The study developed a framework guided by the SENCE theory, using pressure-state-response models and indicators like population density and net primary productivity. Ecological security improved significantly in the basin from 2000 to 2020, with higher levels in western and eastern regions.
Researchers discovered a gene called Plvap enables the body's metabolic shift from burning sugar to fat when fasting. When Plvap is turned off, the liver continues burning sugar, potentially increasing the effectiveness of weight-loss and diabetes medications.
A study found that long-term cocaine use increases impulsivity in healthy rats, contradicting the belief that high impulsivity predicts cocaine use. This contradicts research on impulsive choice and delay-discounting tasks.
Researchers discovered that hot and burning droplets can bounce off cool surfaces due to the formation of an invisible air cushion. This phenomenon has potential applications in slowing fire spread and improving engine efficiency.
BaCell 3D conference to feature original research in organoids and regenerative medicine, published in Stem Cell Reports. The International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) partners with Stem Cell Reports to promote discoveries with potential to transform regenerative medicine.
Researchers developed a synthetic microbiome therapy using limited strains of gut bacteria to effectively protect against C. difficile infections in mice. The treatment was as effective as traditional fecal transplants and had fewer safety concerns, offering a new alternative for treating this notoriously difficult-to-treat infection.
Nearly 17 million children in the US are estimated to live with a parent who has a substance use disorder. Children may face high risks of substance use issues and mental health challenges due to parental addiction.
New CU Boulder research reveals sea otters play a vital role in kelp forest recovery, with their influence varying by region. The study found that sea otters in Southern California had a slower impact on kelp forests due to complex web interactions with other species.
A recent study found that electric vehicles can lead to increased commuting distances and times, while households with EVs tend to live farther from city centers due to lower operational costs. The study also highlights the role of factors like vehicle age, purchase price, and charging infrastructure in shaping urban development.
Researchers at SwRI and U-M have created a new methane flare burner using additive manufacturing and machine learning that eliminates 98% of methane vented during oil production. The burner's design, with a complex nozzle base and impeller, allows for efficient combustion even in challenging crosswind conditions.
The US weather enterprise faces significant risks due to federal science funding cuts, which could lead to reduced weather forecasting accuracy and increased vulnerability to hazardous weather. The value of weather information to the US economy exceeds $100 billion annually.
Researchers have made significant progress in nonlinear meta-devices, which can enhance nonlinear optical responses at the nanoscale. These devices can boost efficiency without phase-matching, leading to applications such as second-harmonic generation and harmonic imaging.
Researchers from UC San Diego will present cutting-edge solutions to address global challenges such as climate change and human longevity. The event features a film premiere and thought-provoking presentations on topics like capturing carbon and democratizing health data.
The UK's labour market is shifting towards valuing practical skills and industry-specific know-how over traditional university education for AI professionals. According to the new Oxford study, skills proficiency commands a significant wage premium compared to higher education degrees.
A new design paradigm for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) offers a fresh approach to address challenges in RIS design. The paradigm combines a novel topological representation method and separate design architecture, reducing pattern solution space and dataset acquisition costs.
The FOME alliance has developed a device-agnostic VR module that enables immersive learning experiences for students and executives worldwide. The module, built in partnership with Cornerstone, provides a 20-minute pilot scenario for crisis management exercises, honing soft skills through digital interactions.
A recent study from the University of Gothenburg found that dental implants continue to function well after nearly forty years. The implants, developed by Professor Per-Ingvar Brånemark, have been shown to remain stable and integrate with bone over an extended period.
Researchers found that prescribed fire and forest thinning can greatly improve the stand's resistance to catastrophic fire, reducing fuel loads and mortality. The study also suggests that conserving old-growth forests requires active management to replicate essential ecological roles of fire.
The ESC Acute CardioVascular Care congress will cover acute and critical care management of patients with cardiovascular disease. The meeting features around 300 abstracts and 95 sessions across two days, focusing on cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock.
Researchers at ETH Zurich developed a groundbreaking method to recycle Plexiglas by breaking down polymer chains into individual monomer building blocks. The process relies on a chlorinated solvent and UV light, with yields of up to 98% even in multicoloured samples.
New research from McMaster University challenges the popular notion that women can build more muscle by syncing their workouts with their menstrual cycles. The study found no difference in muscle protein synthesis regardless of cycle timing, contradicting long-held advice and internet trends.
