A meta-analysis from the University of Georgia's College of Public Health found that factors like air pollution and access to green spaces can significantly raise or lower dementia risk. Living near major roadways was associated with a 10% higher risk, while exposure to fine particulate matter increased risk by 9%.
Researchers developed guiding principles for personalized nutrition approaches addressing users and beneficiaries, data collection and handling, methodology, and purpose. They also addressed the opportunities and challenges around data and regulatory issues in the field of personalized nutrition.
A special issue of the Journal of Dairy Science provides detailed technical recommendations for developing and implementing feed additives to reduce methane emissions from ruminants. The guidelines cover testing, trial, and modeling phases to ensure efficacy and safety.
Researchers have employed artificial intelligence and data analysis to improve forest protection, enabling real-time monitoring and predictive analysis. The innovative forest regeneration model forecasts how forests will grow and change over time, identifying best-suited tree species for different environments.
A new USC report reveals that most Americans support civics education in schools, with high levels of bipartisan agreement on issues like teaching about racism and promoting critical thinking. However, sharp partisan divisions persist on issues like diversity, equity, and inclusion policies and student free speech on college campuses.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that approximately 40% of adults with chronic pain experience clinically significant depression and anxiety. Women, younger people, and those with nociplastic pain are most vulnerable to these conditions.
A survey study found that US adults have regular exposure to mass shootings, which disproportionately affects younger generations and males. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions to address the broader impacts of gun violence on public health and community well-being.
Angel Martí, a leading researcher on chemistry and nanostructures, has been awarded the Robert Holland Jr. Award for his groundbreaking work. He is recognized for his contributions to advancing scientific discovery and fostering talent in STEM fields.
Researchers at Tartu University have developed a robotics concept that redefines adaptability by weaving its body on demand, like spiders spin their webs. The robot creates custom components in situ using heated polymer solutions, enabling it to operate in complex environments and interact with its surroundings dynamically.
A new study identifies neighborhood amenities, parental mental health, emotional support networks, regular reading routines, and limited screen time as protective factors for improved school readiness. The research highlights the critical role of family routines and parental supports in shaping early child development.
Researchers discovered genetic variants in ITSN1 significantly increase Parkinson's disease risk, especially among rare mutations. The study highlights ITSN1 as a promising therapeutic target and underscores the value of large-scale genetic sequencing.
A new study finds that purified immunoglobulin F(ab′)2 fragments effectively prevent lethality caused by staphylococcal enterotoxin B in mice and rhesus monkeys. The therapeutic antibody mechanism involves inhibition of neutrophil activation, proliferation, and differentiation.
The employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities remained stable at approximately 37.5% in February, according to the nTIDE report. The labor force participation rate also decreased slightly from 42% to 40.8% for people with disabilities.
Researchers developed a prototype sensor that detects H5N1 viruses in air samples, detecting the virus at levels below an infectious dose. The sensor produced results within 5 minutes and showed over 90% accuracy compared to traditional methods, offering promise for noninvasive air monitoring.
Patients with chronic kidney disease are at risk of neurological issues after cardiac surgery due to complex interactions among functional status, general anesthesia, and surgical trauma. Cognitive dysfunction is a significant concern for quality of life and overall prognosis.
Physicists use a new method to create an artificial crystal lattice by applying an electric voltage, allowing them to study the behavior of electrons in semiconductor materials. The technique enables insights into strong interactions and their effects on material properties.
Researchers have developed an innovative acoustofluidics-based approach for delivering biomolecular cargos into cells, overcoming limitations of traditional methods. The new method enables controlled contact between cells and nanoparticles, enhancing membrane permeability and improving delivery efficiency.
Elevated fluoride concentrations have been shown to impair cognitive abilities in children, particularly verbal reasoning skills and sensory processing. The study suggests that even low levels of exposure can have significant effects, highlighting the need for further research on fluoride health risks.
Researchers have discovered a new way to stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation, offering promising results in both human cardiac slices and live animals. This innovative approach targets calcium signaling pathways, potentially transforming the treatment landscape for patients suffering from heart failure.
A recent study published in Science Advances reveals that high levels of ammonia kill liver cells by damaging mitochondria, leading to a vicious cycle of system breakdown. However, an existing drug called YAQ-005 can halt this damage and prevent liver cell death.
