A mathematical framework based on knot theory characterizes knittability and classifies periodic textile structures based on how defects spread through them. The framework determines whether a textile structure is knittable and classifies different types of periodic textiles by analyzing propagation patterns.
Researchers have demonstrated a technique to fabricate large-area oxide twistronic materials with controlled twist angles and strong chemical bonding between layers. This allows for the creation of high-crystallinity oxide moiré superlattices, which could enable new functionalities in devices.
Researchers Cong Trinh and Seunghyun Ryu receive US Department of War funding to analyze fungal genes and develop new synthetic biology tools for mitigating fungal contamination in critical systems. The grant focuses on Candida species, which can degrade materials used in electronics, vehicles, and fuel systems.
A study analyzing 2.9 million sustainability indicators from 10 years of annual reports found that companies are increasingly disclosing climate data, but coverage of value chains and social factors remains patchy. Sustainability performance and transparency are converging, with a significant increase in disclosed indicators.
This economic evaluation characterizes U.S. lobbying spending in the mental health field from 2014 to 2024, revealing significant growth. The study highlights increasing lobbying efforts in psychiatry and psychology, suggesting a shift towards more prominent advocacy for mental health issues.
Researchers have discovered that naked mole-rat queens release a volatile compound called isopropyl myristate, which induces temporary infertility in other females and prevents rivalry within colonies. This scent also increases levels of prolactin, reducing fertility, while keeping progesterone levels low.
A sub-nanoscale polyoxometalate cluster-functionalized Fe3O4 nanozyme is designed for biomedical applications. The nanozyme exhibits pH-dependent bifunctional catalytic behavior, generating ROS in acidic environments and scavenging excess ROS as the wound environment shifts to physiological pH.
A shift to healthier diets could lead to a significant reduction in global agricultural land use and livestock production value, with potential benefits for human health and the environment. The study suggests that transforming food systems could result in a 42% decline in global livestock production value compared to 2020.
Research by Harvard Medical School found that traffic fatalities increased by 14.3% the day after mass shootings, resulting in nearly 20 additional deaths nationwide. The study analyzed internet search patterns and data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System to identify a consistent pattern across the country.
Researchers at Columbia's Zuckerman Institute found that specialist neurons exist but are the exception, not the rule. Most neurons can display a huge diversity of responses and help the brain solve complex tasks.
Researchers developed a new allergen-specific IgE test to detect functional antibodies capable of triggering immune responses in food allergies. The improved AlphaCL method overcomes limitations of conventional tests, maintaining strong signal responses even with serum components present.
Research highlights the significant impact of modifiable risk factors on ischemic heart disease mortality in the US. High body mass index (BMI) and fasting plasma glucose levels have increased attributable risk over the study period, emphasizing the importance of addressing these factors to reduce mortality.
A new machine learning version of the Martin-Hopkins equation accurately assesses LDL cholesterol risk with minimal difference to the original, making it accessible to all laboratories. The simplified code enables clinicians and patients to make better decisions about starting treatments that prevent heart attacks and strokes.
A new study has mapped Europe's wetlands, identifying peatlands as the most critical type to restore for climate benefits. The map provides a basis for assessing where wetland restoration could deliver benefits for climate and biodiversity.
Researchers analyzed 17 clinical trials and found little evidence that smokers increase smoking behavior when switching to low-nicotine cigarettes. In fact, most participants smoked significantly fewer cigarettes after making the switch.
A research team developed an electron-injection-softened strategy to regulate the electronic structure of sulfur hosts, achieving a nearly barrier-free cascaded sulfur reduction reaction. This enables the formation of Li2S2/Li2S with high areal capacity and excellent stability.
A new study suggests that ketogenic diets can increase the risk of cancer in the small intestine, unlike their protective effect on colon cancer. The diet's effects are driven by fat metabolism rather than ketone bodies.
Researchers suggest that extreme space weather may have far worse effects on Earth's technology than previously thought. The study, published in Nature, found a direct relationship between solar wind strength and electric currents in the upper atmosphere, indicating no upper limit to Earth's response.
Researchers have found that stimulating a nerve in the external ear may help to ease inflammation in the lungs of mice. The study suggests a novel device could be developed to target inflammatory pathways and treat diseases like asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
A new study suggests that adopting a flexitarian Planetary Health Diet could prevent around 15 million premature adult deaths per year. The transformation scenario projects a 9% reduction in global agricultural land use and a 60% decrease in livestock production value by 2050.
Research identifies SPP1+ macrophages as key drivers of intervertebral disc degeneration, leading to matrix destruction and disc deterioration. Targeting the SPP1 signaling pathway may offer an effective strategy for mitigating or reversing spinal degeneration.
Researchers have developed a new approach to designing drugs that can target multiple types of cancer cells, significantly improving treatment outcomes in mice. By self-assembling into two antibodies that bind together and attack multiple receptors, the modified antibody-drug conjugates outperformed standard treatments.
MXene terminal groups significantly influence its properties, such as electrical, optical, magnetic, and mechanical behavior. By custom-tailoring these terminal groups, researchers can create MXenes suitable for targeted applications, including thermoelectric materials and superconductors.
A recent study reveals a significant increase in desert dust pollution in southern Europe, with concentrations more than twice as high as in central and northern regions. The study also highlights the potential health risks of elevated desert dust levels, particularly for respiratory problems.
Researchers discovered that niobium diselenide and TaS₂ exhibit two strongly interacting superconducting states, resolving a long-standing mystery about their behavior. This finding provides new insight into superconductivity and could aid in designing better superconducting materials for future technologies.
A recent study published by the University of Sydney found that dexamphetamine and methylphenidate are equally effective in treating ADHD in children, with no significant differences in symptom improvement. However, children taking dexamphetamine experienced greater weight loss compared to those taking methylphenidate.
A Southwest Research Institute-led study proposes a connection between an asteroid collision and an inner-solar-system-wide bombardment episode 800 million years ago. The research suggests that the catastrophic breakup of the Eulalia parent body may have led to widespread impacts on Earth, coinciding with biological and geological chan...
Researchers found a high frequency of MIR142 gene mutations (37.1%) in primary CNS DLBCL, exceeding systemic DLBCL data. The study suggests that these mutations may disrupt miRNA function and require further investigation for potential clinical applications.
AC004854.2 is significantly upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and correlates with poor clinical outcomes, increased tumor aggressiveness, and reduced overall survival. It disrupts the PUF60–FUBP1 complex and activates c-MYC transcription, driving CRC malignancy.
One in 11 Australian kids has high blood pressure, often symptom-free, which can damage young bodies for years before it's picked up. Lifestyle changes such as improving diet, increasing physical activity, and reducing salt intake can reverse or delay the need for medical intervention.
A comprehensive review in Biomedical Analysis assesses the current state and future of direct mass spectrometry for quality control, safety, and authentication of herbal medicines. The technology offers a dynamic way to ensure the safety and proper processing of potent herbal medicines by monitoring toxic compounds in real-time.
The meeting will explore breakthroughs in diabetes prevention and treatment, as well as innovative approaches to monitoring astronauts' health in space. Researchers will also discuss potential targets for slowing or preventing Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome, and advancements in cervical cancer screening.
A buildup of bile acids caused by an unhealthy gut can drive breast cancer to other parts of the body, researchers reveal. The study found that replenishing beneficial bacteria or treating patients with FDA-approved bile acid sequestrants may reduce breast cancer metastasis.
A federal nicotine reduction strategy could drive U.S. smoking rates below 1% in 14 years, preventing millions of premature deaths and boosting productivity by $298 billion. Implementing such a policy would also significantly close smoking disparity gaps for individuals with major depression.
Researchers developed a nanoparticle system that uses cancer cells' own copper resources to activate cuproptosis, eliminating tumor cells while protecting healthy tissue. The targeted nanoparticles showed enhanced cellular uptake and were more lethal to breast cancer cells than non-targeted versions.
Researchers tested 54 avocado oil-labeled products and found 48 contained other oils. The study used fatty acids and sterols to verify authenticity, but 89% of products still failed due to adulteration. Food companies may not detect adulterated oil without rigorous testing.
Astronomers have discovered a third planet, Beta Pictoris d, in the system, which is 100 times fainter than Beta Pictoris b and 2.4 times more massive than Jupiter. The planet's wide orbit and extreme faintness make its detection a significant achievement.
The symposium marked the hospital's designation as a research-oriented hospital, featuring discussions on collaborative research ecosystems at various levels. Participants engaged in sessions covering future directions, strengthening regional and industry collaborations, and real-world cases of research commercialization.
A scoping review suggests astrocytic dysfunction may precede neuronal degeneration in CTE. Astrocytes' dysregulation contributes to the development of CTE's characteristic features through mechanisms including astrogliosis, disrupted waste clearance pathways, and chronic neuroinflammation.
