Researchers have created a genAI model called 'drugAI' that can generate unique molecular structures for potential drugs with high binding affinity and efficacy. The model outperforms traditional methods in terms of speed and cost, opening up new possibilities for disease treatment.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have identified genomic regions associated with resistance to four diseases in corn: Goss's wilt, gray leaf spot, northern corn leaf blight, and southern corn leaf blight. The study found that multiple genes working together can provide durable resistance against different pathogens.
A global ocean of liquid water has been found beneath Mimas' icy shell, with an estimated age of 5-15 million years, suggesting recent ocean formation and potential for life to emerge. This discovery adds Mimas to the list of moons with internal oceans, including Enceladus and Europa.
New research reveals that 'green' cleaning products are no safer than regular ones, emitting volatile organic compounds that can harm indoor air quality. Manufacturers must provide clearer information on product ingredients and mitigation strategies to reduce harm.
A real-world study published in Pain Practice found that patients with neuropathic back pain, postoperative/posttraumatic pain, or shingles experienced reduced pain intensity after multiple high-concentration capsaicin patch applications. The study also showed a significant reduction in opioid use among participants.
The book provides a systematic analysis of the Chinese credit bond market, covering institutional, technological, macroeconomic, and microeconomic factors. It offers tools for investors, fund managers, researchers, and university students to understand the market's evolution, existing problems, and development direction.
Researchers at Imperial College London created a novel molecular toolkit to enhance compound production in yeast communities. The toolkit allowed them to split the resveratrol production pathway, resulting in enhanced production and more stable partnerships between yeast strains.
Researchers have developed a new gene mapping technique that reveals how genetic alterations in cells lining blood vessels contribute to coronary artery disease. The technique, called Variant-to-Gene-to-Program (V2G2P), identifies biological mechanisms driving CAD risk by linking genetic variants to gene expression and function.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm to analyze brain scans and clinical data, predicting treatment response with 8-week accuracy.
Researchers found that positioning stroke patients with large vessel ischemic strokes at 0-degrees resulted in significant improvements in neurological function compared to those with 30-degree head positioning. This approach optimized blood flow through the narrowed artery and improved collateral arteries, leading to better outcomes.
A team of researchers from Wayne State University received a $1.4 million grant to investigate the role of cytochrome c in prostate cancer aggressiveness and the Warburg effect. The study aims to establish novel therapeutic targets to overcome treatment resistance.
Researchers at Australian National University developed a new method to accurately spot underground nuclear tests, including those conducted in secret. The approach achieved a 99% success rate in classifying known explosions, including those conducted by North Korea from 2006 to 2017.
A US study published in The BMJ found that a person's chance of surviving while receiving CPR for cardiac arrest declines rapidly from 22% after one minute to less than 1% after 39 minutes. The likelihood of leaving hospital with no major brain damage also decreases significantly after 32 minutes without heartbeat.
A new study reveals conflicting national and sectorial targets, as well as differing availability of abatement options, hinder companies' ability to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. The researchers propose introducing a carbon measurement and management process alongside a dynamic framework to align climate targets and actions.
Researchers found that blueberry blue color comes from external wax structures, not pigments in the skin. These structures scatter blue and UV light, giving blueberries their blue appearance to humans and birds.
Researchers have found a connection between the brain and its tough protective covering, the dura mater, allowing waste fluid to leave the brain while exposing it to immune cells. This discovery has implications for neural-immune system responses and aging, potentially leading to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers found that artepillin C interacts intensely with tumor cells, altering their fluidity and triggering autophagy. The study's results contribute to a deeper understanding of the substance's action mechanisms and provide insights for future research.
A randomized clinical trial of 1,015 participants found that apixaban did not significantly reduce recurrent stroke risk compared to aspirin in patients with cryptogenic stroke and atrial cardiopathy. The study suggests that alternative treatments may be more effective for preventing stroke recurrence in these patients.
A study found that nearly 20% of Indian adults aged 60 and above exhibit symptoms of mild neurocognitive disorders. The LASI-DAD survey reveals a higher prevalence than previously recognized.
A research team has discovered a novel mechanism by which stress affects the brain, revealing a potential new pathway for treating depression. Stress increases the production of MMP-8, an enzyme that alters neuron function and leads to behavioral changes.
The University of Houston is part of a $30 million DOD grant to enhance national security through community investments. The grant will support the development of novel advanced manufacturing methods to ensure a stable supply of domestically produced high-quality tactical alloys critical for national defense.
