A new research by Prof. Zahia Salhi reveals that Saudi women have been active agents in their own struggle for citizenship rights, challenging prevailing stereotypes. The study highlights key moments in Saudi history that awakened women to their rights, including the oil boom of the 1970s and protests in the 1990s and 2002.
A meta-analysis of 16 review articles shows that decodable texts facilitate word reading and decoding, but a balanced approach is needed for overall reading success. The study highlights the importance of incorporating decodable texts into reading programs with other instructional materials.
Researchers at University of Cambridge discovered that underwater turbulence around seamounts significantly influences ocean mixing, contributing to a third of global ocean mixing. This finding has implications for climate models used in policymaking, potentially improving forecasts of the ocean's response to global warming.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that AI-generated exam answers were undetectable in 94% of cases, outperforming human submissions. The University of Reading's blind test challenged educators to detect AI-generated content, highlighting the need for global education sector policies and guidance on AI use.
The volume examines how disability has influenced scientific disciplines and history, highlighting disabled individuals' contributions to ME/CFS activism and laboratory research. Disability studies in science is shown to be a crucial force in shaping knowledge production.
A pilot study found that methylphenidate enhances oculomotor function in individuals with multiple sclerosis, improving visual processing speed. The treatment also showed promise for mitigating cognitive symptoms associated with MS.
Researchers developed a permeable and robust polymer-silica hybrid armor on cell catalyst, enhancing enzyme stability and inhibiting leakage. The new technology showed improved permeability and mechanical strength, leading to higher yields and longer half-lives in biomanufacturing processes.
Researchers from PSI and ETH Zurich studied connexin-36 gap junction channels and found that antimalarial drug mefloquine binds to the channels, potentially explaining its severe side effects. The study provides new insights into how drugs interact with connexins and may lead to the development of therapies for neurological diseases.
A Northwestern University-led team of engineers has discovered a new way to store carbon dioxide (CO2) in concrete without compromising its strength and durability. The process achieved a CO2 sequestration efficiency of up to 45% and resulted in concrete with uncompromised properties.
Lenacapavir has shown 100% efficacy as PrEP among cisgender women in a Phase 3 clinical trial. The twice-yearly injection offers improved feasibility of PrEP for those experiencing barriers to daily pill-taking. NIAID looks forward to additional data and regulatory decisions.
A new study led by UCL researchers found that cardiovascular health is a significant risk factor for future dementia rates. The study analyzed data from 27 papers and found that rates of obesity and diabetes have increased over time, contributing to higher dementia risk.
Current prostate cancer screening guidelines may not be effective for transgender women taking estrogen, as it can lower PSA levels, making it difficult to detect early-stage cancer. The study aims to provide more appropriate screening guidelines for this population.
The OSIRIS-REx Sample Analysis Team found that Bennu contains essential components for life, including carbon and nitrogen, as well as organic compounds. The presence of magnesium-sodium phosphate in the sample suggests a possible history of interaction with water, but also reveals a chemically primitive asteroid.
At least seven out of 42 ICBs across England have had to close a specialist weight management service list in their area due to overwhelming demand. Experts say a lack of consistent government policy is hindering the ability of weight management services to keep up with the growing need for obesity treatment.
Adults who played organized sports through their youth have fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression than those who never played or dropped out, according to a new study. The study found that most people drop out of sports because they weren’t having fun or felt they weren’t good enough.
A new AI-powered approach identifies a distinct subset of endometrial cancer with poorer survival rates, but would otherwise go unrecognized. The discovery will help doctors identify patients at high risk of recurrence and death, enabling more comprehensive treatment.
A study led by FAMU-FSU College of Engineering Professor Wei Guo found that small bumps on solid neon surfaces create ring-shaped quantum states, enabling controlled manipulation of electrons. This alignment allows for optimized electron-on-solid-neon qubits with extended coherence times.
Researchers have developed a novel light-harvesting system that can absorb the entire visible light spectrum, similar to natural systems. The system uses a unique arrangement of four different dyes and converts 38% of irradiated light energy into fluorescence.
A new study by Arizona State University reveals that initial phase sweating can be three times more effective than later phase sweating in terms of evaporation. The researchers developed a wind tunnel-shaped capsule with high-magnification video imagery to capture the dynamics of sweat droplet formation and evaporation on human skin.
