A UCD researcher has received an ERC Synergy Grant to develop innovative x-ray technology for tissue biopsies, enabling detailed visualization of cellular changes in whole tissues. The project aims to advance understanding of diseases and provide new ways to diagnose and treat various conditions.
A Rutgers University study found that COVID-19 vaccination rates were exceptionally high among LGBTQ+ adults in New Jersey and New York, but HPV vaccination had the lowest uptake rates. The study highlights age as a key predictor of vaccination uptake for most vaccines studied.
Researchers use animal tracking devices to monitor individual animals' locations over time, gaining detailed information on the specific impacts of threats like pollution and climate change. This data enables targeted interventions to make a positive effect on wildlife populations.
Researchers have developed an aqueous battery that operates efficiently in sub-zero temperatures using photothermal current collectors and suspension electrodes. The system generates heat from sunlight, raising the battery's core temperature to maintain stable performance in cold climates.
Researchers call for a phase-out of lead by 2035 due to its health and economic costs, with a focus on reducing exposure in marginalized communities. Alternative technologies like lithium-ion batteries hold promise for replacing lead-acid batteries, but accessibility remains a challenge.
A study by Saint Louis University researchers found that only one in eight patients with heart failure in the US receive palliative care consultations. Black patients were 15% less likely to receive palliative care compared to white counterparts, highlighting significant racial disparities.
A new study warns of potential water shortages in Brazil's agricultural frontier region, MATOPIBA, as climate change exacerbates overuse of water resources. The study predicts that crop irrigation demand may not meet local requirements by up to 40% by 2025-40.
A new study suggests that the study of Arab tribes should not be abandoned due to their ongoing relevance in daily life. The term 'tribe' has been discredited by researchers but holds resonance for many citizens in the Arab world.
Researchers have summarized advanced field weakening (FW) control strategies for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), including offline calculation methods, online computational methods, and model predictive control (MPC)-related methods. The studies highlight the importance of balancing computational difficulty with control ro...
The paper reviews thermal design of SiC power modules for motor drives in electric vehicles, focusing on optimizing irregular Pinfin structures and collaborative design with DC bus capacitors and motors. Irregular Pinfin arrangements can enhance heat transfer efficiency and reduce pressure drops compared to regular layouts.
Despite their ability to provide turn-by-turn driving directions in New York City with near-perfect accuracy, generative AI models do not form a coherent internal map of the city. The researchers developed new metrics to test a transformer's world model and found that only one generated a coherent world model for Othello moves.
A team of scientists leveraged machine learning to find promising compositions for sodium-ion batteries, achieving exceptional energy density. The study trained a model on a database of 100 samples to predict the optimal ratio of elements needed to balance properties like operating voltage and capacity retention.
The article advocates for traumatic brain injury (TBI) to be considered a chronic condition, requiring coordinated care throughout an individual's lifetime. This approach can improve patient outcomes and support for both patients and their families.
TU Graz researcher Gerhard A. Holzapfel leads a six-year project to develop AI-based methods for analyzing soft tissue mechanical properties using transcriptomics and microstructure imaging. The team aims to improve disease diagnosis and therapy in clinical practice.
Scientists at DOE's Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory perfect processes for growing diamond at lower temperatures without sacrificing quality. The breakthrough could enable the implementation of diamond in silicon-based manufacturing, opening a door for advanced electronics and sensors.
A recent study published in Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation found that slightly overweight stroke survivors (BMI 22.1-27.5 kg/m²) have a lower risk of sustaining disabilities compared to those with normal weight. The research suggests that a higher-than-normal BMI may be beneficial for recovering from a stroke with less disability.
Researchers have determined the chemical properties of moscovium and nihonium, which are more reactive than flerovium. The study uses a newly developed setup for chemical separation and detection to observe the very short-lived moscovium-288 and its daughter nihonium-284.
A large-scale survey of over 1600 biomedical researchers identified common causes of research irreproducibility, including inadequate experimental design and lack of standardization. The study provides insights into the challenges faced by researchers in reproducing their results.
Research finds that Korean newspapers often focused on women learning Japanese for work and social purposes, not just reading novels. The ability to speak Japanese gave women new opportunities and challenged traditional roles in Korea.