A new study by Hanyang University researchers found that carbon-based pricing can increase pro-environmental behavioral intentions among tourists. Participants who knew wasteful consumption could increase their costs reported stronger conservation intentions.
The study reveals that local political connections and strong NGO support are crucial for securing formal recognition of customary land rights. Communities with influential leaders and advocacy organizations like AMAN tend to succeed, while those without face significant hurdles. The researchers propose simplifying bureaucratic procedu...
The Reticular Science Prize for Emerging Scholars and Innovators is awarded biennially to researchers with ten years or less of post-doctoral experience. The inaugural award will be presented at EuroMOF 2027, with a silver medal, $2,500 monetary award, and a certificate signed by the selection committee members.
Researchers from 12 countries have launched a global effort to document and study 'heritage' diets before they are lost. These diets, shaped by local environments and traditions, may hold vital clues to better health.
Research reveals a link between socio-economic factors and health outcomes for adults with congenital heart disease, highlighting the need for improved access to specialized cardiac care.
Research finds biodiversity delivers largest gains under extreme drought in drier grasslands, with stronger effects from species complementarity. In contrast, forests show no comparable context dependence under extreme drought.
Hydrogen displays varying behavior when in vanadium, but researchers have now discovered the role of crystal symmetry in controlling its quantum behavior. Highly symmetric structures allow hydrogen to tunnel between sites, while distorted structures suppress this effect.
A new collaborative study found loneliness strongly linked to poorer mental health and lower wellbeing, as well as worse general health. The research suggests that supporting people who feel lonely or socially isolated could help improve mental health and overall health.
Annual Reviews expands its event capabilities by acquiring Underline Science, enabling it to support scholarly societies and conference organizers globally. The acquisition combines conference expertise with AR's existing research community engagement, allowing organizations to strengthen stakeholder engagement and reach new audiences.
A new class of photoswitchable small molecule drugs has been developed to restore key visual functions in animal models of blindness. These compounds mimic the function of photoreceptor cells and show remarkable effectiveness at restoring sight using a simple and potentially patient-friendly approach.
Researchers found that brain-computer interface training improved the perception of smaller visuo-motor errors, whereas traditional behavioral training only enhanced detection for larger rotations. The training also showed contributions from brain regions controlling decision-making and visuospatial processing.
Research finds that medaka sperm velocity decreases by 20% after consecutive spawning, impacting fertilization rates. Sperm counts also vary between single and multiple-mating groups.
Researchers have developed a new version of the Daydreaming algorithm, which combines learning and cleaning to improve artificial memory systems' reliability even with biased data. The algorithm focuses on differences between pixels, allowing it to work effectively with strongly biased data, similar to real-world conditions.
A blood-based test for the biomarker p-tau217 has been shown to predict the risk of developing cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease up to a decade earlier than previously thought. The study found that individuals with very high levels of p-tau217 had a 38% absolute risk of developing cognitive impairment over five years, and...
A new large-scale study estimates that roughly one-third of women experience perimenopause uncertainty, which is prevalent due to knowledge gaps, symptom confusion, and healthcare barriers. The study found that younger women are more likely to cite knowledge gaps, while older women face greater challenges with accessing care.
A study found microplastics in 92% of deep-sea snails and mussels from hydrothermal vents over 2,000 meters below the surface. The presence and accumulation of microplastics vary depending on feeding behavior and regional differences in ocean circulation.
A blood test measuring phosphorylated tau 217 (P-tau217) can estimate an individual's risk of developing cognitive impairment over 2, 5, and 10 years. Higher P-tau217 levels are associated with increased risk of progression to cognitive impairment in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
Researchers found that elephants' bone-conduction hearing is significantly improved due to their larger middle ear structures and ability to voluntarily close their ear canals. This allows them to transmit lower frequency sounds to the cochlea, enhancing low-frequency hearing by up to 30 times
A study has identified a set of plasma proteins that can be used to diagnose and monitor patients with Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). The researchers created a molecular disease trajectory, which identifies key sets of genes involved in the disease progression.
A new review article proposes a gene-to-landscape framework to assess aquatic ecosystem health, predicting collapse and tipping points. The framework spans four interconnected scales, integrating molecular signals and landscape stability for early warning systems.
A recent breakthrough allows independently trained AI models to trade capabilities and boost overall performance when merged into a single system. By modifying just one core layer, the 'SyMerge' framework enables mutually beneficial synergy between models, solving the long-standing problem of task interference.