A new study found that varenicline, a medication used to quit smoking, can help men with cannabis use disorder reduce their cannabis use. However, the same treatment showed no significant effect on female participants. Women who received varenicline reported higher withdrawal and craving scores and lower medication adherence compared t...
A new study quantifies the time spent in moderate to intense heat-related discomfort by South American beef cattle, finding they experience 280-2,800 hours of heat stress per year. Providing shade can reduce this impact by up to 85% and generate economic benefits.
Researchers have decoded the logic of microRNA strand selection using AI, revealing a conserved and programmable mechanism governing gene regulation. The study found that this decision follows conserved rules rather than chance, with mammalian microRNAs showing a strong bias towards a single dominant strand.
A team of researchers at Northern Arizona University discovered that fabricated gold, copper and iron nanocrystals exhibit pentagonal constructs resembling natural snowflakes, governed by emergence dynamics. This phenomenon holds key findings for controlling nanomaterial synthesis and advancing the field.
A team of scientists uncovered fossil evidence of a tiny ecosystem that helped revive marine life after the end-Ordovician ice age and mass extinction event. The discovery provides insights into ancient biological processes and highlights the importance of seafloor ecosystems in regulating carbon and nutrient cycles.
A major U.S. clinical trial has uncovered a genetic factor that may inform how to optimize the dosing of abiraterone, a widely used hormone treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Researchers found that men who carry a specific version of the gene SULT2A1 clear abiraterone from their bodies more slowly, which could affect how well it w...
A new study reveals that crystal dislocations can serve as powerful building blocks for quantum interconnects, enabling the creation of stable and coherent qubits. The researchers showed that nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond can be attracted to dislocations and retain their quantum properties when positioned near these line defects.
A study led by Dr Varghese Peter found that infant-directed speech ( IDS ) helps babies distinguish between vowel sounds, supporting early language learning. The research suggests that 'baby talk' may be more than just cute – it plays a vital role in infants' language development.
Researchers used big-data approach to discover climate change and mantle processes had limited influence on Central Asian landscape. Instead, dynamics of distant Tethys Ocean directly correlate with short-lived mountain building in Central Asia.
Researchers at Griffith University have successfully conducted a Phase II clinical trial in China, showing promising results for a carbohydrate-based drug candidate called STC3141. The treatment aims to reduce organ damage and reverse biological responses associated with sepsis.
Electrospinning fabricates electroactive fibrous scaffolds that mimic the structure of the extracellular matrix while providing electrical activity, enabling non-invasive and self-powered tissue repair. This technology promotes diverse intelligent applications in tissue regeneration, including conductive, piezoelectric, and triboelectr...
A Curtin University-led study found that playing video games for more than 10 hours a week can lead to a decline in diet quality, obesity, and poor sleep quality. The study suggests that low and moderate gaming is generally fine, but excessive gaming may crowd out healthy habits.
A team at Texas Biomedical Research Institute found that even with effective treatments for TB and HIV, the immune system remains seriously out-of-whack following treatment. The study suggests that host-directed therapies specifically targeting the immune system could potentially restore lung immune system functionality.
A team at UC San Diego is developing functional, patient-specific livers using 3D bioprinting and stem cell technology. The goal is to create 'made-to-order' livers grown from a patient's own cells, offering a safe alternative to transplantation that eliminates the need for donor organs.
A new study provides a long-sought structural explanation for how Vibrio cholerae colonizes the human gut and produces the cholera toxin. The research reveals that ToxR and TcpP stabilize a specific part of the RNA polymerase directly onto DNA, achieving virulence gene activation without reshaping the transcription machinery.
A large study found that home fingertip oxygen monitors give higher readings for patients with darker skin tones, which can lead to missed diagnoses and delayed medical attention. The researchers suggest interpreting SpO2 readings in context and developing guidance to address these limitations.
Shadrack Byfield's autobiography offers insight into the suffering and resilience of Britain's homecoming soldiers. The new evidence shows Byfield's tenacious pursuit of veterans' benefits, struggles with pain, poverty, and police, and his determination to design a custom prosthesis after losing his arm.
A clinical trial from Finland found that wearing a cast for six weeks is comparable to surgery for healing unstable ankle fractures, with fewer treatment-related harms. The study's results support the use of conservative treatment approaches to stabilize the ankle mortise and promote fracture union.
Researchers have developed a new method for generating hydrogen using gas-atomized Ca–Mg eutectic alloys. When added to water, these powders produce hydrogen at room temperature with high efficiency and controllability, making them an attractive candidate for portable hydrogen supply devices and emergency power units.
Nolo drinks have potential to improve public health, especially for heavier drinkers and those in lower socioeconomic groups. However, experts warn of risks such as marketing tactics and encroachment on alcohol-free spaces, calling for a precautionary approach to balance benefits and harms.
The University of Birmingham has launched a new facility for separating and recycling rare earth magnets, reducing the UK's reliance on imports. The facility uses an innovative hydrogen-based process that can recover over 400kg of rare earth alloy per batch.
A recent study suggests that two in five Australians who experienced workplace sexual harassment did not report it. Researchers argue that fear of retaliation, lack of trust in the system and feelings of powerlessness are major barriers to reporting. Despite legal reforms, most people still feel uncomfortable coming forward.
