Researchers from Purdue University used deep learning to generate growth models for various tree species, both with and without leaves. The AI models can produce complex tree models with detailed geometry, improving digital forest endeavors.
Researchers found that 94% of patients with posterior cortical atrophy had Alzheimer's pathology, while only 70% of those with memory loss did. Early identification of PCA may lead to better treatment options for Alzheimer's patients.
Researchers uncover significant variations in Slant Path Delays across different azimuth angles, challenging isotropic assumptions. The discovery highlights the need for new models that accurately represent complex tropospheric dynamics.
Arafin and his group aim to design provable trust embedding techniques for counterfeit chiplet detection. They will also develop novel Trojan identification methods using built-in-peer-testing capabilities of chiplets connected on a shared Universal Chiplet Interconnect Express bus.
A NTU Singapore study found that ageing alters brain cells' communication, leading to weakening connections and poorer memory in middle-aged mice. The research suggests strengthening these connections through memory training may delay age-related working memory decline.
A novel score, the Phoenix Sepsis Score, predicts mortality in children with suspected or confirmed infection. The new criteria outperform existing organ dysfunction scores and International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference criteria
Prolonged endosomal defects lead to cell death, but the effects on cellular signaling were poorly understood. Endosomal stress caused by USP8 depletion induces immune responses and activates NF-kB- and Nrf2-mediated gene expression.
Researchers have developed a novel sequential ultrasound molecular imaging (USMI) approach to identify non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), offering a potential noninvasive diagnostic tool. The method uses microbubbles targeting CD36 and ICAM-1 to visualize hepatic steatosis and inflammation.
Researchers found Megalodon had an elongated body form more similar to the modern great white shark than previously thought. The study suggests that previous estimates of its length may have been too high, with some fossil vertebrae suggesting a total combined length of 11.1m but estimated total length including head being only 9.2m.
A team at Pohang University of Science & Technology has successfully created the world's first plumber's nightmare structure in block copolymers, a complex configuration where polymer chain ends coalesce inward. This achievement showcases the potential for self-assembly in block copolymers and opens up new possibilities for materializi...
Pediatric sepsis experts have released new diagnostic criteria that will be used worldwide to diagnose life-threatening infections in children. The updated criteria, known as the Phoenix Criteria, include measures of respiratory, cardiovascular, and coagulation dysfunction.
A new study by the University of Technology Sydney suggests that office air conditioning can reduce the risk of harm from wildfire smoke. The researchers found that air conditioning filters in UTS Buildings 4 and 7 captured a significant portion of wildfire smoke, reducing exposure to toxic particles for staff and students.
A new study published in Palaeontologia Electronica shows the Megalodon was more slender than earlier studies suggested, changing our understanding of its behavior and impact on ancient ocean life. The revised model suggests a longer digestive canal, potentially leading to less predation pressure on other marine creatures.
A new set of international criteria has been established to diagnose pediatric sepsis and septic shock in children, aiming to improve clinical care and research globally. The Phoenix Sepsis Score of at least 2 can identify potentially life-threatening organ dysfunction in infected children under 18 years old.
Researchers investigated the co-occurrence of gadolinium and sulfamethoxazole on the fate of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes in activated sludge systems. The study found that Gd and SMX affect ARGs, MRGs, and mobile genetic elements, providing new insights into their interactions and removal in wastewater treatment plants.
The new pediatric sepsis criteria, called the Phoenix criteria, define sepsis as severe response to infection involving organ dysfunction. These criteria were developed using data from over 3 million pediatric healthcare encounters worldwide and are better at identifying children with infections at higher risk of poor outcomes.
The study analyzes artificial mountain making in traditional Chinese gardens from a topographical perspective, highlighting the importance of form, space, and time in creating dynamic landscapes. The research contributes to the development of Landscape Architecture in contemporary China.
Researchers have discovered that RecA protein repairs breaks in double-stranded DNA without unwinding the helix, leading to a new understanding of homologous recombination. This breakthrough has significant implications for breast cancer research and may lead to new treatments.
A study led by Amsterdam UMC found that a tailored computerised decision support system reduced high-risk drug combinations and improved patient safety. The system only showed alerts for high-risk or needing extra monitoring, resulting in 12% fewer high-risk drug combinations and shorter ICU stays.
Insilico Medicine has discovered a novel PHD inhibitor for treating anemia using its AI-powered generative chemistry platform Chemistry42. The compound demonstrated favorable ADMET and PK profiles in animal models, showing promise for further investigations.