Researchers have discovered that quantum materials can be used to sense the biological electrical activity of living cells with high speed and resolution. The technology uses light to track changes in the material's photoluminescence, mapping the electrical activity of heart muscle cells in real time.
Studies show that AI chatbots, when exposed to traumatic content, exhibit increased anxiety levels. However, researchers at the University of Zurich have found that therapeutic prompts can significantly reduce these elevated anxiety levels in language models like ChatGPT.
A new book analyzes the Western colonial origins of the mining industry and its post-colonial legacies in the Central African Copperbelt. The research reveals the significant role of Chinese investors in modernizing mines, claiming to support a sustainable future.
A new federal mandate aims to improve patient awareness about breast density, which affects cancer detection and risk. Women with dense breasts may need supplemental screening, such as MRI, to detect breast cancer earlier, but this comes with potential downsides.
Researchers at Virginia Tech's Fralin Biomedical Research Institute found that practicing episodic future thinking reduced impulsivity and enhanced brain connectivity in key regions. The study suggests that this approach may be a valuable early intervention therapy for substance use disorders.
Researchers at uOttawa created a transgenic mouse model that can induce limb spasticity in a controlled manner using optogenetics. This innovation enables effective study of the underlying causes of spasticity and paves the way for accelerated development of new treatments.
The Vision for American Science and Technology (VAST) aims to reduce barriers hindering progress, build a stronger workforce, and advance global competitiveness while addressing societal challenges. The VAST Task Force's recommendations will unlock the US science and technology sector's full potential and secure economic prosperity.
A recent study published in Engineering has shed light on a significant cybersecurity risk facing smart grids due to increasing complexity and integration of distributed power supplies. False data injection attacks (FDIAs) targeting data-driven algorithms can compromise system operations, reducing prediction accuracy by up to 41.75%.
Cervical cancer incidence increased in rural US counties, with higher rates among white women, likely due to lower screening coverage and diagnostic care utilization. Rural areas may experience heightened access barriers, contributing to lower HPV vaccine uptake.
A community-wide preventive intervention significantly reduced reported cases of both substantiated and unsubstantiated child sexual abuse at the population level. The study's findings suggest that targeted interventions can effectively mitigate child sexual abuse rates.
Vent-Axia wins two environmental industry awards for its groundbreaking manufacturing transformation and innovative partnership with electrical retailer AO. The company's new materials testing database, created by University of Bath student Roben Els, has enabled product certification and third-party accreditation.
A new study provides the first nationwide picture of who knows about, carries, and uses naloxone to reverse deadly opioid overdoses. The survey found that people's perception of overdose risk correlates with their decision to carry naloxone, and those with high-risk profiles are more likely to carry the drug.
The collaboration combines Insilico's Pharma.AI platform with Tenacia's expertise in CNS biology and clinical development. By leveraging generative AI, the partnership seeks to expand therapeutic options and enhance outcomes for patients worldwide. Recent successes by Insilico include the nomination of ISM8969, a BBB penetrable NLRP3 i...
A new study improves typhoon track and intensity forecasts using advanced parameterization schemes for friction velocity and cloud microphysics. The results show enhanced predictions with improved timing and magnitude of extreme tropical cyclone intensity values.
Researchers found that brain connectivity related to cognitive control predicted substance use initiation, while cognitive control behavior did not. Stronger connectivity between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was associated with delayed substance use onset.
Researchers from the University of Toronto have shown that a low-carb diet can worsen the DNA-damaging effects of certain gut microbes, increasing the risk of colorectal cancer. A unique strain of E. coli bacteria was found to drive polyp growth in the colon when paired with a low-carb diet.
A research team discovered that a genetically engineered bacterial strain, Designer Bacteria 1 (DB1), efficiently survives in tumor tissues while being cleared from normal tissues. This is due to the interactions between DB1 and tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells, which are reinvigorated and expanded following therapy. The high expres...
A study from the University of Missouri found that rural first-time moms are more likely to stop breastfeeding due to a lack of practical knowledge, community support, and access to lactation consultants. The research aims to improve support and resources for new mothers in rural areas.
A new method for detecting antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater has been developed by researchers, which uses CRISPR-Cas9 technology to enrich ARG fragments and increase detection sensitivity. This enhanced method was found to detect 1189 more ARGs and 61 more ARG families compared to standard metagenomics methods.
