Researchers discovered that calcareous shale and hybrid shale are favorable lithofacies for shale oil accumulation due to their high free hydrocarbon content and superior storage capacity. The study provides a unified conceptual framework for understanding the accumulation patterns of nonmarine shale oil in China.
A special issue examines how AI can support human flourishing in various contexts, including healthcare, education, and digital interactions. The issue highlights the need for humane AI that balances technological advancement with human-centric values and psychological insight.
A groundbreaking single-day study on Crete's soil microbiome has provided new insights into the environmental factors influencing microbial diversity. The researchers identified several key drivers, including soil moisture and nutrient availability, which can inform strategies for preserving biodiversity.
A new AI model called RiboNN predicts translation efficiency of mRNA sequences, accelerating the development of mRNA therapeutics. The tool helps predict how much protein cells will produce, minimizing trial-and-error experimentation.
Researchers at Cranfield University are developing a faster and more efficient method for genetically engineering plants, bypassing tissue culture. The 'Fast-Track Crop Improvement' project aims to transform seeds and pollen directly, increasing the speed of crop improvement and opening up new possibilities for breeding and production.
Researchers developed a software fueled by genomics to predict cancer cell behavior, combining genomics technologies with computational modeling. The new 'grammar' enables communication between biology and code, allowing scientists to build digital representations of multicellular biological systems and simulate diseases like cancer.
A qualitative study investigated how women subjectively experience fundal pressure during childbirth, revealing that understanding and manageability significantly influence the outcome. The study found that clear communication from medical staff can turn a critical intervention into a supportive one.
A new citizen science project by Leipzig University uses drones to capture images of Galapagos marine iguanas, which are then analyzed by online volunteers. The results show that volunteers can reliably count the animals, even in challenging conditions, providing a valuable contribution to conservation efforts.
A team of Penn State researchers has discovered a fundamental reaction in transition metal chemistry that can proceed through a different order of events, achieving the same outcome. This finding raises questions about whether this new pathway has been occurring all along and potentially opens up new avenues for chemical design.
A new study finds that past injuries can amplify fear and pain responses to stressful experiences, setting the stage for chronic pain conditions. Researchers discovered that mice with a history of injury responded more intensely to predator scent, exhibiting exaggerated fear and long-lasting pain.
The study uses systems modeling to analyze potential trade-offs of proposed NIH cuts, considering implications for long-term biomedical research and public health. The results suggest that funding policies must consider systemic interactions beyond immediate budgetary impacts.
A new study led by Texas A&M University found that popular sporting group breeds are more likely to be motivated by food, while owners in urban environments and with multiple dogs are also at risk. The study emphasizes the importance of tailored weight management strategies for dogs and their families.
Researchers at the University of Vienna have discovered a new mechanism for triggering mitophagy, a self-cleaning process in cells crucial for health. The study reveals that NIX and BNIP3 can trigger autophagy without binding to FIP200, suggesting alternative molecular strategies depending on the receptor and context.
A study of Medicare beneficiaries with poor-prognosis cancers found that outpatient palliative care visits doubled, mostly driven by advanced practice clinicians. However, a minority of decedents received any specialty palliative care, and access remained low for older adults, those with lower incomes, and those living in nonmetropolit...
Scientists have found that nucleosomes act as gatekeepers for p53's molecular partners, controlling its access to the genetic code. This discovery reveals a new layer of regulation over p53's activity and opens possibilities for developing cancer therapies that restore or control p53 function.
Study identifies genes functional in fetal brain stem cells linked to various brain diseases, including autism, depression, and Alzheimer's. Understanding these mechanisms can lead to targeted therapies and personalized treatments.
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that gestational carriers are at a higher risk of developing new-onset mental illness during and after pregnancy. The study analyzed data from over 767,000 births in Ontario, Canada and found that nearly 1 in 5 gestational carriers had a prior mental illness diagnosis before pregnancy.
A study analyzing 249 individuals reveals disrupted interactions between the gut microbiome, immune system, and metabolism in ME/CFS patients. Biomarkers linked to symptoms such as sleep disturbances, headaches, and fatigue provide hope for future diagnostic tools.
Researchers at Penn State and WHO develop a method to predict regional measles vaccination coverage even without accurate survey data. The method uses routinely collected data on potential measles cases, resulting in highly correlated predictions with gold-standard DHS data.
Researchers have developed a noninvasive method for visualizing stents through skin using photoacoustic microscopy, potentially reducing the need for surgical access and X-ray exposure. The technique uses sound waves generated by light absorption to create high-resolution images of stents in various conditions.
