Researchers found that childhood kidney cancers have significantly more genetic changes than previously thought, with some tumors having up to millions of changes. This discovery challenges the existing notion that childhood cancers have few genetic variants and suggests new treatment options such as immunotherapy.
Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science have discovered a coordinated network of four cell types crucial for preventing immune reactions to food. This network is initiated by ROR-gamma-t cells, which temporarily suspend tolerance mechanisms to combat infection, and then resume when the threat has passed.
A new organoid model reconstructs the liver periportal region and models aspects of cholestatic liver injury and biliary fibrosis. The model combines different cells assembled together in a stepwise process, enabling the study of molecular and cellular mechanisms of liver disease.
Oregon State University scientists have improved AI's ability to identify wildlife species in photos taken by motion-activated cameras. By limiting the training data to one species and including images from diverse environments, they achieved almost 90% identification accuracy with a small fraction of the required training data.
Dr. Natalie Artzi joins the Wyss Institute as Associate Institute Director, working closely with Don Ingber to shape strategic direction and advance research and translation efforts. She leads a world-class research program focused on developing tissue- and cell-responsive nanostructures for disease tracking and treatment.
Researchers found that harbour seals can determine their heading from optic flow fields, even in cloudy or opaque water. The team created a gaming challenge for the seals, using particle simulations to show them which direction they were moving in, and found that they consistently chose the correct direction.
Researchers investigated an organic additive molecule MBIS on a Co surface to improve cobalt electroplating efficiency. The study found that MBIS coverage affects the reduction current and faradaic efficiency, leading to better signal transmission in narrow lines.
Researchers at Virginia Tech's Fralin Biomedical Research Institute developed a peptide therapy called JM2 that targets cancer cells' ability to renew and regrow. The treatment significantly slows tumor growth in animal models and disrupts the maintenance of treatment-resistant cancer cells.
A new four-drug combination, DKRd, has emerged as a highly effective and safe treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. The ADVANCE clinical trial shows that 59% of patients treated with DKRd were MRD-negative after eight cycles of treatment, compared to 36% of KRd-treated patients.
A new study reveals that the Bolsa Família Programme has prevented more than 8.2 million hospitalisations and 713,083 deaths in Brazil between 2004 and 2019. The programme provides cash transfers to low-income families with conditions such as school attendance and vaccinations.
Experts Cary Coglianese and Colton Crum argue that management-based regulation, or using
A new study at Ohio State University found that young consumers who shop online and experience fear of missing out (FOMO) tend to feel lower levels of social, psychological, and financial well-being. However, having a stronger attachment to a social media influencer is linked to improved feelings of well-being in those areas. The study...
A systematic review found that vaccinating children as early as four months of age for measles could provide sustained protection throughout infancy. However, several barriers exist, including cost-effectiveness and vaccine hesitancy, which need to be addressed to consider an earlier first dose.
A novel labeling logic-based sensor system detects algal blooms in real-time water quality monitoring, achieving 100% prediction accuracy and surpassing state-of-the-art AI models. The system uses inexpensive optical sensors and efficiently interpretable modeling techniques for low-power devices.
A new commentary highlights the social and emotional responses to environmental change as glaciers accelerate their loss. The authors argue that addressing climate change requires cultural understanding, public memory and collective action.
A new study identifies CSMD1 as a novel gene associated with generalized epilepsies, including developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. The research found that CSMD1 variants are more damaging and exhibit lower minor allele frequencies in DEE cases compared to IGE cases.
Researchers argue that necrosis, a form of uncontrolled cell death, presents an opportunity for intervention in age-related conditions. Interrupting necrosis could lead to new treatments for kidney disease, cardiac disease, neurodegeneration, and aging.
Research by the American Psychological Association found that high levels of income inequality weaken support for higher minimum wages, as people infer that the rich should earn more than the poor. The study suggests that emphasizing the potential benefits of lower inequality could be a more effective approach to raising minimum wages.
A new study compares traditional diagnostic decision support systems (DDSSs) to generative AI and finds that DDSSs perform somewhat better. The researchers envision pairing these two approaches to improve diagnostic capabilities and patient outcomes.
Researchers created the most comprehensive genetic atlas of cannabis, revealing unprecedented diversity and untapped opportunity in this foundational agricultural species. The study sets the stage for transformative advances in cannabis-based agriculture, medicine, and industry.
Researchers have identified FAM111B as a promising candidate for glioma treatment. The study found that FAM111B overexpression enhances glioma malignancy through the PI3K/AKT pathway, providing a novel avenue for therapeutic intervention.
A collection of fossils discovered in northern Alaska reveals that birds were nesting in harsh Arctic environments as early as 72.8 million years ago. This finding provides new insights into how modern birds adapted to polar ecosystems and offers clues about their evolutionary history.
Researchers from Anglia Ruskin University and Imperial College London used advanced paleoproteomic techniques to analyze dinosaur fossils, discovering red blood cell-like structures in a fossil. This finding raises the possibility that soft tissue and cellular components are more commonly preserved in ancient remains than previously th...
Researchers found cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) infecting plants in southern US states as early as 2006, contradicting the assumption that it emerged more recently. The study used modern data-mining tools to uncover hidden threats and highlights the importance of maintaining accessible databases for disease surveillance.
A new dual-task learning framework was developed for lateral walking gait recognition and continuous hip joint angle estimation, achieving superior performance compared to existing methods. The framework combined CNN, LSTM, and SEAM for gait phase recognition and a regression network for hip angle estimation.
Researchers identified four areas of support needed for adolescent and young adult cancer patients: school accommodations, extracurricular activities, academic trajectory, and social connections. Supporting scholastic performance can help mitigate negative impacts on mental health and financial security.
A groundbreaking study reveals that leprosy was present in the Americas for over 1,000 years before European arrival. The research, led by Colorado State University and the Institut Pasteur, found ancient DNA evidence of the disease in human remains from Canada, Argentina, and Mexico.
Acupuncture was found to be an effective treatment for nocturia in survivors of prostate cancer, reducing symptoms comparable to other medications while causing fewer side effects. The study suggests acupuncture may offer a new hope for managing this common issue affecting half of prostate cancer survivors.
Researchers developed a whole system uncertainty model and an Intelligent optimized power control system for space nuclear reactors, achieving faster response, higher control accuracy, and stronger adaptability. The study clarifies the uncertainty coupling mechanism of neutronics parameters, thermal hydraulic parameters, and control sy...
Scientists develop sustainable alternative to cement, using recycled glass and construction waste to create durable and green construction material. The breakthrough innovation offers practical applications in urban infrastructure development and disaster-prone regions.
The report reveals that 51% of sandwich generation moms have left a job due to caregiving responsibilities, highlighting the need for employer support. Flexible work arrangements, caregiver leave, and educational resources are essential to improving retention among this group.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have made new discoveries about BCG therapy, which has been shown to reprogram and amplify immune cells in the bone marrow, boosting the body's ability to fight cancer. The findings could lead to improved immunotherapies for various types of cancer.
The MISTRAL receiver, installed on the Sardinia Radio Telescope (SRT), enables wide-field imaging of weak and extended sources. It achieves this by containing 415 Kinetic Inductance Detectors cooled to absolute zero, producing highly detailed images of celestial objects in diverse astrophysical contexts.
A new study found that childhood cancer survivors' genetics and therapy type play a significant role in determining their risk of developing a second cancer. Radiation exposure was the most significant contributor to secondary cancer risk, accounting for about 40% or more of the risk.
A growing number of adolescents are experiencing anxiety disorders, which may be linked to early life stress and environmental factors. The authors suggest that these factors can shape a child's developing brain and lead to anxiety disorders if the anticipated threats never materialize.
The article discusses recent advancements in pipeline safety technologies, including defect detection, environmental risks monitoring, and structural integrity assessment. The integration of high-grade steel, large-diameter pipelines, and unconventional energy sources has introduced new complexities to pipeline safety.
A recent study reveals powerful low-level jets (LLJs) occur frequently in West Antarctica's Amundsen Sea Embayment, driven by storms and strengthened by cyclones. These winds significantly impact Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers' melting rates, influencing sea-level rise.
Bcl6 inhibits Treg cell lineage stability, allowing for increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and enhanced anti-tumor response. Bcl6 inhibitor FX1 also synergizes with PD-1/PD-L1 ICB therapy.
A recent study found that caffeine increases brain signal complexity and enhances criticality during sleep, with effects more pronounced in young adults. This can lead to a state where the brain is neither fully awake nor relaxed, potentially interfering with restful recovery.
A team of researchers from Syracuse University and MIT has uncovered evidence that oxygenation in the ocean—crucial for life as we know it—may have occurred earlier than previously thought. This finding provides new insights into the pace of biological evolution in response to rising oxygen levels.
A deep learning-powered approach improves image quality without requiring clean reference images, suitable for high-speed biological dynamics. The TeD network selectively utilizes relevant spatiotemporal features to enable robust denoising even with fast-moving structures.
A new study finds that limiting global warming to 1.5°C could save twice as much glacier ice as current policies, which project an average of +2.7°C. This would mitigate 10cm of sea-level rise and preserve up to 39% of global glacier mass.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center have discovered that Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy reprograms and amplifies cells in the bone marrow, enhancing the innate immune system's ability to combat cancer. This breakthrough could lead to improved immunotherapies for various cancers.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London and the University of Dundee have discovered how microtubules decide whether to grow or shorten, a fundamental mechanism governing cellular processes. This breakthrough sheds new light on cell division and opens potential avenues for cancer treatment.
A nearly complete fossil of Westlothiana lizziae, a four-legged creature, has been dated to 346 million years ago, shedding new light on the evolution of amphibians, birds, reptiles, and mammals. This age places the specimens in Romer's Gap, a pivotal time period where water-dwelling fish transitioned to land animals.
A new study shows that wildlife underpass tunnels can dramatically reduce amphibian deaths, with an 80.2% reduction in road mortality observed. The design details of the underpasses matter, and this research provides long-term evidence of their effectiveness in preserving ecosystems.
A study published in Redox Biology sheds light on the role of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) enzymes in maintaining redox homeostasis in cancer cells. Researchers found that PRPS1 and PRPS2 work together to drive lymphoma growth, providing a potential target for novel therapies.
Researchers developed novel ENPP1 inhibitors to modulate the STING pathway and enhance tumor immunity, overcoming challenges faced by direct STING agonists. The top candidate compound ISM5939 demonstrates high selectivity and potency for ENPP1 inhibition, potentiating effects of existing cancer treatments.
Researchers resolved a longstanding question in cellular biology by determining the high-resolution cryo-EM structure of the human MON1A-CCZ1-RAB7A complex. This study provides insights into the activation mechanism of RAB7A, facilitating autophagosome-lysosome fusion and cargo degradation.
A new mixed-valence copper-based metal-organic framework, TJE-ttfp, achieves a Faradaic efficiency of 99.2% for converting CO2 into formic acid and methanol. The catalyst's adaptive electronic structure and stable structure during continuous operation enable high selectivity and energy efficiency.
Researchers used satellite data from GOSAT-2 to estimate methane and carbon monoxide emissions in the world's 40 most populous cities. The analysis revealed significant variations between cities, with Beijing emitting approximately 4.3 times more CO per unit of CO2 compared to Tokyo.
A new world record has been set for petabit-class transmission over a distance of 1,808 km using a 19-core optical fiber with low loss across multiple wavelength bands. The demonstration marks a major step forward in developing scalable, high-capacity networks and addressing the world's growing demand for data.
A new study reveals that those affected by PCOS want a name change to overcome the misleading implication of being only an ovarian or gynaecological condition. The research, led by Monash University, involved international online surveys and face-to-face workshops, demonstrating that a name change can improve awareness, diagnosis, and ...
A global study compares traditional classification methods to deep learning and pre-trained models like Segment Anything Model (SAM) for extracting urban footprints from high-resolution satellite images. The research reveals that deep learning models offer greater accuracy but at higher computational costs, while SAM provides a practic...
Researchers at UCC have developed a technique to determine whether a material can be used in quantum computing microchips. Using a scanning tunneling microscope, they found that Uranium ditelluride (UTe2) is an intrinsic topological superconductor.
Researchers at CNIC uncover how the heart forms during earliest embryonic development, shedding light on congenital heart defects and regenerative medicine. The heart originates from two separate cell populations that coordinate their formation simultaneously.
Researchers found that a single gene in Yersinia pestis, causing bubonic plague, allowed it to adapt and survive by reducing virulence and increasing infection time. The gene's copy number decreased in later outbreaks, leading to lower mortality rates and longer infection times.
Scientists have discovered fossils of multiple bird species in the Arctic, including diving birds and gull-like birds, that were breeding during the time of the dinosaurs. The findings push back the known record of birds nesting in polar regions by 25-30 million years.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a new lipid nanoparticle that replaces PEG with poly(carboxybetaine) to improve mRNA vaccine delivery. This stealthy material helps vaccines evade the immune system while inducing targeted immune responses, making it more effective for cancer vaccines.
A new non-hand-worn, load-free VR rehabilitation system has been developed using deep learning and ionic hydrogel technology, offering a more comfortable and accessible therapy solution for patients recovering from conditions like stroke and osteoarthritis. The system achieved an impressive 97.9% accuracy in recognizing hand gestures.