A new study reveals that the Amazon rainforest is at risk of a large-scale collapse if climatic and land-use thresholds are breached. The Southeastern Amazon has already shifted from a carbon sink to a source, while droughts, deforestation, and fires weaken its resilience mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a new immunotherapy based on STAb cells that outperforms existing CAR-T treatment in laboratory trials. The new therapy recruits natural T cells to fight cancer cells and overcomes limitations of current treatments.
A study published in Nature tracked neural activity of freely moving macaques using wireless eye tracking and neural monitoring. The research found that the visual cortex plays an active role in social behavior by providing signals to the prefrontal cortex, enabling the decision to cooperate.
Researchers found a more diverse range of microbiota in grey squirrel guts, which may improve their health and immunity. This difference could be linked to the destruction caused by grey squirrels' broad diet, including tree bark, a previously unknown trait.
The 2024 winners of the AAAS/Subaru Prize for Excellence in Science Books include titles on nature, ocean floors, and the solar system. The award recognizes exceptional science books that engage readers of all ages.
A study of human-animal co-burials from ancient Italy suggests that the practice may have been related to enduring companion relationships or religious beliefs. Researchers found that the people buried with animals did not share common traits, leaving multiple interpretations for this phenomenon.
A team of researchers has revised the fundamental equation for superconducting quantum bits, revealing that harmonics are superimposed on the fundamental mode, resulting in corrections that can lead to quantum bits that are 2-7 times more stable. Experimental evidence from multiple laboratories supports this finding.
A new review of 12 studies involving 2,901 participants found that tai chi was more effective than conventional exercise in improving functional mobility and balance. The study also identified specific factors, such as shorter duration and Yang-style focus, that contributed to the benefits.
A study by University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers discovered that protons are the primary signals transmitting tactile sensations from Merkel cells to nerves. Protons bind to ASIC receptors on nerve endings, triggering an influx of sodium ions that propagate action potentials up the nerve towards the brain.
A study published in Nature Communications reports the discovery of a wound-homing molecule called CAR peptide, which accelerates tissue repair by activating natural healing pathways. The treatment shows promise for treating various injuries, including muscle ruptures and bone fractures, without forming less functional scar tissue.
Researchers at McGill University discovered a new mechanism for the attachment of avian eggshell membranes to their shells. This finding has significant implications for tissue engineering and biomaterial grafts, as well as reducing losses in the commercial egg and poultry industry.
State-owned enterprises experience greater regulatory scrutiny in foreign acquisitions, but acknowledging social and political dynamics can help temper this liability. SOEs can also work with local communities to overcome negative perception by acquiring firms through subsidiaries or committing to local employment, reducing additional ...
The ETRI AI analysis service platform provides real-time win rate predictions and game highlight generation with an accuracy rate of over 87% in the League of Legends tournament. The platform recognizes real-time game situations by analyzing play elements from game videos and offers personalized play strategies.
A UC Irvine-led research team has developed new recombinant rabies viral vectors for neural circuit mapping, offering improved capabilities for detecting microstructural changes in brain neurons. These tools hold potential for understanding neural circuitry in both normal and pathological conditions.
Scientists have developed a cage-like molecule to trap sulfate in water, which could help control its concentration in health, industry, and environmental management. The molecular trap can be prepared inexpensively from off-the-shelf chemicals and has potential applications in medicine, such as treating cystic fibrosis.
A study found that older participants and women were more likely to interpret emojis correctly, while younger men had difficulty. The results highlight the importance of context when using emojis in communication.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, have created soft electronic sensors that can detect bioelectric signals from skin, muscles, and organs. These sensors empower individuals with limb disabilities to control robotic prostheses, machinery, and motorized wheelchairs using alternative muscle movements.
Researchers identify a promising prognostic biomarker for lung cancer using circulating tumor DNA-based minimal residual disease detection. The study found that this method can effectively guide treatment decisions and predict recurrence risk, potentially modifying the lung cancer treatment paradigm.
A new metamaterial has been developed to convert circular vibration ultrasound, enabling the detection of cracks in various directions within structures. This technology is expected to improve the functionality of existing ultrasonic technologies and be used for industrial non-destructive testing and ultrasound imaging.
Researchers at LMU developed pMINFLUX multiplexing to overcome traditional resolution limits in super-resolution microscopy. This allows for simultaneous localization of multiple dyes and investigation of rapid dynamic processes between biomolecules.