A global research team, led by Indiana University's Linda Smith, will investigate how shape perception influences language acquisition in children with typical and atypical developmental trajectories. The project aims to develop a cross-disciplinary theory of the dynamic interaction between language and cognitive systems.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen aims to replace fecal capsules with a standardized treatment using fermented feces. The method employs fermentation to cultivate beneficial microorganisms, producing a complex mixture of bacteria and bacteriophages that can fight gastrointestinal disorders.
A new study by the Complexity Science Hub finds that firms with higher levels of information consumption outperform their peers financially and are more innovative. The research reveals an 'economy of scale' in news consumption, where larger firms read a greater number of unique pieces of news.
Researchers developed a high-entropy alloy anode composed of nine non-precious metal elements, demonstrating remarkable durability and low production cost. The new anode outperforms conventional iridium oxide anodes in organic hydride electrolytic synthesis, potentially advancing large-scale hydrogen supply chain development.
Delegable zk-SNARKs with proxies enable secure proof generation by sharing partial witnesses among multiple parties, achieving computational soundness and perfect zero knowledge.
Researchers found a significant association between high ultra-processed food intake and accelerated biological aging in participants. The study analyzed data from over 22,000 individuals and used blood biomarkers to measure biological age.
Recent studies by MSK researchers show that the innate immune system helps maintain genome stability during DNA replication, and chronic activation can contribute to tumor development. The findings also suggest that problems with a protein complex called Mre11 can create an environment where cancer is more likely to occur.
A team of scientists has developed a novel method to explain the behavior of water-responsive materials, which can change shape in response to humidity fluctuations. This breakthrough could advance efforts toward clean energy production, robotics, and bioelectronics.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers has detected lead pollution in ice cores from the Guliya ice cap in northwestern Tibet, revealing a significant change in its origin beginning in 1974. This shift was likely caused by stricter emissions policies implemented in the US during that time period.
A new study introduces a multi-omics-based molecular classification of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, categorizing them into four distinct subtypes. The findings identify key genetic signatures and tumor suppressor genes that influence treatment response, providing a roadmap for personalized therapy strategies.
A new study reveals a strong correlation between women's education and lower fertility rates in sub-Saharan Africa. The research team developed a method to forecast education-specific fertility trends, finding that higher levels of female education lead to lower fertility rates.
Researchers from Tohoku University and partners developed a decentralized control system to analyze plesiosaur locomotion, accounting for motion adjustment. The system successfully recreated coordinated flippers patterns in response to changes in flapping cycle and morphology.
Researchers at University of Copenhagen used experimental data to predict hitherto unchartered changes in the shape of nuclei, shedding light on nuclear structure and strong interactions. The study used a high-energy collision experiment at CERN's LHC to analyze the resulting products and reconstruct the processes.
Researchers used computational methods to screen potential plasma-facing materials for fusion reactors, considering factors like thermal resistance and neutron bombardment. A shortlist of 21 materials was identified, including tungsten, diamond, and tantalum nitride, which showed promise for divertor applications.
Researchers analyzed over 450 jazz improvisations and 99 classical compositions to quantify musical pitch sequence similarity. They found high predictability until a time limit, after which sequences become unpredictable and variable.
Researchers discovered epigenetic silencing of BEND4 as a synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitors in pancreatic cancer. This approach targets the tumor suppressor gene, enhancing treatment efficacy. The study found significant association between BEND4 methylation and poor tumor differentiation.
A recent study published in the journal Microbiome found that lifestyle factors, such as diet and smoking habits, significantly impact the composition of beneficial bacteria in the mouth. The research team analyzed saliva samples from individuals representing different subsistence strategies in Nepal and discovered a correlation betwee...
Researchers developed a film-type strain sensor incorporating nano-fabrication technology, enabling precise real-time measurement of structural deformation and stability. The sensor converts mechanical deformation into visual color changes through nano-patterns.
Researchers at Radboud University Medical Center found that an extra year of education does not protect against brain aging and has no effect on brain structure. Despite positive correlations between education and cognitive benefits, the study suggests caution in assigning causation when only correlation is observed.
A recent study found that children born to mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at a higher risk of lower birth weight, shorter stature, and smaller head circumference. The researchers believe that the placenta's inability to meet the baby's demands due to PCOS-related hormonal imbalances may be the cause.
The team plans to use a multidisciplinary approach to characterize brain mechanisms that underlie resiliency, aiming to develop better therapies and address public need. Most individuals exposed to high levels of stress and trauma are able to avoid serious mental illness, suggesting that biological resilience is prevalent.