Researchers analyzed changes in tooth size and growth layer groups of South American sea lions over the past century to understand how population dynamics impact growth. The study found significant correlations between body length and tooth length, as well as narrower growth layers during peak population density periods.
Research led by Universitat Oberta de Catalunya analyzed 45 airline groups before and after the Covid pandemic, finding that airlines with greater gender diversity on their boards and in executive teams exhibited greater efficiency. Airlines could improve efficiency by 1.9% to 3.2% if they increase female representation to at least 25%.
The VALOR project aims to understand the cascading impacts of pollinator shifts on ecosystems, farm businesses, and local communities. It will develop a comprehensive approach to gaining insights into the effects of pollinator changes on human well-being.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory have discovered a new way to strengthen titanium alloys using AI, enabling faster production and improved mechanical properties. The breakthrough has implications for industries such as shipbuilding, aviation, and medical devices.
A recent study by the University of the Basque Country reveals that pollinator diversity is essential for maintaining ecosystem health and plant reproduction. The research, conducted across 46 countries, found that a decline in wild pollinators has a negative impact on plants' reproductive success.
A new study reveals that nearly 7% of US adults have been present at the scene of a mass shooting, while over 2% have been injured during one. Younger generations are significantly more likely to have been exposed than their parents or grandparents were.
Researchers used advanced technology to analyze over 100 hours of brain activity during real-life discussions. The study found that the brain processes language in a sequence, from thinking about words to forming sounds and vice versa.
A new drug formulation called Rhenium Obisbemeda has been shown to significantly extend the median survival and progression-free time of glioblastoma patients, with a median overall survival time of 17 months. The treatment, which uses convection-enhanced delivery, shows promise as a potential cure for this deadly brain tumor.
A team of researchers from Aalto University developed a hydrogel with a unique structure that combines high stiffness with flexibility and self-healing capabilities. The material uses exceptionally large and ultra-thin specific clay nanosheets, allowing it to self-heal via entanglement.
A recent study in Frontiers in Public Health documents the prevalence of suicide among musicians, highlighting occupational mortality data from England and US epidemiological data. The research emphasizes the need for evidence-based interventions addressing systemic stressors in music careers.
A new method of biometric authentication has been developed using hyperspectral imaging and AI to identify individuals through the unique patterns in their blood vessels on the palm of their hand. The technology shows great promise for secure personal identification and could potentially be used as a key to unlock homes.
Research finds that microglial dysfunction, neurovascular inflammation, and focal neuropathologies are associated with systemic inflammation in COVID-19. The study suggests that targeted inhibition of these changes could help alleviate neurological symptoms.
The NDTSL method uses Schatten-p norm and soft label matrix to improve model classification performance on target data. It effectively tackles the problem of label noise in source labels, achieving better results than previous research.
Researchers developed oncomicrobial vaccines targeting C. jejuni and ETBF, which reduced tumor development and inflammation in mice models. The vaccines elicited strong immune responses while minimizing disruption to gut microbiota composition.
A study led by Drs. Jia-Xin Li and Rui-Lin Zhao identifies 22 new fungal species from Beijing's urban green spaces, including 8 new Leucoagaricus and 2 new Leucocoprinus species. The discovery highlights the importance of urban environments in supporting biodiversity.
The study successfully controls the growth of Pr1.5Ba1.5Cu3O7 cubes, leading to improved cathode performance and increased oxygen adsorption. The optimized cathode shows enhanced cell performance with higher power output and lower resistance, outperforming previous materials.
A recent study examines the impact of climate physical risks on China's digital and low-carbon economies. The research reveals regional disparities and highlights the mechanisms through which climate risks disrupt technological innovation and economic integration.
A new hybrid model combining DNNs and TLBO algorithm improves SoC estimation in lithium-ion batteries, outperforming traditional methods. The model achieved high precision and reliability, offering a game-changing approach for EV battery management systems.
A new study introduces a method to synthesize spatial coherence during nonlinear interactions, allowing for the transfer of coherence patterns between different spectral ranges. This approach enables advanced imaging techniques such as infrared imaging for medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.
Researchers found high prevalence of Candida glabrata in pregnant women's reproductive tracts in Hainan, with 36.2% of isolates resistant to at least one antifungal drug. Genetic diversity analysis revealed 14 sequence types, with some shared among ecological niches, indicating potential for transmission and evolution.
Researchers identified specific gene expansions that enable Microsporum canis to thrive on human skin, including proteases, chitinases, and carbohydrate metabolism genes. These adaptations may enhance the fungus's immune evasion and environmental adaptation capabilities.
This study reveals 18 new species and three new combinations of Rhytismataceae on twigs of Rhododendron, expanding knowledge of the order's host specificity and ecological cycles. The research provides a natural classification system for Rhytismatales and offers insights into preventing forest tree diseases.
This review explores recent progress in organic-inorganic heterojunction optoelectronic devices, highlighting their potential applications in various fields. The common preparation methods of these heterojunctions and their multifunctional device capabilities are discussed.
The study reveals PoMbp1 regulates polysaccharide catabolic genes, enhancing growth and development in P. ostreatus. Overexpression of PoMbp1 inhibits CreA activity, promoting cellulose utilization and conversion.
A systematic re-evaluation of China's Ordovician tectonic architecture proposes a refined model of four mega-regions and 16 sub-regions, resolving decades of ambiguity. The revised framework identifies key cratons and microcontinents as mobile crustal fragments within ancient oceans.
Countries are urged to update their National Determined Contribution plans to address plastic waste and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The team suggests specific goals, such as cutting plastic production and incentivizing sustainable manufacturing.
A team of scientists developed a general polarization metrology method capable of detecting SoP on any HOPS, featuring miniaturized size and simple detection process. The metasurface photonics polarization clock enables fully characterization of beams via a single measurement.
A new parasite introduced from Mainland China is infecting native fish in the Tone River system. Non-native fish such as bluegill and channel catfish help sustain the parasite's life cycle.
The Einstein Probe mission aims to probe X-ray transient sources and explosive astrophysical phenomena, contributing significantly to astronomical research. The mission's sophisticated observational instruments will enhance the detection of sudden X-ray transients and monitor variability in known celestial sources.
A new Cochrane review has found evidence that music-based therapy may benefit people living with dementia, particularly by improving symptoms of depression. The review suggests that music therapy probably improves depressive symptoms and may improve overall behavioural problems by the end of treatment.
A study published in The BMJ found that there is limited and variable quality evidence on the safety and effectiveness of physician associates and anaesthetic associates in the UK. Researchers recommend further investigation into staff concerns and safety incidents to inform a national scope of practice for these roles.
A new study led by researchers at UCL has found that online brain speed tests can provide valuable insights into cognitive function and potentially shed light on dementia development. The tests, which measure reaction times, were designed to be easy and convenient for women in their 40s and older to participate from home.
A new study from Texas A&M University's Mosbacher Institute found that reducing violent crime in El Salvador significantly decreased Central American emigration to the US. Homicide rates dropped by 87% after President Nayib Bukele implemented a crackdown, resulting in a 45-67% reduction in border apprehensions.
A new 'one-pot' technique has enabled the simultaneous creation of inorganic and polymer battery electrolytes, overcoming the tradeoff between efficiency and mechanical properties. The method, developed at UChicago PME, reduces labor needed for hybrid material synthesis and creates perfect physical blends with chemical bonding.
The U.S. research ecosystem, fueled by high-performance computing, is facing a critical moment due to slow infrastructure growth and funding cuts. The National Science Foundation's staffing cuts will slow down the process of innovation, potentially harming the country's competitive edge in research.
A Phase 2 clinical trial found that a neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy regimen achieved a 53% deep response rate, exceeding historical data with chemotherapy alone. The treatment approach led to impressive survival outcomes and fewer toxic side effects in patients with advanced HPV-negative head and neck cancer.
A University of Mississippi study found that student performance scores declined during the pandemic and continue to drop, with a focus on lost life skills such as time management, self-motivation, and social interaction. The research highlights the need for intentional life skill development before and after college.
A Rutgers Health study found that closely monitoring blood pressure of post-partum mothers can lead to a 68% decrease in emergency department visits. The study also showed an improvement in blood pressures throughout the six weeks postpartum and trends towards decreasing hospital readmissions for hypertension.
Researchers are conducting a clinical trial to find the optimal combination of pain management tools for patients undergoing mastectomy procedures. The study will enroll approximately 100 patients and examine various combinations of pectoralis nerve blocks, non-opioid analgesics, and administration methods.
The Ecological Society of America named ten outstanding graduate students with the 2025 Katherine S. McCarter Graduate Student Policy Award for their dedication to science policy and advocacy. The awardees will participate in policy, communication, and career training in Washington, D.C., and engage with lawmakers on Capitol Hill.