A narrative review article in NeuroRehabilitation addresses the medicolegal challenges of litigating cases involving patients with disorders of consciousness. Clinicians and neurolitigators must be aware of the nuances, including terminology, assessment, prognosis, treatment, and patient rights.
Researchers from Osaka University developed an innovative biomanufacturing technology using chemically synthesized non-natural sugars, enabling fermentation production of lactate and solving the problem of competing with food. This achievement will expand biomanufacturing and provide a sustainable raw sugar supply.
Researchers at ISTA developed a novel 'Flash and Freeze-fracture' technique to analyze brain region communication. The method reveals that neurons in the medial habenula exhibit unusual behavior, contradicting general understanding, and provides insights into protein localization and synapse strengthening.
Researchers developed a new epigenetic clock that predicts biological age from DNA structure, distinguishing between genetic differences that slow and accelerate aging. The model, called CausAge, includes only damaging or protective changes, allowing for more accurate evaluation of anti-aging interventions.
Researchers developed a high-speed modulation system combining digital display with super-resolution imaging, significantly improving lateral and axial resolution. This enables detailed study of subcellular structures in animal cells and plant ultrastructures, paving the way for future biological discoveries.
Researchers have found that theoretical quantum theory extensions can be symbolized by nonlocal boxes, which explore aspects of quantum entanglement and nonlocality. The study enhances comprehension of the constraints and borders of quantum theory extensions.
A study by researchers at Université libre de Bruxelles found that climate change is a significant driver of West Nile virus emergence in Europe. The virus can now be transmitted to humans through mosquitoes, posing a public health threat. Climate change is also linked to an increase in population density and the spread of the virus.
A new study proposes a framework for standardizing biomarkers of aging, which could help translate them into clinically actionable tools. The framework suggests using multi-omic approaches and considering associations with other health factors to improve predictive performance and reliability.
A new University of Michigan study reveals that nearly 15% of Americans deny climate change's reality, with a strong correlation between Republican voters and climate change deniers. The study found that belief in climate change varies substantially within states, with some areas having higher denial rates than others.
A recent study has uncovered 145 genes crucial for genome stability, shedding light on genetic factors influencing human health over a lifespan. The research highlights the potential of SIRT inhibitors as a therapeutic pathway for cohesinopathies and other genomic disorders.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School have explored a new approach to combat HIV by enhancing Natural Killer cell function. The study found that providing healthy NK cells and an anti-HIV drug resulted in significant reductions in infection burden, offering a potential cure strategy.
The tawny owl's pale grey plumage is linked to crucial functions aiding survival in cold environments, including energy homeostasis and fat deposition. Genetic analysis reveals a 70-100% accuracy in predicting grey coloration through specific genetic variants.
A study published in Oncotarget has identified specific mutational and therapeutic landscapes of pancreatic cancer in the Russian population. By applying machine learning models to full exome individual data, researchers received personalized recommendations for targeted treatment options for each clinical case.
Scientists used new techniques to analyze gene activities during mouse prenatal development, revealing hundreds of cell types and their formation. The study showed that massive transcriptional changes occur at birth, potentially necessary for survival outside the womb.
A research team has identified an immune biomarker that explains why some patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) fail to respond to immunotherapy. The biomarker could lead to the development of new immunotherapies by restoring an effective immune response against HCC.
A study published in Nature Cardiovascular Research reveals that a dynamic synergy between cell types facilitates cardiac renewal, challenging existing paradigms. Targeting the microenvironment rather than specific cell types is key to healing injured hearts.
A new publication provides insights into the relationship between movies and microbiology, exploring how films can educate the public about microbial concepts. The review highlights examples of movies that accurately portray scientific concepts, such as viral host recognition and epidemiology, to teach undergraduate students.
A new study challenges the idea that Eurasia's dominant East-West axis led to faster development due to its unique orientation. The researchers found that environmental barriers hindered the spread of cultural traits across societies, but did not consistently favor Eurasia.
A new analysis method for detecting bacteria in blood has been confirmed to provide accurate and fast results at smaller hospitals, enabling quicker antibiotic treatment. The test revealed a significant reduction in unnecessary antibiotic use and an improved patient outcome in one out of four cases.
The study reveals that a limited number of exceptional fossil preservation sites can significantly impact the global availability of phylogenetic data. This distortion can affect our understanding of bird, scaly reptile, and dinosaur evolution.
A BMJ survey shows that more than nine out of ten doctors have struggled to find suitable childcare for their work schedule, with many citing high costs as a major issue. The survey found that the lack of flexible and affordable childcare options is leading to stress, guilt, and even career change among doctor parents.