The Arctic Landscape EXplorer (ALEX) provides spatially explicit information on recent or ongoing thaw and erosion in the Arctic. ALEX contains data on satellite-derived trends in land surface changes at 30m resolution, offering insights into permafrost stability and its impact on infrastructure and communities.
A new study published in the Journal of Dairy Science explores the use of spent hemp biomass as a feed ingredient for lactating dairy cows. The research shows that hemp biomass is safe and does not negatively affect milk production or animal health, despite being less palatable due to its characteristic smell. The study suggests potent...
A recent analysis found a strong link between air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular diseases worldwide. In low-income countries, household air pollution caused significantly more stroke-related deaths than outdoor air pollution.
A new study reveals that former Rwandan genocide perpetrators who returned to their communities articulating a 'narrative of redemption,' saying they were good people despite past crimes. The researchers found that many received warm welcomes from families and/or their communities, leading to an identity shift and a sense of belonging.
A research team has observed and quantitatively characterized the many-body pairing pseudogap in unitary Fermi gases, resolving longstanding debates. This achievement supports pairing as a possible origin of the pseudogap in high-temperature superconductors, advancing our understanding of strongly correlated systems.
A new study suggests hydroquinine, a naturally occurring compound found in tree bark, can effectively disinfect contact lenses and combat keratitis infections. The compound killed 99.9% of bacteria at the time of disinfection, making it a potential alternative to existing disinfecting solutions.
A randomized clinical trial of 336 patients with extensive ischemic stroke found that endovascular thrombectomy improved clinical outcomes across a range of infarct volumes. However, the treatment's effectiveness was limited by low enrollment rates among patients with minimal penumbra volume.
A new study transforms sewage sludge into activated carbon, reducing energy costs and increasing its industrial value. The process produces a highly porous material useful for decontamination processes like water purification and gas treatment.
A study conducted at a FAPESP-supported research center discovered a link between the protein VAPB and tumor cell proliferation in medulloblastoma, one of the most common and aggressive brain tumors in children. High expression of VAPB correlated with reduced patient survival.
A recent study published in Hepatology has investigated the connection between platelet function and complications in patients with cirrhosis. The researchers found that decreased platelet activation predicts hepatic decompensation and mortality, highlighting the importance of personalized therapeutic approaches.
A new study shows that Africa's rice production can be increased by employing improved agronomic practices such as soil nutrition, weed control, and water management. This can help meet projected demand of 150 million tons by 2050 without increasing imports or land conversion.
Johns Hopkins researchers have made progress toward developing a blood test to identify disease-associated changes in the brain linked to postpartum depression and other psychiatric disorders. They identified 26 placental mRNAs present in maternal blood only during pregnancy, which reflected changes occurring inside the tissues.
Researchers developed a machine learning framework that encodes images like a retina, reducing sensory encoding challenges in neural prostheses. The actor-model approach produced images eliciting a neuronal response more akin to the original image response.
A team of researchers analyzed 61 symptomatic and 35 asymptomatic knees with discoid lateral meniscus surgery. They found that larger meniscus sizes were associated with increased knee pain and symptoms. The study's results have important implications for surgical treatment and preoperative imaging.
Regular nature visits are more beneficial to well-being of lower-income people than richer individuals, according to a University of Vienna study. People on low incomes at high risk of mental health problems can benefit from time spent in nature, which reduces stress and improves overall health.
A comprehensive analysis of China's iron and steel industry reveals the urgent need for greener practices to mitigate climate change and enhance air quality. The study advocates for energy-efficient technologies, advanced techniques, and ultra-low emission standards to pave the way for a sustainable future.
Scientists have found a new treatment target for CDKL5 deficiency disorder, one of the most common types of genetic epilepsy. By boosting another enzyme's activity, they may be able to compensate for the loss of CDKL5 and potentially treat some effects on the brain in early development.
Researchers found that attempted suicide risk increases as individuals move up the economic ladder in prosperous neighborhoods, highlighting the need for universal suicide screening and prevention strategies. The study's findings call for more research on risk and protective factors at community and societal levels.
Researchers found an association between erectile dysfunction drug use and a lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Those taking the drugs were 18% less likely to develop Alzheimer's than non-users after adjusting for other factors.
A research team at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf develops a new approach for fast and cost-effective pathogen detection using miniaturized biosensor devices and systems. The system can simultaneously carry out up to thirty-two analyses of one sample, offering significant advantages over traditional electronic FET-based biosensors.