Researchers discover engineered TIMP molecules can block cancer cell migration and invasion, offering a targeted approach to treating GBM. The findings also suggest the potential for safe treatment with minimal side effects.
A breakthrough CRISPR-based test has been developed to diagnose Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), a life-threatening fungal infection. The test detects RNA from live fungi in blood samples and throat swabs, providing a faster and more accurate diagnosis than current invasive bronchoscopy procedures.
Defects in two-dimensional materials can dramatically alter rippling effects, even stopping the sheet in place. Researchers used machine learning-based computer models to observe the rippling behavior of different materials with and without defects.
A new biosensor can detect airborne H5N1 avian influenza virus in under 5 minutes, providing real-time monitoring for dairy and poultry farms. The sensor uses electrochemical capacitive biosensors to improve detection speed and sensitivity.
A new study reveals a one-hour glucose tolerance test outperforms the traditional two-hour test in predicting future risk of diabetes, potentially transforming clinical practice. The test captures peak blood sugar levels, identifying an elevated risk of developing diabetes.
Mayo Clinic is investing $1.9 billion in its Arizona campus, expanding clinical space by nearly 60% to care for more patients with complex medical conditions. The new facility will feature innovative care concepts, integrated technologies, and a better workplace for staff.
The March issues of The American Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Services bring together new developments in treating depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and schizophrenia. These journal publications highlight the latest advancements in digital mental health innovations.
A Yale-led research team has discovered how a naturally occurring biological mechanism prevents sperm cells from interacting with an egg, preventing fertilization. The study found that OBF13, a sperm antibody, can recognize IZUMO1 on the surface of sperm cells and disrupt fertilization.
Researchers at UCalgary suggest a holistic approach to conservation by analyzing individual movement patterns of caribou. The study identifies six distinct behavioural groups that deserve separate conservation actions, providing a framework for habitat protection and restoration strategies.
A study by McGill researchers found that pre-exposure to mild environmental stressors enhances the survival and diversity of natural communities. Biological communities that had previously been exposed to mild stressors were better able to survive and keep their species diversity when faced with severe stressors.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that a proposed US Drug Enforcement Administration rule could prohibit more than 4,500 tele-buprenorphine initiations for patients with opioid use disorder. The rule requires an in-person visit with the tele-initiating clinician prior to or within 30 days after tele-initiation.
A new study from Denmark reveals that a mother's diet during pregnancy, characterized by a Western dietary pattern high in fat and sugar, may increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as ADHD and autism. Researchers found that even small dietary adjustments away from this pattern could potentially reduce this risk.
Researchers from Osaka University have identified a protein complex crucial for male fertility, revealing the TEX38/ZDHHC19 interaction regulates sperm development and structure. The study found that disrupting this complex can cause sperm deformity and infertility, providing insight into the causes of male infertility.
New research from Columbia University and NewYork-Presbyterian reveals that brain waves indicative of normal sleep patterns can predict recovery in comatose patients with recent brain injuries. Patients with well-defined sleep spindles are more likely to recover consciousness and functional independence, with 76% showing evidence of co...
A Northwestern University study discovered a region of the brain processes subtle changes in voice pitch, transforming them into meaningful linguistic information that guides human understanding. The findings challenge long-held assumptions about speech perception and have implications for speech rehabilitation, AI-powered voice assist...
Researchers at Kobe University discovered that gut microbes convert glucose into short-chain fatty acids when fed sugar, highlighting a new symbiotic relationship. This finding could lead to the development of novel therapeutics for regulating gut microbiota and their metabolites.
Two landmark studies show that the 3D genome structure coordinates thousands of genes to form a sperm cell. The work identifies two proteins that establish cellular memory and set up a new structure that cements the cell's future fate as a sperm cell.
A large psychotherapy trial has demonstrated that trained nurses, midwives, and doulas can deliver effective talk therapy, significantly improving symptoms of depression and anxiety in pregnant and postpartum individuals. The study also found that online therapy is equally beneficial to in-person sessions.
Researchers have developed an AI method to illuminate nanoparticle behavior, revealing key dynamics and instabilities. The technique combines electron microscopy with AI to capture atomic-level structural changes at unprecedented time resolution.
Researchers identified co-occurring genetic alterations in colorectal and pancreatic cancers that contribute to resistance to KRAS G12C inhibitors. These mutations can lead to poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance.