis, revealing a strong link between tree nuts and throat tightness. The research also suggests that drinking alcohol may increase the risk of severe reactions to nut allergies.
Researchers developed Concurrent Dynamic Quantum Logic (CDQL) to verify quantum protocols with concurrent actions, enhancing expressiveness and speeding up verification. CDQL provides a rigorous framework for verifying both sequential and concurrent models of quantum protocols.
A Norwegian study investigates the relationship between volunteers and patients, revealing that intimate disclosures can create an imbalanced dynamic. The researchers emphasize the importance of maintaining professional boundaries to avoid emotional burnout and ensure effective support.
Researchers reaffirm collective bond theory, demonstrating its stability through computational tools. The LiCF3 molecule's unique arrangement challenges traditional understanding of chemical bonds.
Chungnam National University researchers developed a rapid water quality monitoring chip for antibiotic detection using a microfluidic electrochemical sensor containing selenite-enriched lanthanum hydroxide. The chip demonstrated impressive results in real-world testing, showing recovery rates of 94.3% to 97.6% in soil and water samples.
The American Society for Nutrition Foundation and Novo Nordisk Foundation have launched two new awards to celebrate excellence in nutrition science, supporting mid-career researchers with groundbreaking discoveries. Early-career physicians are also recognized for innovative approaches to childhood obesity treatment.
A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that eating two servings of unprocessed beef daily has no adverse effects on traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Key findings include consistent evidence from RCTs showing lean beef consumption can be part of a heart-healthy diet.
A recent study discovered that assessing an individual's perceived walking speed relative to peers can identify those at risk of metabolic diseases. Faster walkers had lower risks of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
Research reveals particle emissions from offshore wind farms can be toxic to blue mussels, affecting their physiology and potentially impacting coastal ecosystems. The study calls for further research on long-term effects and the importance of multi-use wind parks for aquaculture.
A new study reveals music therapy can deliver an immediate reduction in agitation and anxiety, as well as improvements in attention, engagement, and mood. Music helps individuals feel safer and more orientated, lowering levels of distress and improving wellbeing.
Researchers discover that osteogenic CpG oligodeoxynucleotide iSN40 inhibits osteoclast differentiation and reduces bone resorption. This balanced approach could provide a new treatment option for osteoporosis, an imbalance in bone remodeling characterized by excessive bone resorption.
A study by Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin found that an MRI-first approach to detecting prostate cancer is safe and reliable, with normal MRI findings indicating a low risk of aggressive cancer. The strategy involves regular urological checks instead of biopsies for patients without suspicious findings.
Researchers at the University of Central Florida used the James Webb Space Telescope to analyze trans-Neptunian objects, revealing a clearer picture of how the outer solar system formed and evolved. The study found three distinct compositional groups among TNOs, shaped by ice retention lines that existed in the era when the solar syste...
The American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS) has selected three winners in its 2024 Faces of Biology Photo Contest. The contest aims to showcase biological research through impactful photography, highlighting its diverse forms and settings.
Professor Tom Crick has made a significant contribution to advancing the vision and mission of the British Science Association. He joins an exceptional group of individuals who have received this honor, recognizing his work in promoting science and society together.
New research reveals racial differences in mortality rates, with Black newborns facing higher risks of necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis. Addressing social determinants of health is critical for promoting health equity in hospital outcomes.
Researchers discovered a diversity of novel hydrothermal vent styles on the Arctic Ocean floor, including metal-poor hydrogen- and methane-enriched fluids. This expansion has significant implications for understanding the origin of these vents and assessing their global-scale impact on the ocean and Earth system.
The Allen Institute has announced eight promising scientists who will make up the 2024 Next Generation Leaders cohort, broadening the program's impact across all research areas. The expanded NGL community aims to strengthen networks across disciplines and encourage collaborative research.
A new genetic link has been identified between the DDX53 gene and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), providing crucial insights into the biological underpinnings of the condition. The study found that variants in the DDX53 gene contribute to ASD, particularly in males, highlighting its potential role in the male predominance observed in ASD.
A study led by University of Alaska Fairbanks researcher Sean Regan has identified a 620-mile segment of the Denali Fault as a site where two landmasses joined and were later torn apart. The research focused on formations at three locations in Southcentral Alaska, Yukon, and near Juneau.
Researchers at City of Hope have developed a blood test to identify patients with precancerous esophageal disease, offering promise for improved early screening. Additionally, the study discovered a mechanism linking aging and cellular dysfunction in breast cancer, suggesting potential biomarkers for early detection.
A Phase III clinical trial found that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) added to sorafenib improved progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, particularly those with macrovascular invasion. The study also showed improvements in quality of life for these patients.
Researchers create SciAgents framework to autonomously generate and evaluate promising research hypotheses in biologically inspired materials. The framework uses graph reasoning methods to organize relationships between scientific concepts, mimicking biological systems.
Researchers developed a groundbreaking method to produce ultrathin and ultra-flexible diamond membranes with unprecedented efficiency. These versatile materials enable the creation of innovative devices in fields such as electronics, photonics, mechanics, thermics, acoustics, and quantum technologies.
Researchers developed two machine learning algorithms to determine whisky origin and identify strongest aromas, outperforming human experts. The algorithms accurately classified whiskies into American or Scotch categories with over 90% accuracy.
Researchers have discovered that climate change and tsetse fly control measures can drive molecular changes in African trypanosomes, enabling them to infect animals without flies. New strains with reduced life cycles have been detected in Asia, South America, and southern Europe.
A study by the University of Surrey found that high-quality face masks reduce transmission risk by ninefold and doubling indoor air ventilation cuts it by nearly a third. Improving ventilation and physical distancing further minimizes the risk.
A University of Toronto study discovered a new communication pathway between the gut and lung, highlighting the role of a little-known protozoan in shaping immune responses. The study found that this microbe can worsen airway inflammation in allergic asthma but provide protection against respiratory infections.
Researchers found that methanolic extract and palmatine from Annona squamosa leaves exhibit analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hyperalgesic properties. Palmatine may be responsible for the plant's anti-arthritic effects. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and assess their therapeutic potential.
Newly published results from a 2021 experiment reveal the particle-level processes that create auroras. The Kinetic-scale Energy and momentum Transport experiment created an Alfvén wave, which accelerated electrons on magnetic field lines, similar to an auroral beam of electrons.
Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst designed a novel device that manipulates cell behavior by precisely modulating the pH of the cell's environment in real-time. The device was able to manipulate pH with a resolution of 0.1 pH units, far exceeding previous electrode-based attempts.
Researchers at UW and PNNL studied atomic composition of enamel samples from two human teeth, one 22-year-old and one 56-year-old, to understand how enamel changes with age. The study found higher levels of fluoride in the older tooth's shell regions, which could have implications for understanding tooth health as we age.
The global prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) varies by sex and region but persists globally across all age groups. ASD is significantly higher among males, with a higher prevalence in High-Income Asia Pacific regions.
Women with gestational diabetes who engaged in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during pregnancy had a lower risk of preterm birth compared to those who were less active. Concentrated periods of physical activity also offered similar benefits in reducing preterm birth risk.
Researchers developed an electrochemically stable and ultrathin polymer-based solid electrolyte, exhibiting over 2100 hours of stable battery cycling in Li-symmetric cells. The study offers a new approach for fabricating ultrathin solid electrolytes and provides insights into the mechanisms of dendrite-free formation.
A team of researchers from Institute of Science Tokyo discovered a large in-plane anomalous Hall effect in EuCd₂Sb₂ films under in-plane magnetic fields. This finding opens up new strategies for controlling electronic transport and advances applications in magnetic sensors.
iEnergy's inclusion in ESCI recognizes its high-quality research output, covering topics such as renewable energy and power systems. The journal has published 124 papers from leading researchers worldwide, attracting citations from top journals in the field.
Researchers synthesized dual-phase medium-entropy diboride-carbide UHTCs, demonstrating improved hardness and Young's modulus due to metal element exchange. The composite design enhances complementary properties, making them suitable for thermal protection structures in hypersonic vehicles.
A recent study published in Neurology has found that people with sleep apnea tend to have a larger hippocampus, a region crucial for memory and thinking. The study, which included mostly Latino participants, also discovered that lower oxygen levels during sleep were associated with increased brain volume and white matter hyperintensities.
A recent study from the University of Florida found that runners with thicker heels were more prone to injury due to confusion over foot strike patterns. Flatter shoes, on the other hand, were associated with lower injury rates and improved sensation with the ground.
Researchers discover surface chemistry unlike other centaurs on Chiron, with carbon dioxide and methane gases in its coma. The findings provide insight into the creation of our Solar System's origins and the unique processes producing Chiron's surface composition.
A recent study from the University of Missouri found that peripheral chemoreceptors are overactive in adults with type 2 diabetes, leading to increased cardiovascular risk. While high doses of oxygen reduced chemoreceptor activity, it did not improve glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity.
A new study by USC Dornsife researchers reveals how Illinois' repeal of the 'pay-to-stay' law, charging inmates for room and board, can inform national reform efforts. The study found that lawmakers used a pragmatic approach to reform, highlighting the importance of data-driven decision making in advancing criminal justice reform.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem celebrated its final Simon and Ethel Flegg Award Ceremony, recognizing Mosaica and Plugta for fostering unity and collaboration within the Jewish community. The award honors exceptional contributions to dialogue and understanding, inspiring efforts in acceptance and cooperation.
The American Association for Anatomy's Human Body Donation task force has submitted new best practices and standards for human body donation programs in the United States. The guidelines emphasize informed consent, oversight, and dignity in handling donated bodies.
Researchers integrate metasurfaces into devices like LEDs, lasers, and photodetectors to enhance performance, efficiency, and compactness. This progress can lead to advancements in industries such as AR/VR, renewable energy, and healthcare.