Researchers led by Bruno Arsioli have observed a non-uniform distribution of high-energy photons in the Sun's gamma-ray emissions, with polar regions emitting more radiation than expected. This finding suggests a possible link between cosmic rays and the solar magnetic field, which could inform space weather forecasts.
The first dinosaurs were faster and more dynamic than their competitors, maintaining a wider range of running styles. This adaptability allowed them to diversify and thrive after the end-Triassic mass extinction, leading to their success on Earth for so long.
A systematic review found that female individuals and caregivers tend to report a greater impact of food allergy on health-related quality of life. Additionally, males may experience more improvements in quality of life following immunotherapy for food allergy.
Researchers have developed a new treatment combining immunotherapy with lab-cultivated T-cells from patients' blood, which significantly inhibits triple-negative breast cancer growth and metastasis. The treatment has shown promising outcomes in animal models, but further testing in humans is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Researchers create a mathematical model that explains how pit vipers amplify small signals and transmit them to their brain with high fidelity. The study reveals that the snakes' sensory organ can detect milli-Kelvin changes in temperature, requiring it to be 1,000 times more sensitive than its underlying molecular sensors.
A study found that diets high in ultraprocessed foods increase phthalate levels in pregnant women, potentially causing oxidative stress and adverse fetal development. Pregnant women are advised to limit their consumption of fast food and packaged goods, opting for fresh fruits, vegetables, and lean meats instead.
A new study by North Carolina State University finds that daily activities called 'uplifts' can significantly improve emotional well-being after a traumatic loss. These uplifting activities, such as engaging in hobbies or spending time with loved ones, are found to be particularly beneficial on days when individuals report feeling older.
Researchers found elevated PROX1 levels in advanced colon adenocarcinoma, correlating with poor prognosis. PROX1 modulates CRC cell behavior, influencing invasiveness and survival outcomes. The combined PROX1/α-SMA gene set emerges as a potential CRC prognostic marker.
A new study of a 7–8-million-year-old extinct fossil ape from China, Lufengpithecus, offers new insights into the evolution of human bipedalism. The researchers found that early apes shared a locomotor repertoire ancestral to human bipedalism, and their analysis suggests a three-step evolution of human bipedalism.
Researchers have discovered two new freshwater hyphomycete species, Acrogenospora alangii and Conioscypha yunnanensis, in southwestern China. These additions to the genera enhance the diversity of freshwater fungi known in the region, providing valuable insights into their ecological roles.
A Brazilian study found that prior zika infection significantly increases the risk of developing severe dengue and being hospitalized. The study analyzed samples from over 1,000 laboratory-confirmed dengue patients and identified a higher viral load and inflammatory cytokine levels in those with prior zika infections.
A new study suggests that instrumental lies and white lies told by parents can encourage children to lie, with the effect seen only when children know they have been lied to. This finding highlights a need to understand the relation between parental lying and children's outcomes.
A study finds that individuals with biomedical expertise are influential anti-vaccine advocates on Twitter, sharing misinformation and sowing doubt. The research highlights the need for public education, credential verification, and disciplinary actions against health professionals spreading false information.
A new UK study provides insight into the diversity of neurodivergent experiences among adults. The research found significant overlap in characteristics between different neurodevelopmental conditions, as well as distinctive traits associated with each condition. This study offers a framework for examining neurodiversity across the who...
Researchers have discovered that Schwann cells, previously thought to be solely responsible for protecting nerve fibers, also detect sensory stimuli such as touch, heat, and cold. The findings open new avenues for understanding and treating pain and impaired touch perception.
A team of researchers at McMaster University uncovered the elusive bottleneck hindering the conversion of carbon dioxide into fuels and chemicals. The study provides new insights into the degradation process of catalysts, enabling the development of strategies to improve their operational lifetimes.
A new study found that a four-week family-based food literacy program reduced fruit and vegetable-avoidable waste in families with school-aged children. The program included online cooking classes, text messages, and toolkits to promote meal preparation and reduce food waste.
A University of Kansas study found that creating visual art may be an effective strategy to reduce delay discounting, a concept related to self-control and the ability to defer gratification. The research suggests using art as a delivery method for episodic future thinking could support improved treatment outcomes.
Monash University researchers have developed a treatment that restores the protective side of the immune system, preventing autoimmunity in people with lupus. The new method uses human cells to introduce protective molecules into defective T-regs, effectively 'resetting' the abnormal immune system.