Scientists at the University of California, Riverside, have identified 898 RNA-dependent proteins in the deadliest human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. These findings could lead to novel therapeutic targets against malaria and highlight the importance of RNAs in biological pathways in the parasite.
Researchers have discovered an estimated 348,000 square kilometers of shallow coral reefs worldwide, revising previous estimates. The high-resolution satellite maps also identify areas with hard and soft bottoms, providing valuable data for scientists and policymakers to better understand and manage reef systems.
Researchers developed a compact, cost-effective PA sensing instrument for biomedical tissue diagnosis, showcasing its potential to streamline sampling processes and improve diagnostic accuracy for breast disease. The instrument successfully differentiated various tissue types based on quantitative spectral parameters.
A team of physicists and veterinary scientists at Purdue University has developed a method to detect chemoresistance in cancer patients using biodynamic imaging (BDI). This technique measures the motions inside cancer cells and how they respond to chemotherapy, identifying patients who will not respond to treatment. The study shows pro...
A therapist-guided digital cognitive behavioural therapy reduced distress in 89% of participants with long-term physical health conditions. The COMPASS programme showed significant improvements in anxiety, depression, daily activities, and quality of life.
Researchers have discovered how lenacapavir disrupts the HIV life cycle by fortifying the capsid and making it brittle. This leads to a premature breakage of the capsid, exposing the viral genetic material to the host cell cytoplasm.
A study published in Global Ecology and Conservation found that three-quarters of vegetation types in North, Central, and South America fall below the Global Biodiversity Convention's target of 30% protection. The research highlights that over 40% of threatened bird and mammal species are mostly found in a single vegetation type.
A recent Drexel University study found nearly a quarter of binge eating patients have used cannabis in the past three months. Cannabis use was related to drinking patterns and problems with drinking, but not to severe eating disorder symptoms or depression.
Researchers have developed a hand-held biosensor that can detect breast cancer biomarkers from saliva with high accuracy and efficiency. The device is portable, reusable, and cost-effective, making it an excellent choice for communities or hospitals without access to advanced technologies like MRI.
Studies tracking influenza A(H3N2) evolutionary dynamics over 22 seasons show genetic distance and subtype interference as key factors in determining epidemic timing and severity. The study highlights antigenic drift of HA and NA antigens, with increased NA drift linked to greater epidemic intensity and dominance of the A(H3N2) subtype.
A study of over 3,500 men with prostate cancer found that a plant-based diet significantly improved measures of sexual function, urinary health, and vitality scores. The research suggests that adding more fruits and vegetables to the diet while reducing meat and dairy can have a positive impact on quality of life.
A study found that acupuncture can lower the risk of ischaemic stroke in people with rheumatoid arthritis. The treatment was effective regardless of sex, age, medication use, or co-existing conditions, and may work by reducing pro-inflammatory proteins in the body.
A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found a causal link between government policies and mental health decline in people with Black Caribbean heritage. The research team analyzed data from over 58,000 participants and found an increase in psychological distress after the 2014 Immigration Act and the Windrush scandal.
Research reveals that bleaching reefs release organic compounds that promote bacterial growth, leading to an increase in opportunistic bacteria and potential pathogens. This shift in microbial communities may harm corals through suffocation or disease.
The Mark Foundation for Cancer Research and the Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation have awarded $1.5 million to six investigative teams focusing on the links between aging and cancer. The funding aims to improve prevention strategies and develop less toxic treatments.
A large survey of Australian university employees reveals a sector suffering high stress, exhaustion, and unrelenting work pressures. The study found that digital stress, job security, and resourcing are top concerns, with researchers calling for a sector-wide policy to report on psychosocial safety climate as a key performance indicator.
Researchers found that fishers' operational decisions and social structures play a crucial role in adapting to climate change. Cooperatives can be resilient to short-term shocks, but small-scale cooperatives may become more vulnerable as climate change progresses.
Researchers found Joro spiders can thrive near busy roads, attacking simulated prey 59% of the time, despite slight differences in attack rates, without compromising their health or body mass. The species' ability to tolerate urban vibrations and sounds is likely a key factor in its exponential growth
A team of scientists has successfully used a neural prosthetic device to recall specific memories in adults with epilepsy. The device uses a person's own memory patterns to facilitate the brain's ability to encode and recall memory, showing promise for cognitive enhancement technologies.