Researchers have developed a working nanoscale electromotor powered by hydrodynamic flow through a nanopore. This innovation uses DNA origami to create a turbine with precise control over rotational speed and direction. The tiny motor has potential applications in molecular factories, medical probes, and soft propulsion systems.
A new study using generative AI models simulated how the brain learns and remembers events, revealing how memories are re-constructed in our minds. The model showed how the hippocampus and neocortex work together to create efficient 'conceptual' representations of scenes, enabling us to both recall past experiences and imagine new ones.
Researchers from the Universities of Bristol and Ghent have shown that exploring the unknown is crucial for realising continual innovation in biological design. By focusing on novelty and diversity, algorithms can create better solutions than solely optimising for a specific goal.
A new study published in Oncogene highlights the effectiveness of MDX-124, a therapeutic drug targeting annexin-A1, which promotes tumour progression. High annexin-A1 expression levels correlate with poorer overall survival in various cancers.
A study published in Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation proposes a novel methodology for projecting native tree growth and optimizing timber production in forest restoration. This approach reduces the time to harvest by 25% and increases stand density by 38%, making large-scale forest restoration more attractive to landowners.
Researchers have developed a new oral insulin medicine that uses nano-carriers to protect insulin from stomach acid, allowing for precise delivery to the liver and reducing the risk of hypoglycemia. This innovation has been successfully tested on baboons, mice, and rats with diabetes, paving the way for human trials starting in 2025.
A study of 481,000 individuals found that those who predominantly sit at work had a higher risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. Engaging in an additional 15-30 minutes of physical activity per day could help reduce this risk to levels similar to those who don't sit
Researchers have revealed CD4+ T cells can work effectively on their own to control melanoma, challenging conventional understanding. Harnessing their potential therapeutically holds great promise for improving current cancer immunotherapies.
A new study finds that general human capital weakens growth aspirations in pro-market contexts, while specific human capital strengthens them. During crises, the dynamic shifts, with negative interactions vanishing and positive interactions becoming more pronounced for entrepreneurs with market experience.
Researchers at the University of Bath have invented a new form of high-performance air purifier that uses FOAM3R filter technology, promising zero harmful waste. The purifier features a unique, mouldable foam structure that captures contaminants and viruses with high efficiency.
The $20 million SOAR study aims to identify key risk and resiliency factors affecting behavioral health. The research will inform strategies to improve treatment options and patient outcomes in the state of Ohio.
Researchers at RIKEN successfully spin artificial spider silk that closely matches natural production, mimicking the complex molecular structure of silk. The eco-friendly innovation has potential benefits for environment and biomedical fields.
Research reveals that a small subset of bacterial cells produces deadly toxins while sacrificing themselves for the benefit of their comrades. The bacteria use a temperature-sensitive genetic switch to synchronize toxin production with cell enlargement, ensuring an efficient strategy for infection.
Researchers from Miami Cancer Institute published a study analyzing the use of tissue-agnostic therapeutics in patients with primary brain tumors. The publication discusses data from clinical trials and additional tissue-agnostic targets that hold promise for benefiting patients with PBTs.
Researchers analyze Chinese tomb epitaphs from the 7th to 10th centuries and find patterns similar to those in US sociology data from the 1960s and 1970s, indicating a decline of aristocracy and rise of meritocracy. Education was a key factor in social mobility during this period.
A new study found that Black and Hispanic patients were less likely to be restrained in an emergency department compared to White patients. However, female Black and Hispanic patients with mental illness or substance use disorder were more likely to receive restraints than male counterparts.
A new study found that women's success as leaders in family businesses is deeply rooted in how employees interpret their leadership style, with a focus on inclusive and supportive cultures. Women can leverage their business's commitment to learning and open-mindedness to support entrepreneurship, but face biases in nonfamily firms.
A study found rectal examinations offer no advantages over PSA blood tests for detecting prostate cancer. The research analyzed data from 85,738 participants and concluded digital rectal examination alone or with PSA is not more effective than the PSA test.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed an instructional manual to identify and study rare B cells, which play a crucial role in allergies. The manual, published in Nature Protocols, provides a step-by-step guide for scientists to detect these cells using antigen tetramers, a method originally created by Justin Taylor.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have identified a virus called Paride that can infect and destroy dormant bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study found that the combination of Paride and an antibiotic called meropenem was effective in killing bacteria in both laboratory cultures and mice with chronic infections.