A study by researchers at UCSF found that young patients who received eight or more outpatient therapy sessions after a hospital stay were 25 times less likely to be readmitted. The therapy was delivered by community-based clinicians and did not require specialist expertise. This simple yet effective approach has the potential to break...
A new global study reveals unprecedented freshwater loss since 2002, with four continental-scale mega-drying regions in the northern hemisphere. The findings warn of severe consequences for water security, agriculture, and sea level rise.
Researchers at IBEC created an artificial cell that migrates towards specific substances like living cells do. The study demonstrates how microscopic bubbles can be programmed to follow chemical trails and explores the core principles behind chemotaxis.
Researchers developed a new AI model named BATMAN to improve T cell receptor therapy accuracy. The AI uses a vast database of over 22,000 TCR-peptide interactions to predict peptide binding and identify potential cancer treatments.
A study found that growing bush basil near green beans activates the plant's defense mechanisms against spider mites and attracts natural enemies of these pests. The researchers identified linalool and eugenol as the primary VOCs emitted by bush basil, which enhanced the defensive responses of green bean plants.
A new study reveals a disconnect between media and public perceptions on the risks of consuming wild meat in Central Africa during COVID-19. Researchers found that people's perceptions were more influenced by their personal experience, with domesticated red meat viewed as the riskiest protein source for disease.
A first-in-human study found that naloxone reduces opioid receptor availability by 40-50 percent in brain regions, but shows a greater reduction in women compared to men. This suggests sex-based differences in how men and women respond to opioid overdose treatments.
The Davos Alzheimer's Collaborative will present significant new research on early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, with a focus on expanding its research footprint across five continents. The initiative aims to translate science into real-world impact by building healthcare system capacity globally.
Four leading Japanese corporations in the health and nutrition sectors have joined forces to advance microbiome science. The event aims to explore recent research and development achievements, engage with industry innovators, and promote practical applications of fundamental research.
Researchers found that Earth's gravity pulls down on sand more strongly than previously thought, making it more rigid and reducing the likelihood of getting stuck. This discovery highlights the importance of physics-based simulation in analyzing rover mobility on granular soil.
A large-scale study published in Frontiers in Public Health found that individuals experiencing persistent and intense grief are nearly twice as likely to die within 10 years after losing a loved one. The study followed a cohort of 1,735 bereaved individuals and found that those with high grief symptom levels had significantly higher r...
Research found that high-elevation tropical forests in the Colombian Andes store significant amounts of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) due to past fires. The study analyzed soil samples from different elevations and land-use types, revealing PyC stocks nine to ten times higher in High Andean forests than in warmer regions.
A study by University of California, Santa Cruz researchers found that pandemic-period relative excess mortality was twice as high among potentially undocumented immigrants as among those who appeared to be documented immigrants. The study also revealed a staggering 91% increase in deaths among Latino essential workers who were potenti...
Researchers found olutasidenib to be highly effective in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and IDH1 mutations. The study showed a response rate of 59% and improved blood count improvement, long duration of response, and overall survival rates. This breakthrough offers new treatment options for these patients.
Laminin-411 protein and its derived peptide A4G47 exhibit pro-myelinating activity in oligodendrocytes, promoting myelin sheath formation. This discovery advances understanding of myelin sheath formation and potential applications for treating demyelinating diseases.
University of Toronto researchers have developed a new material that repels both water and grease as well as standard non-stick coatings, but contains much lower amounts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The material uses nanoscale fletching technology to achieve its performance, making it a safer alternative for consumer ...
Scientists at KAUST discovered how free water compromises battery life and performance, but also found a solution with affordable salts like zinc sulfate. The study showed that sulfate reduces the amount of free water in batteries, increasing their lifespan by more than ten times.
Researchers have developed a next-generation silicon resonant pressure microsensor with high-resolution pressure readings and automatic temperature compensation. The sensor features dual resonators supported by micro beams, achieving pressures up to 70 MPa and resolutions of 100 Pascals.
A newly described microendemic gecko species has been found in three small forest fragments in south-eastern Madagascar. The species, Paragehyra tsaranoro, is critically endangered due to habitat loss and fragmentation, highlighting the importance of protecting its cultural heritage.
Researchers have captured the first microscopy images of atomic thermal vibrations in quantum materials, revealing a new type of motion that could reshape the design of quantum technologies and ultrathin electronics. The breakthrough study uses electron ptychography to map thermal vibrations with atomic precision for the first time.
