A study found that preschool fine motor skills, including drawing and block building, are associated with higher GCSE grades at age 16. Lower fine motor skills during the preschool years were linked to more behavioral problems and ADHD symptoms in primary and secondary school.
A new study from MIT researchers found that doctors are less accurate in diagnosing skin diseases based on images of patients with darker skin. The researchers also discovered that an artificial intelligence algorithm can assist doctors in improving their diagnosis, although the improvements were more pronounced for lighter skin tones.
A new antiviral drug candidate has been found to improve flu vaccine efficacy and show promise against resistant virus variants. The study, published in PLoS Pathogens, tested the potential of 4'-fluorouridine as an influenza drug and found that resistant variants were severely weakened in mice and impaired in ferrets.
A recent study using synchrotron experiments found that elastic differential stress can develop mineral fabrics in rocks, even before irreversible strain accumulates. This challenges conventional knowledge that only differential stress is needed for fabric development. The research has implications for understanding the role of stress ...
Cliodynamics estimates that societies develop social complexity over 2,500 years on average, with common pathways in human social evolution. The study analyzed data from 370 polities using nine complexity characteristics.
The new EU-funded project 'FOOD includes' aims to increase take-up and improve the inclusiveness of adult education by developing food-based training initiatives. The project will recruit and engage traditionally excluded or non-interested learners, helping them recognize their skills and build confidence.
A clinical trial is underway to help patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) stick with medication treatment. The trial uses a patient-administered wearable device that delivers mild electrical stimulation to alleviate symptoms of both conditions.
A new study by the University of Georgia suggests that reducing homelessness by 25% can save almost 2,000 lives lost to opioid overdoses. Strengthening social safety nets and increasing housing security could help curb growing deaths from drug and alcohol poisoning.
A novel pancake optics system is proposed to address the challenges of low optical efficiency in VR and MR displays. The system incorporates a nonreciprocal polarization rotator, which enables a lossless design with improved optical efficiency.
The research group evaluated the on- and off-target effects of a self-assembled EGFR siRNA delivery system, finding potent interference with only 1/2000000 of synthetic transfection amount. Transcriptomic analysis revealed minimal off-target effects in normal tissues and significant anti-EGFR effects in tumor cells.
Researchers found that combining SORA with FGF21 increases the sensitivity of SORA to HCC cells under hypoxia conditions. This combination therapy promotes apoptosis and inhibits tumor growth through the PI3K/AKT pathway, suggesting a new potential treatment approach for advanced liver cancer.
A protein called PARP1 forms a special healing zone that holds loose DNA ends together and allows DNA repair to begin. This discovery provides valuable insight into the molecular basis of DNA damage repair and its potential application in cancer treatment.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a new genetic biocontainment method that directly targets essential proteins, providing a robust escape frequency. The method uses an estradiol-controlled destabilizing domain degron to control survival of genetically engineered yeast organisms.
Researchers found that pancreatic cancer cells employ a 'favorable genetic reshuffling' to evade treatments, leading to a potential breakthrough in developing targeted drugs. Alternative splicing plays a crucial role in this process, and the study identifies a specific splicing regulator called 'Quaking' that promotes chemoresistance.
CU Anschutz researchers find specific brain cells in the hippocampus that respond to odors and facilitate rapid go, no-go decisions. The study reveals the involvement of time cells in associative learning and their potential role in memory encoding.
A large study of nearly 200,000 newborns in Sweden and Norway found that COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was not associated with any increased risks in newborn infants. In fact, babies born to vaccinated mothers had lower mortality rates and fewer serious complications.
A new study by Boston University School of Public Health found that many excess mortality rates from chronic illnesses were driven by COVID-19 infections, contradicting previous claims. The study estimated 1.2 million excess natural-cause deaths in US counties during the pandemic, with 163,000 uncounted COVID-19 deaths.
Researchers identified the novel odorant 5-vinylguaiacol as the source of a clove-like off-flavor in orange juice, which is formed through the reaction of hesperidin with peracetic acid during pasteurization. This finding may lead to changes in cleaning agent use in the industry.
Researchers found a four-fold increase in immune response when people alternate arms during two-dose vaccinations. The study showed improved immunity to the original and omicron variants after three weeks and persisted beyond 13 months.
A team of researchers has identified a way to turn on a vital bacterial defense mechanism to fight and manage bacterial infections. By leveraging the cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage signaling system (CBASS), bacteria can self-destruct to prevent viral attacks, offering a fresh approach to tackling antibiotic resistance.
