Researchers at Nagoya University have developed a new method to create gallium oxide semiconductors with stable p-type layers, allowing for twice the current capacity of previous devices. This breakthrough enables improved energy efficiency, reduced waste, and lower operating costs for electronics.
New research demonstrates that corals naturally thriving in extreme environments can be used to boost the resilience of reef sites. Despite being transplanted to more stable conditions, these corals retained their heat tolerance and activated pathways associated with DNA repair and homeostasis.
A discarded ornamental shrub can now power electric buses thanks to a new material that triples the energy density of previous devices. The material, called PHAC, shows high surface area and mesopore volume, enabling rapid ion transport and long cycle life.
A study on three Aotearoa New Zealand crested penguin species reveals tawaki are thriving with strong genetic health, while erect-crested and Eastern rockhopper penguins face uncertain futures. The research highlights the urgent need to address conservation challenges for these subantarctic species.
A new fiber with a sponge-like interior offers improved thermal management and durability. The fiber's phase-change core absorbs and releases heat slowly, maintaining comfort in extreme temperatures.
Researchers will study atmospheric conditions in pristine New Zealand region, exploring effects of air pollution on cloud formation. The goal is to improve weather and climate forecasts for the Southern Hemisphere.
A new study by the University of Otago warns that electric vehicles will lead to increased winter electricity peaks in Aotearoa. The research shows that charging EVs in winter requires more energy, potentially increasing monthly consumption by up to 30% by 2050.
Researchers analyzed high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) for CO₂ conversion, categorizing mechanisms into oxygen ion-conducting (O-SOECs) and proton-conducting (H-SOECs). They identified key global manufacturers and market trends, outlining pathways for efficient CO₂ conversion and energy storage.
Human cells use a synchronized traffic control system to monitor nutrient levels and precisely control cellular energy balance, blood sugar levels, and energy management. This finding offers promising new targets for treating diabetes and cancer.
A new attack, Infiltrated Selfish Mining (ISM), could reshape the rules of Bitcoin mining by allowing attackers to profit simultaneously. ISM avoids the miner's dilemma and yields up to 1.52 times more rewards than previous attacks.
A Kobe University study found that metformin reduces copper and iron levels and increases zinc levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. This suggests a possible mechanism for the drug's beneficial effects beyond lowering blood sugar levels.
A study published in JAMA found that fractional flow reserve-guided complete revascularization during index procedure resulted in a significant reduction in composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, any revascularization, and stroke at 1 year. Reduced repeat revascularization was the main driver of this benefit.
Women's participation in cardiovascular trials remained low during this period, limiting generalizability of trial outcomes and perpetuating inequities in care. The study highlights persistent challenges in representation, emphasizing the need for increased female inclusion.
Discontinuing oral anticoagulant therapy after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation reduces the risk of stroke, systemic embolism, and major bleeding compared to continued direct oral anticoagulant therapy. The study found that long-term discontinuation of anticoagulation therapy resulted in a lower composite outcome of these events.
Studies show semaglutide and tirzepatide significantly reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure or all-cause mortality. These medications offer a promising treatment option for patients with cardiometabolic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
A new hypothesis proposes that transformation of adipokine molecules in excess internal fat tissue is the primary cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Drugs targeting fat tissue, not the heart, can alleviate HFpEF symptoms.