Researchers developed EventLFM, a novel ultrafast 3D imaging technique that integrates an event camera with Fourier light field microscopy to capture dynamic biological processes at kHz speeds. The technique was demonstrated in experiments capturing complex dynamics of rapidly moving 3D objects and imaging high-frequency blinking objects.
A team of researchers has determined a fundamental spatial limit for light-driven magnetization reversal in nanometer-scale materials. They found that the minimum size for all-optical switching is around 25 nm due to ultrafast lateral electron diffusion, which rapidly cools illuminated regions.
The new consensus guidance outlines what NHS services need to offer Palforzia desensitization treatment at scale, regardless of patient location or background. The recommendations aim to equitably provide an actual treatment for peanut allergy, moving beyond avoidance and education.
The study reveals distributed proxies associated with the cosmic airburst across eastern US sites, including platinum and microspherules. Shocked quartz with irregular fractures indicates a low-altitude bolide airburst with pressures and temperatures inconsistent with major crater-forming impacts.
A recent study by researchers from ACS found that landfill gas can release per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) into the air, posing potential health risks. The study analyzed vented gases at three landfills in Florida and discovered unexpectedly high levels of airborne PFAS.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University developed a novel approach using wearable sensors and machine learning to assess balance. The method achieved high accuracy and strong correlation with ground truth balance scores, suggesting it is effective and reliable in estimating balance.
Researchers at the University of Konstanz have developed a method for all-optical control, compression, and characterization of electron pulses in space and time using terahertz light. This enables unprecedented time resolution in ultrafast electron microscopy, capturing dynamic processes in materials with unparalleled clarity.
A new study finds that Brazilian industrial policies are more effective when involving workers and civil society. Researchers analyzed policy plans and found that those with stronger labor union involvement outperformed weaker ones, highlighting the importance of societal participation in shaping national development goals.
A new global definition of sarcopenia is proposed, aiming to unify research and clinical practice. The definition may help identify low muscle mass or strength in older people, increasing the risk of poor outcomes such as fragility and disability.
Researchers have made substantial progress in understanding AL amyloidosis, a rare disease that causes progressive organ dysfunction and death, by identifying key determinants of survival such as cardiac involvement and developing new therapies targeting clonal plasma cells and antifibril monoclonal antibodies.
Researchers created a new method to assess pension fund resilience, identifying that Lithuanian funds can withstand crises twice as long on average. The study advises investment strategies to minimize negative consequences during and after financial shocks.
A new study highlights the potential of ultrafast laser processing in manipulating 2D materials, enabling precise control over material properties at the nanoscale. This technology has the potential to drive new advancements in photonic, electronic, and sensor applications.
A Duke Health research team identified how the aging process prompts certain liver cells to die off and found a way to reverse the process in mice using an investigational drug. The study's findings hold high promise for people with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, or MASLD.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a chip-scale Titanium-sapphire laser, four orders of magnitude smaller and three orders less expensive than traditional lasers. This breakthrough enables mass production on wafers, potentially thousands of lasers per disc, democratizing access to these powerful tools.
Engineers have developed a pill that releases microscopic robots to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice. The treatment significantly reduces IBD symptoms and promotes the healing of damaged colon tissue.
A new microscope developed by Rockefeller University's Alipasha Vaziri and team captures broad swaths of brain activity with unprecedented resolution. The lightweight microscope, weighing only a US penny, images the mouse brain across a 3.6 x 3.6 mm field of view with 4 μm lateral resolution.
Two studies published in The New England Journal of Medicine show mixed results in treating EoE. Dupilumab is found to be effective in children under 12, while benralizumab fails to provide significant relief for patients. These findings challenge the long-held assumption that eosinophils are the primary cause of the disease.
A new study published in Science Advances documents the first case of Down syndrome in Neandertals, named 'Tina', and reveals that they provided extensive care for a young child with severe hearing loss. The discovery sheds light on the existence of true altruism among Neandertals.
Researchers found a 30% decline in UK coronary heart disease rates over two decades, but this was offset by rising rates of other cardiovascular conditions. The decline primarily benefited older age groups, with little improvement seen in younger or more deprived populations.
Researchers at the Arc Institute have discovered a novel bispecific guide RNA, the bridge recombinase mechanism, which enables precise and powerful tool to recombine and rearrange DNA in a programmable way. The system can insert any desirable genetic cargo into any genomic location with high efficiency and specificity.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a mechanical computer that uses a complex structure of rigid polymer cubes to store, retrieve and erase data. The system has reversible features allowing users to control when data editing is permitted.
A recent study highlights the need for effective contingency plans and local community involvement in disaster response to mitigate losses. The analysis of landslides in São Sebastião, Brazil, revealed a breakdown in the early warning system, resulting in significant economic and human costs.
A new USC study found that states with the most restrictive abortion policies experienced significant declines in the use of birth control pills and emergency contraceptives. The analysis suggests that the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization case has had wider ramifications for women's reproductive health than previously thought.
A new outreach program, NESTS, has been developed to address the unique needs of Spanish-speaking trauma patients. The program connects patients with follow-up care, community resources, and social services, helping to improve their recovery outcomes.
Scientists have introduced a novel approach to recreate bacterial methylation patterns, enhancing DNA transformation. This enables the genetic modification of pathogenic bacteria and probiotics, leading to potential new antibiotics and cell-based therapies.
Scientists at the University of Washington and Harvard Medical School have discovered the neural circuits that coordinate leg and wing movements in fruit flies. The study uses X-ray holographic nanotomography to map motor neurons controlling legs and wings, revealing pre-motor neurons coordinating motor neuron function.
Researchers identified a kissing bug in Delaware with the Chagas disease-causing parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Entomologists confirmed the insect's presence and found it was infected with the parasite, which can lead to serious heart problems if left untreated.
A cohort study found declines in oral contraceptive pill and emergency contraceptive usage following the Dobbs decision, emphasizing the need for improved access. The study's results highlight the importance of maintaining access to these essential reproductive health methods.
A study by Baylor College of Medicine reveals the molecular events leading to osteogenesis imperfecta type V, a form of brittle bone disease caused by an IFITM5 mutation. The mutation disrupts normal bone stem cell development, leading to extremely brittle bones and recurrent fractures.
A study by LMU researchers reveals systematic bias in how political ads are delivered on Facebook and Instagram. The platforms' targeting systems favor campaign ads promoting incendiary issues, leading to unequal reach for different parties.
Researchers identified metabolic signatures that predict immunotherapy response and survival outcomes in cancer patients. The study found four distinct metabolic classes with significant variations in overall survival, highlighting the potential of metabolic profiling to improve immunotherapy treatments.
New research from the University of Oregon describes the communication between nerve cells and muscle cells via electrical signals during development, known as bioelectricity. The study identifies specific genes that control the process and offers clues to the genetic origins of muscle disorders.
Researchers create detailed wiring diagram of motor circuits in fruit flies, revealing complex nerve coordination for leg and wing movements. The study advances understanding of how the central nervous system coordinates individual muscles for various behaviors.
Researchers found a link between ancient ocean oxygen depletion and the massive extinction of marine species during the Jurassic Period. The study provides insights into how human-made carbon emissions may lead to similar extinctions in the future.
Researchers developed a novel nanoporous material with exceptional piezoelectric capabilities, outperforming traditional lead-based materials. The material's ultra-thin structure and straightforward synthesis approach make it a highly promising candidate for future high-density energy harvesting.
Double-membrane vesicles form five common shapes through spontaneous self-organization, offering insight into lipid body intricacies. The study's findings could inspire synthetic materials and bio-inspired drug delivery systems.
Research by the University of Texas at Austin found a 16% overall decrease in infants' speech input during real-world interactions when mothers used their phones. Phone use had stronger effects on speech during specific times of the day, highlighting the importance of parents being aware of their phone use's impact on caregiving.
A nationwide cohort study in France found that individuals with alcohol dependence who undergo rehabilitation or maintain abstinence experience a nearly 40% reduction in certain types of cancers. The study highlights the effectiveness of treatment strategies in combating cancer risks linked to alcohol dependence.
Neuroscientists have identified a region of the brain that regulates escape behavior in mice, revealing its role in anxiety and PTSD. The study found that inhibitory neurons can be turned up or down to control sensitivity to threats.
Researchers at Cornell University have used a combination of almond analysis, pottery dating, and radiocarbon dating to determine the Kyrenia shipwreck's age. The team estimated that the ship sank between 296-271 BCE, with a strong probability it occurred between 286-272 BCE.
Researchers predict that Iceland's volcanic eruptions on the Reykjanes Peninsula may last years to decades, posing significant economic disruption and uncertainty for evacuated communities. The eruptions have already forced a state of emergency and evacuated residents and visitors of popular tourist attractions like the Blue Lagoon.