Professor Ruth Britto and her international team will develop new algorithmic methods with applications in mathematics, particle physics, and gravity. They aim to tackle longstanding computational bottlenecks and push the boundaries of numerous areas of theoretical physics.
A new hole-transport material facilitates charge transfer and demonstrates high charge mobility in perovskite solar cells. However, the devices show reduced current due to an energetic barrier at the perovskite/HND-2NOMe interface, hindering performance.
Researchers developed a sustainable, high-performance material suitable for packaging and biomedical devices by exploiting the mechanical properties of cellulose nanofibres. Adding small peptides improves their mechanical performance and water-resistance.
Researchers discovered Werner syndrome gene WRN plays a crucial role in maintaining constitutive heterochromatin structure, essential for DNA stability. Loss of WRN function disrupts protein interactions, potentially accelerating aging due to cellular disorganization.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine identified 16 genes that breast cancer cells use to survive in the bloodstream, including MUC1, which is already in clinical trials. The research showed that hypoxic cells are able to migrate to higher oxygen levels and form metastasis in the body, leading to a worse prognosis.
Research from the University of Kent finds that social mobility in the UK is limited, with only a tiny fraction of children from top backgrounds ending up in working class occupations. The study also highlights pronounced gender differences, with women often inheriting their parents' social status but not financial advantage.
Researchers developed a method to visualize AMPA receptors using PET scans, revealing differences in density and distribution between healthy subjects and those with psychiatric disorders. This discovery may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder.
A new Curtin University study found that time spent on social media has a negligible effect on mental health indicators such as depression, anxiety, and stress. The research suggests that the relationship between social media use and mental health is complex, with some platforms having different effects on users.
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed battery-free RFID sensors that enable real-time sensing and tracking of environmental parameters like temperature and humidity. These sensors have the potential to revolutionize various industries such as agriculture, athletics, and occupancy detection.
Swallow populations infected with parasites exhibit altered movement patterns, including reduced home ranges and foraging activity. This can lead to decreased foraging success and increased mortality rates.
A new study by Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and IIASA scientists suggests that there are three promising routes to make significant progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. The study's results show that all three pathways are far more effective than current 'business as usual' scen...
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara created deaf mosquitoes and found that males had no interest in mating, even when left with females for days. The absence of a single gene, trpVa, is responsible for this effect, which could have major implications for managing disease transmission by controlling mosquito populations.
A team of MIT engineers has developed a new computational method for analyzing complex biological systems, including the immune system's response to tuberculosis vaccination. The approach uses probabilistic graphical networks to identify key interactions and mechanisms, shedding light on how vaccines induce immunity.
A pioneering study has uncovered the vital role that gut microbiota plays in regulating stress responses by interacting with the body's circadian rhythms. The findings open the door for developing new microbial-based therapies to help individuals better manage stress-related mental health conditions.
Researchers identify interleukin-17A as a key regulator of fat storage, carrying implications for addressing obesity and preventing wasting. The discovery highlights the interaction between the immune system and circadian rhythms, which may hold therapeutic potential for metabolic disorders.
New research found that bio-based fibres have a range of adverse effects on earthworms, animals critical to environmental health. The study highlights the importance of testing new materials before they are released on the market.
The paper proposes a novel method for modeling hybrid renewable energy systems using high-efficiency converters and generators. The research results show that the front-end converter is suitable for isolating sources from loads and enhancing DC bus voltage, with simple control algorithms and reduced switching losses.
Scientists at the Paul Scherrer Institute have found a quantum phenomenon known as time-reversal symmetry breaking occurring at the surface of the Kagome superconductor RbV₃Sb₅ at temperatures up to 175 K. This discovery sets a new record for the temperature at which this phenomenon is observed among Kagome systems.
Glioblastoma is a deadly form of brain cancer affecting 500 Swedes annually. Researchers have identified 'foam cells' that aid tumour growth by releasing signal substances and promoting blood vessel formation.
A groundbreaking study led by Virginia Tech provides the first direct geochemical evidence of a massive, rapid melting period on Earth after the last global ice age. The researchers analyzed lithium isotopes in carbonate rocks formed during this time and found strong evidence for freshwater meltwater interacting with the ocean.