Scientists have developed Cu₂O₁₋ₓ superlattice structures with oxygen vacancies to boost localized surface plasmon resonance. The study reveals that oxygen vacancies increase carrier concentration and modify the material's electronic band structure, resulting in powerful LSPR modes.
Researchers have found that similar patterns of cracks on planets Earth, Mars and Europa may indicate past water presence and potential life. The study uses a mathematical framework to analyze two-dimensional fracture networks across the solar system.
USU geoscientists Jordan Jensen and Alexis Ault have developed a new forensic tool to investigate the timing of geochemical oxidation reactions in iron-oxide minerals. The tool uses martite and uranium-thorium-helium analyses to shed light on how and when large gaps in the rock record, known as unconformities, formed.
A research team led by Prof. QU Zhe discovered a way to control the magnetic reversal in Co3Sn2S2, a Weyl semimetal, by adjusting the maximum external magnetic field (Hmax) and thermal history. This finding explains the asymmetric hysteresis loop in Co3Sn2S2, different from the usual exchange bias effect.
A nonlocal Huygens' meta-lens achieves high-quality-factor spin-multiplexing imaging with a high Q factor of 90. The proposed design enables simultaneous bright-field imaging and edge detection in the near-infrared region, improving imaging quality and accuracy.
A novel ammonium adsorbent developed by the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science significantly reduces ammonia emissions from wheat fields. The application of the adsorbent, composed of humic acid-modified montmorillonite, offers a sustainable alternative to traditional deep nitrogen placement methods.
A new Raman spectroscopy technique has unveiled subtle structural changes in porphyrin molecules, which are essential for the biological functions of many enzymes. The technique successfully detected tiny deformations and linked them to specific Raman peak shifts.
A study developed an integrated assessment framework to help policymakers and urban planners translate digital participation data into actionable strategies. The framework balances transparency and representativeness in decision-making, highlighting the need for long-term tracking of participation outcomes.
Researchers introduce antipolar frustration strategy to improve energy storage in antiferroelectric materials, achieving 189 J/cm³ with an efficiency of 81%.
A new method controls nickel particle size in catalysts, improving their performance in hydrogenation reactions. The study found that intermediate-sized particles maximize productivity for the hydrogenation of vanillin into 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol.
A new model based on Dual-view Prompt and Element Correlation (DPEC) encodes spatial discriminative information to enhance spatial relation extraction. The approach combines a mask language model with two prompts: Link Prompt for contextual information and Confidence Prompt for trigger recognition.
A large study of nearly 80,000 men found that those with better semen quality lived two to three years longer than those with poorer semen quality. The research suggests that poor semen quality may be an indicator of underlying health issues, and could potentially detect early signs of disease.
Researchers from UNSW Sydney have discovered a potential new exoplanet using the transit timing variation method. The new planet is estimated to be 10-16 times the size of Earth and orbits its star in under 16 days.
Research suggests that resistance exercise is the most effective type for tackling insomnia in older adults, with a significant improvement in sleep quality. Aerobic and combination exercises also show promise, but to a lesser extent. The study analyzed data from 24 studies involving over 2,000 adults aged 60 and above.
The global number of postmenopausal osteoarthritis cases has risen by 130% over the past three decades, primarily due to excess weight accounting for 20% of total years lived with resulting disability globally. East Asia and high-income Asia Pacific countries experienced the fastest growth in the condition.
Researchers have identified novel mosquito repellents with high success rates from natural sources, including food and flavoring materials. The team's machine learning-based cheminformatics approach also pinpointed pyrethroid analogs up to 100 times more effective than existing industry standards.
Research reveals that gene flow from Antarctica enhances the genetic diversity and adaptive potential of Australasian killer whale populations. This influx of genetic material helps reduce inbreeding and boosts population health, increasing their ability to adapt to environmental changes. The study provides rare evidence of mechanisms ...
A recent study comparing the sexual behavior of bonobos and chimpanzees during stressful periods has provided insights into humans' own behavioral origins. Both species utilized sex to manage social tension, with bonobos engaging in 'make-up sex' after conflicts and chimpanzees using sex in various ways to ease tensions.
The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences has achieved its highest ever ranking in National Institutes of Health funding, improving its ranking to 102 out of 2,838 institutions and receiving $75.2 million in funding. The college's faculty members conduct numerous types of research across various academic departments.
Research from Keck School of Medicine of USC found that mothers with high prenatal psychosocial stress and depressive symptoms developed higher blood pressure during the first year postpartum. Social cohesion during pregnancy was also associated with lower blood pressure, suggesting a protective factor.
Researchers found that ancient frog relatives thrived after the Permian-Triassic mass extinction due to their generalist feeding ecology and ability to feed on a wide variety of prey. They were able to survive and even flourish in freshwater habitats, which provided them with stable food resources amidst the turbulent Triassic ecosystem.
A novel method using sodium salts of FAs, ethanol, and ultrasonication creates stable FA micelles with no degradation of FAs during preparation. This approach preserves the integrity of FAs and is applicable to a wide range of fatty acids.
Gypsum and silica scaling significantly impact membrane desalination performance, causing rapid kinetics and adhesive layers. Researchers develop targeted strategies to combat mineral scaling using hydrophilic polymer brushes, zwitterionic coatings, and modified membrane surface charges.
A University of South Australia study found that students who exhibit higher levels of creativity tend to excel in literacy and numeracy assessments. Higher flexibility in divergent thinking was associated with stronger NAPLAN literacy outcomes, while mathematical creativity was linked to stronger numeracy performance.
The Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists in the UK recognize promising scientists under 42 for their work on pressing issues. The three winners are tackling infant mortality, green manufacturing, and predicting long-term climate change. Their prize-winning research will receive £100,000 in unrestricted funds.
UC Santa Barbara researchers develop photonic integrated 3D-MOT, a miniaturized version of equipment used to trap and cool atoms. This innovation enables new applications in sensing, precision timekeeping, and quantum computing, and paves the way for accessible quantum research projects.
Moffitt Cancer Center has become the first standalone cancer center to open a Nikon Center of Excellence, highlighting its leadership in advanced imaging and cancer research. This partnership with Nikon will accelerate discoveries in cancer treatments and diagnostics.
The partnership aims to develop comprehensive, locally driven open science frameworks through capacity building, policy advocacy, and stakeholder engagement. National open science dialogues will be instrumental in shaping the future of open science in North Africa.
Actin research experts gathered to discuss latest discoveries and advancements in actin-related biology. Key topics covered included actin cytoskeleton dynamics and its role in cellular processes.
A study found that low doses of pesticide imidacloprid can improve the survival of bumble bee queens in diapause, but this effect comes at a cost to their long-term fitness. Researchers are calling for further study on these hormetic responses to better understand their impact.
Researchers from the University of Washington have developed an assistive feeding arm that can help people with motor impairments feed themselves. The system, dubbed ADA, uses a robotic arm and web app to deliver meals autonomously, with users able to customize its functionality.
A new computer vision system, integrating internet of things and artificial intelligence, enables continuous monitoring of plant growth in controlled environment agriculture. The system successfully isolated individual plants and tracked changes in leaf coverage area throughout their growth cycle.
A global study led by the Monell Chemical Senses Center found significant variations in bitterness ratings among adults from different ancestries, suggesting personalized formulations to improve medicine taste. Genetic variants and bitter modifier effectiveness also differed across groups.
The Magellan Adaptive Optics Xtreme (MagAO-X) instrument observed two young planets orbiting PDS 70, revealing compact rings of dust and startling changes in brightness. The team believes these features are telltale signs of the planet's turbulent youth.
A study published in Sleep Epidemiology found that poor sleep health predicted a decline in mobility over eight years following a chronic health diagnosis. Women with diabetes, osteoarthritis, or multiple sclerosis who also had signs of obstructive sleep apnea were more likely to experience future mobility problems.
A Rice University study has found that rising temperatures exacerbate competition within populations, leading to population crashes. This research provides a critical link between temperature increases and declines in species populations, shedding new light on the threats posed by global warming.
A preliminary study found that taking higher doses of folic acid during the first trimester of pregnancy was safe and associated with improved verbal abilities and behavior skills in children at age six. The study, which included 345 children, showed no evidence of negative effects at higher doses.
Researchers at the University of Florida found that US consumers prefer synthetic vanilla flavoring due to familiarity, but are willing to pay more for domestically produced extract. In contrast, when informed about the origin, they prefer Florida-grown extracts and are willing to pay a premium.
The discovery of a long-lived planet-forming disk around the star WISE J0446B reveals that disks can persist for three times longer than expected. The study provides new insights into planetary formation and the habitability of planets outside our solar system, particularly for low-mass stars.
A study by the University of Exeter finds that Lebanon's dual education system exacerbates social inequalities, with parents favoring private schools over public ones. The economic crisis has led to reduced government funding, causing school days to be shortened and curricula to be rushed.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered iron oxides can drive phosphorus conversion at rates comparable to enzymes, unlocking access to essential nutrients for plant growth. The discovery could optimize agricultural soil use and improve crop yields.
The university plans to recruit an outstanding researcher for a professorship focused on psychoanalytical approaches, combining psychology and social sciences. This will enable exploration of new research fields and innovative combinations of expertise between Goethe University's Faculty of Psychology and Sports Sciences and Sigmund Fr...
Researchers discovered distinct neuronal populations in the ACC process pain and itch information separately, with stimulus-specific neurons receiving differentiated synaptic inputs from the mediodorsal thalamus. Suppressing these neurons reduced corresponding sensations without affecting the other.
A survey by SCAI highlights alarming trends in radiation exposure and orthopedic injuries for interventional cardiologists and staff. The study proposes concrete steps to mitigate these hazards, including the adoption of new shielding technologies and expanding formal radiation safety education.
The Regional Government of Madrid invests 16 million euros in quantum communications research projects, including the MadQuantum-CM initiative. IMDEA Networks and 5TONIC develop next-gen quantum communication protocols and secure key distribution solutions, while Telefónica deploys the MadQCI fibre network.
A new research infrastructure called SAFAtor aims to close the gap in ocean data by collecting real-time pressure, temperature, and seismic data from deep-sea telecommunications cables. The project will deploy sensor technology along an undersea cable to monitor climate and geological hazards.
Researchers developed a new growth method leveraging 2D materials as templates to enable the synthesis of perfectly single-crystal TMD films on any substrate. The 'Hypotaxy' technique holds significant industrial potential, allowing for low-temperature growth and precise control over film thickness.
The low-altitude economy is emerging as a new engine for economic growth in China, with significant impacts on urban transportation, logistics, and environmental monitoring. Geographic information science and technology are vital for refined airspace resource utilization, drone operation, and regulatory oversight.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed a process to recover nickel from spent batteries and convert it into a nanocatalyst that reduces CO2 into valuable methane. This innovation has the potential to reduce waste and provide a sustainable fuel source.
A new study found that nearly 40% of adult Americans report experiencing some form of sport-related mistreatment, with psychological and emotional abuse leading the way. The study also revealed that weight issues were a common reason for mistreatment, cited by 52% of respondents.
Researchers at UC San Diego create computational approach to model chiral helimagnets using quantum mechanics calculations. They successfully predicted key parameters, including helix wavevector, period, and critical magnetic field, opening opportunities for designing better materials.
A recent special issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science delves into the study of individual variability, or 'noise,' in human behavior. Researchers argue that noise is not an error to be minimized but rather a source of information that can provide insights into psychological processes. By analyzing distributions of noise, scie...
A study of Asian hornets found over 1,400 different species in their guts, including a wide range of bees, wasps, and insects. The diet varied strongly over the seasons and between regions, showing that they are highly flexible predators.
Research identifies six clusters of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with varying pathophysiology and clinical outcomes. These clusters may enable personalized risk prognosis and treatment through lifestyle modification programs and targeted therapies.
Research reveals nearly 10% of individuals with disabilities misused prescription drugs in the past year, compared to 4.4% without disabilities. Young adults and those with cognitive disabilities are particularly vulnerable to prescription drug misuse.
A new Concordia study shows that consuming alcohol to cope with fears of anxiety was linked to unhealthy outcomes in young adults during the pandemic. Anxiety sensitivity, a fear of experiencing anxiety symptoms and negative health consequences, was also found to predict higher levels of drinking among young adults.
Researchers are enrolling volunteers for a four-year study that will use advanced imaging, genetics, exercise science, neuroscience, and remote monitoring to investigate age-related health decline. The goal is to help individuals and healthcare practitioners better prevent the impact of disease on older adults.
The study identifies suitable areas for offshore wind installations, with 18% of sites acceptable from a socio-environmental perspective. Smaller projects may offer less uncertainty in their impacts, making them more robust for development.
A novel artificial SEI membrane is developed to stabilize the Zn anode, improving cycling stability and electrochemical performances. The PFA-COOH-CNT film exhibits excellent zincophile and hydrophobic properties, inhibiting dendrite growth and hydrogen evolution reactions.
Researchers found that limiting daytime sleep and getting approximately seven hours of sleep each night in the first week after a concussion may speed up recovery. Youth who sleep more or less than ideal amounts during this period may experience slower symptom resolution.