The conference will feature keynote speakers Donna Ryan and Erik Wilson, as well as informative presentations and breakout sessions on the latest advances in obesity research. The Louisiana Obesity Society aims to support healthcare providers treating obesity through education and networking.
Researchers from HSE MIEM have demonstrated that controlled defect distribution, or correlated disorder, can enhance superconductivity in materials, allowing it to occur at higher temperatures and extend throughout the entire material. This finding could lead to the development of superconductors that operate without extreme cooling.
Researchers have engineered novel microbial cell factories capable of utilizing methanol to produce high-value chemical intermediate α-farnesene. The engineered strain achieved a yield of 3.28 g/L, establishing an effective strategy for low-cost and sustainable biomanufacturing.
Researchers at MIT develop a new method to directly measure the strength of electron-phonon interaction in semiconductors, a crucial property for next-generation microelectronic devices and quantum computers. This approach leverages an oft-overlooked interference effect in neutron scattering to detect electron-phonon interactions.
ShadeLA aims to reduce heat risk by expanding tree canopy and shade infrastructure in key public spaces, targeting major sporting events and heat waves. The initiative builds on USC's Urban Trees Initiative and engages community-based organizations to create locally driven solutions for a more comfortable L.A.
Researchers propose a synergistic combination strategy using systemic type I interferons (IFN-I) and local TLR7/8 agonists to enhance dendritic cell activation and inhibit metastatic tumors. This approach enhances early innate immune control and later induces CD8+ T cell responses.
In a breakthrough study, researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center found that microglia cells respond differently than neutrophils to photoreceptor damage in the retina. This discovery has high implications for treating vision loss caused by photoreceptor cell damage.
A four-level hierarchical framework has been developed to standardize all experimental processes in biofoundries, facilitating the accumulation of high-quality process data usable in AI applications. This structure enables consistent recording, sharing, and automation of complex biological experiments.
Research suggests that fresh grapes possess numerous health benefits due to their high antioxidant content, including promoting relaxation of blood vessels, healthy circulation, and modulating cholesterol levels. Grapes have also been shown to support brain, skin, gut, and eye health through various mechanisms
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that glipizide, a commonly used type 2 diabetes medication, is associated with a 13% increase in cardiovascular risk compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. The study analyzed data from nearly 50,000 patients and found that glipizide was linked to higher rates of heart ...
Researchers have discovered a new species of deep-sea limpet, measuring up to 40.5 mm in shell length, found 5,922 meters beneath the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The species, named Bathylepeta wadatsumi, has broader ecological implications as it appears to graze on sediment layers over rock.
Researchers at King's College London discovered that ketamine's antidepressant effects involve the brain's opioid system, which works together with glutamatergic systems to produce rapid treatment effects. The study also identified a sex-related effect, where males with depression showed a more pronounced response to naltrexone.
A team of researchers from Waseda University investigated the effects of new communication media, including video-conferencing and embodied virtual reality, on self-disclosure. They found that embodied VR, especially with unrealistic avatars, resulted in higher self-disclosure of personal feelings compared to face-to-face conversations.
A multi-university team has developed a system combining magnetic steering and light-triggered release for precise targeted drug delivery. The researchers successfully steered microscopic drug delivery containers using magnetic fields, advancing the development of precision medicine.
A study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection caused different long-term consequences in lean and obese macaques, with obesity increasing risks like persistent lung damage. Lean animals also experienced signs of metabolic disruption, suggesting long COVID may be more common than reported.
Researchers developed a new, thermally stable T7 RNA polymerase that reduces harmful double-stranded RNA byproducts and improves mRNA biocatalyst efficiency. This innovation has potential for novel vaccines and treatments targeting various diseases.
Researchers at USC have developed a new understanding of how the human brain organizes its visual memories by sorting them into categories. The study, published in Advanced Science, used human patient brain recordings and machine learning to decode the category of visual image being recalled from precise neural timing.
The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) are conducting joint research on nuclear safety and security. The partnership aims to train young researchers and develop innovative tools for nuclear applications, with a focus on medical research, space travel, and decommissioning nuclear facilities.
A new ventilation mode called proportional assist ventilation (PAV+) has been found to improve outcomes for critically ill patients on ventilators. PAV+ reduces the need for sedation and delirium in ICU patients, leading to faster recovery times.
The study reveals that the optimal penetration of grid-forming converters depends on a delicate balance between stability requirements and economic considerations. The researchers found that dynamically adjusting the share of GFMs strengthens system security while reducing total system costs.