A senior citizen wearing KIST's MOONWALK-Omni robot successfully completed a challenge to climb Mount Yeongbong, showcasing the potential of wearable robots in outdoor environments. The ultra-lightweight robot boosts leg strength by up to 30% and provides safe muscle support in various walking environments.
Researchers found that materialistic attitudes and passive social media use are associated with increased stress, addictive behavior, and decreased life satisfaction. This study suggests a downward spiral of materialism leading to negative mental health outcomes.
A new Northwestern Medicine study found that opioid prescription limits are effective in reducing prescription length when set according to the type of doctor visit. The study, which analyzed data from West Virginia from 2017-2019, showed a significant reduction in prescription lengths for patients in hospital and outpatient settings.
A groundbreaking study identifies FAM3C as a key regulator of breast cancer progression within the tumor microenvironment. The overexpression of FAM3C promotes breast cancer cell survival and metastasis, while its depletion inhibits tumor growth in genetically engineered mouse models.
Researchers developed a new method to predict diabetes early using just two values from a blood sample. The SPINA Carb method is based on mathematical modeling and has been shown to be more reliable than other markers of glucose metabolism.
The project aims to develop a standardized Next Generation Science Storyline that can be delivered in any high school classroom, increasing science literacy and critical thinking among students. Pop-omics, a popcorn-based curriculum, will also provide hands-on lessons on machine learning and AI, connecting with the national AITC program.
A new teaching module aims to improve health equity for infants with infantile spasms by educating front-line providers. The module includes short lectures and videos illustrating the condition and ensures prompt treatment.
New research in Global Strategy Journal finds that laid-off workers with high specialization skills may experience lower legitimacy and bargaining power after being laid off by a failed employer. Managers can still hire valuable but low-legitimacy candidates at a lower cost, suggesting a strategic opportunity.
By 2050, at least 34% of Alpine ice volume will be lost even if global warming stops. This is based on a new study predicting near-term ice loss due to climate inertia.
Researchers at Insilico Medicine have identified MYT1 as a promising therapeutic target for breast and gynecological cancers. A series of novel, potent, and highly selective inhibitors specifically targeting MYT1 were discovered using AI-driven generative biology and chemistry engine.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization developed a precision apparatus to observe non-spherical particles settling in air. They found that particles tend to oscillate as they settle, which could impact collision rates, travel distance, and solar radiation interaction.
Researchers found that memory cells become more stable over time, improving ability to distinguish between similar experiences. This process could lead to new treatments for memory disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery linking a genetic defect in the MGP gene to autosomal dominant spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, a rare skeletal disorder. The study highlights the importance of the MGP gene and its role in skeletal development, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions.
Researchers discovered a connection between hepatitis B and C viruses and multiple myeloma, finding that antiviral treatment can improve outcomes. The study suggests that early detection of these infections may lead to better treatment and survival rates for patients with this cancer.
A study published in Science Advances identifies a mitochondrial protein called MCJ as the first therapeutic target to preserve cardiac function in pulmonary hypertension. Modulating MCJ levels can activate a signaling pathway essential for adaptation to low oxygen levels, protecting the heart.
Researchers uncover pivotal aspect of GBS pathophysiology, revealing autoreactive T lymphocytes invade nerve tissue and target myelin. The findings provide novel insights into understanding GBS, opening avenues for targeted therapies for specific subtypes.
Researchers discovered that antibiotics can activate a molecular defense system in bacteria, called CBASS, which enhances the effect of specific antibiotics against Vibrio cholerae. This finding has significant implications for the effective use of antibiotics and preventing antibiotic resistance.
A new study demonstrates the importance of diverse social ties to entrepreneurship, even in divided societies. Researchers found that entrepreneurs used tactics like finding commonalities and defocusing on ethnicity to build trust and access resources. The study offers specific strategies for navigating partisan divides productively.
A new study from Uppsala University highlights the importance of involving both parents in breastfeeding support. The study found that partners who were included in the breastfeeding process felt more involved and collaborative with their mothers. This approach can lead to better lactation outcomes and increased confidence for new moth...
The study uncovers the formation dynamics of dark excitons from optically excited bright excitons in anatase TiO2, a semiconductor material known for its exceptional light absorption capabilities. The many-body effects within excitons play a crucial role in this transition, occurring within approximately 100 femtoseconds.