Researchers have discovered a new growth factor, MYDGF, that plays a crucial role in liver regeneration. The study found that higher levels of MYDGF are present in patients' blood after partial liver removal, and that it stimulates the proliferation of human hepatocytes in tissue cultures.
A new study proposes that the Seattle fault zone originated from an ancient tear in the continent, with forces exerted by tectonic deformation shaping its history. The researchers mapped bedrock across western Washington and used gravity and magnetic data to test existing hypotheses of the fault's geometry.
Researchers developed a four-week program combining timed daily activities to decrease daytime sleepiness and improve nighttime sleep quality. The study found significant improvements in quality of life (QOL) and sleep quality among participants with memory issues.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo discovered a way to improve gold catalysts' durability by creating a protective layer of metal oxide clusters. The enhanced gold catalysts can withstand a greater range of physical environments, increasing their range of possible applications and reducing energy consumption.
A Phase I first-in-human clinical trial has demonstrated the safety and anti-tumor activity of OMO-103, a novel MYC inhibitor. The study showed favorable safety profile with only mild side effects, and notable clinical benefits in patients, including disease stabilization and tumor shrinkage.
Researchers discuss recent advances in brain mapping, emphasizing the need to establish precise neuromodulation paradigms based on individual characteristics. Individualized brain mapping methods have evolved from manual labeling to staining techniques across multiple subjects.
Researchers found that alternative brain regions can take on impaired areas' roles to compensate for age-related cognitive decline. The cuneus and bilateral frontal cortex showed increased activation with age, supporting functional compensation and maintaining proper cognitive performance.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science identify Cpeb4 protein's crucial role in mRNA splicing and osteoclast differentiation, shedding light on bone disease mechanisms. The study's findings may lead to new diagnostic techniques and treatments for conditions like osteoporosis.
The study found that secondary eyewall formation occurs mainly in upper-layer vertical wind shear at low shear height and fake concentric eyewalls are present in lower-layer VWS at high shear height. Broad stratiform clouds were located in the downwind sector before SEF, leading to active convection on the inner side of the clouds.
Xuan Wang designs a novel framework to address non-cooperative systems and coordination safety in MAMH systems. The project aims to enhance algorithmic scalability and safety guarantees, while incorporating workforce development and education initiatives.
A new study shows that inhibiting TACC3 can restore the effectiveness of T-DM1 in HER2-positive breast cancer cells, which have developed resistance. This is achieved by inducing immunogenic cell death and enhancing the response to the drug.
A Chinese spacecraft returned a sample of the moon's surface, containing minerals that provide insights into its past. Researchers found high-pressure minerals in the sample, which are unusual in lunar rocks.
Seizures of psilocybin, a hallucinogenic compound found in psychedelic mushrooms, have surged by 369% across the US since 2017, according to a new study. The highest number of seizures were recorded in the Midwest and West regions, with nearly quadrupled amounts of seized drugs.
A team of scientists developed a technique to modify individual molecule units in a controlled manner, achieving structural isomerization and synthesizing reactive diradicals. This breakthrough enables the creation of novel carbon nanostructures with designer molecular units.
Researchers have developed a new microfluidic system that utilizes porous inverse colloidal crystal structures to dramatically improve the efficiency of microdroplet generation. The system can produce droplets around 1,000 times faster than traditional devices, enabling applications in medicine, food, cosmetics, and more.
Researchers have deciphered the key pathways of the sulfur reduction reaction in lithium-sulfur batteries, identifying dominant molecular pathways and critical roles of electrocatalysis. This breakthrough could lead to improved battery performance, reduced costs, and increased energy storage capacity.
Rates of re-excision after initial breast-conserving surgery remain high across the US, leading to increased healthcare costs and a higher risk of postoperative complications. The study found that younger age and ductal carcinoma in situ are associated with a higher reoperation rate.
A Rutgers Health study found that disabled violently injured Black men face negative physical and psychological impacts on their manhood, independence, and mobility. Participants felt a loss of independence due to reliance on caretakers, which took a serious toll on some participants.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that yarn-shaped supercapacitors (YSCs) in the 40-60 centimeter range provide the best overall energy output. The study, which aimed to explain changes in YSC performance across a wide range of lengths, used mathematical models to determine the most efficient length for YSCs.
A new study uses GPT-3 to simplify chemical analysis, achieving accuracy surpassing state-of-the-art models. The approach fine-tunes the language model with curated Q&As, enabling easy and fast discovery in low-data chemistry.
Researchers at Universitatsklinikum Bonn have developed a new imaging method to monitor intermediate uveitis, a rare inflammatory eye disease. The new technique uses optical coherence tomography angiography to detect blood flow in the retinal vessels, allowing for early detection of deterioration and potential treatment adjustments.
Researchers successfully cultured and analyzed two strains of Meteora sporadica, a small, unicellular eukaryote with a complex cytoskeleton featuring lateral arms supported by microtubules. The study reveals that Meteora sporadica is closely related to Hemimastigophora, a group of deep-branching eukaryotes with no arms or MTOCs.
Researchers found that older adults' brains recruit the cuneus region and frontal cortex to improve performance on fluid intelligence tasks, compensating for age-related cognitive decline. This new finding suggests alternative compensation mechanisms beyond previously assumed networks.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan have developed a new modeling framework called TOSCA, which helps improve wind energy forecasts and productivity. The framework can capture the interaction between large wind farms and the oncoming wind, leading to more accurate estimates of power output.
A study suggests that a pain relief drug can quickly and reversibly induce a sleep-like state in cells and organs, facilitating organ transplantation and preventing irreversible tissue injury. The research found that the drug SNC80 can slow biochemical and metabolic activities while preserving cell and tissue viability.
A new study found that black holes existed at the dawn of time and played a crucial role in galaxy formation. The research, using James Webb Space Telescope data, challenges classical understanding of black hole formation and suggests they may have dramatically accelerated star birth in the first 50 million years of the universe.
A new study links daily exposure to phthalates, used in plastic food containers and cosmetics, to nearly 56,600 preterm births in the US in 2018. The resulting medical costs are estimated to reach $1.6 billion to $8.1 billion over the lifetime of the children.
Researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 47 parents experiencing homelessness to understand accessibility challenges of social-emotional health services for their children. Key findings include the importance of acknowledging parental strengths and positive interactions with support people in promoting child development.
The study found that only 67.5% of trial publications reported patient-reported outcomes data, with a median time between publication and analysis of 10.5 months. The quality score of the data was low, with a mean score of 11.10 out of 24 points.
A recent study found that Black adults exposed to gun violence were more likely to experience lifetime suicidal ideation and behavior. The research highlights the need for public health efforts to reduce both gun violence and suicide among this vulnerable population.
Eleven prominent researchers recognized for groundbreaking work in stroke and brain health, with a focus on improving treatments and addressing disparities. The honorees include experts in magnetic resonance imaging, inherited risk factors, and clinical stroke research.
Researchers analyzed the criminal careers of over 9,800 Italian mafia members and found that prior violent co-offending significantly increases the likelihood of future violent offenses. The study suggests that group-based violent actions have a stronger impact on future violence than solo violence.
White Americans are more likely to experience 'deaths of despair,' despite lower levels of severe psychological distress, according to a new study. The study suggests that whites are vulnerable to the damaging effects of psychological distress, which can lead to other health issues like obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at ISTA have discovered the composition of poxviral cores, a key factor in their infectivity. The study's findings could lead to the development of new therapeutics targeting the viral core.
Researchers have identified a link between CCHS and the ubiquitin transfer system, revealing that aberrant interaction with this system disrupts normal neural protein degradation, leading to cell death. This discovery could pave the way for significant advances in disease therapeutics.
A study published in Blood Advances found that combination therapies can significantly reduce blood pressure in patients taking ibrutinib. The research suggests that different drug combinations may be more effective depending on whether patients had high blood pressure before or developed it while taking the drug.
A recent study by ICTA-UAB found that many societies with very low monetary income have remarkably high levels of life satisfaction, comparable to those in wealthy countries. The average life satisfaction score across the studied small-scale societies was 6.8 on a scale of 0-10.
A new study by McMaster researchers found that immune system's response, specifically T cells, are responsible for neurological damage caused by viral infections. The research suggests a unique population of T cells called NKG2D+CD8+ T cells is responsible for the damage.
Officer-involved killings of unarmed Black individuals worsened sleep duration among Black respondents, while no adverse effects were found for white respondents. The study highlights the role of structural racism in shaping racial disparities in sleep health.
A breakthrough in DNA sequencing technology has identified the fungus genus Ceratobasidium as the culprit behind cassava witches' broom disease. This discovery will help plant pathologists in Laos and other Southeast Asian countries protect their crops, supporting millions of smallholder farmers who rely on cassava.