New research from the University of East London reveals widespread online risk-taking among young people, with many engaging in illegal behavior before crossing a legal boundary. The study highlights clear pathways into cybercrime, often driven by risk, opportunity, and lack of understanding about online laws.
Researchers developed a novel photoredox catalytic radical-polar cross-reaction to achieve precise bifunctionalization of inert C–N bonds and para-C–H bonds in olefin-substituted aniline derivatives. The strategy utilizes sulfur dioxide to capture Meisenheimer intermediates, suppressing the classical free radical aryl migration pathway.
A study from the University of Oklahoma suggests that maternal indole supplementation can significantly reduce the risk of fatty liver disease in children. The research found that offspring whose mothers received indole maintained healthier livers and had lower blood sugar levels, even after exposure to a Western-style diet later in life.
Dr. Corday Selden has made fundamental contributions to our understanding of how marine microbial interactions structure the chemistry of the ocean. Her pioneering research has reshaped the understanding of nitrogen cycling, microbial metabolism, and biosphere–geosphere interactions.
Researchers at Columbia University develop a robot that can learn facial lip motions through observational learning, enabling it to articulate words in various languages and sing songs. The robot's ability to move its lips in sync is expected to improve with time and practice, paving the way for more holistic robot communication.
The DASH Diet, developed at Pennington Biomedical Research Center, has been ranked as the best heart-healthy diet and second-best overall by US News & World Report. The diet's focus on fiber, heart-healthy minerals, and whole grains helps lower blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Researchers deciphered the structure of Tau proteins' fuzzy coat using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, revealing its dynamic regions and rigid core. The findings provide insight into how Tau proteins form tangles in the brain, which contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
Researchers found that bacteria, such as Salmonella and E. coli, use a 'run-and-tumble' movement pattern to move through different environments, despite the complexity of their surroundings. This behavior is similar to walking through mud, where the underlying movement pattern remains the same, but with changes in speed and efficiency.
Researchers from University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center found that the optimal duration of hormone therapy for prostate cancer treatment varies by disease risk. For high-risk patients, longer courses of ADT provide diminishing benefits while increasing the risk of non-prostate cancer death.
Researchers at the University of Florida have discovered a small compound produced by gut bacteria that doubles the response to lung cancer immunotherapy treatment in mice. The findings could lead to a new combination therapy that boosts patient responsiveness by 50% without adding invasive treatments.
Researchers found that patients with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) positive after neoadjuvant therapy had a higher risk of disease recurrence, regardless of pathologic complete response. Patients who cleared ctDNA after treatment experienced improved recurrence-free survival.
Uriel Levy has been appointed as the inaugural editor-in-chief of SPIE's Advanced Quantum Catalyst journal, which will serve as a premier venue for real-world quantum applications. The journal aims to bridge the gap in quantum research publishing landscape by emphasizing implementation, integration, and cross-disciplinary applications.
Jerry Mack, Kennesaw State University coach, received the American Heart Association's Paul 'Bear' Bryant Newcomer Coach of the Year Award for his historic season. He led the Owls to a 10-4 record and Conference USA championship, marking only the fourth time a team has won 10 or more games in its second year of FBS reclassification.
Hu's work spans harmful algal blooms, oil spills, coastal water quality, and floating macroalgae with impacts at local, regional, national, and global scales. His discovery of the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt has profound ecological, economic, and public health implications.
Jing Yang, a University of Virginia professor, has been recognized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for her pioneering work on energy-harvesting wireless communications and Age of Information optimization. Her research aims to improve efficiency, timeliness, and sustainability in modern wireless networks.
Lisa Rom has been selected as a Fellow of The Oceanography Society for her profound impact on ocean science education, particularly through the Centers for Ocean Sciences Education Excellence (COSEE) network. Her efforts have strengthened connections between research and society, broadened participation in the ocean sciences, and suppo...
A study analyzing 218.1 million notes from 1.6 million patients found 372 emojis in 4,162 notes between 2020 and 2025, with smileys/emoticons being the most common type used.
A new seafloor study revealed that a thin, clay-rich layer hidden beneath the seafloor enabled the 2011 Japan earthquake to rupture all the way to the trench, producing massive displacement. This finding could help scientists better understand and respond to other intense earthquakes and tsunamis.
Dr. Seth Zippel has made significant contributions to the understanding of air-sea interaction, surface gravity waves, and boundary-layer turbulence through innovative field experiments and novel observational techniques. He is recognized for his impact on ocean mixing, weather and climate prediction, and offshore wind energy assessments.
Dr. Jeremy Horowitz has been selected for The Oceanography Society Early Career Award for his contributions to advancing black coral taxonomy, including new species and families. His work combines classical morphological taxonomy with phylogenomics and bioinformatics to describe new taxa and reconstruct evolutionary histories.
A new study from Fox Chase Cancer Center confirms that preoperative radiation therapy does not reduce surgical complexity in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma. The research suggests that most patients benefit from proceeding directly to surgery, as skipping radiation has no significant impact on tumor size or surgical outcomes.
Boston College researchers used piezoelectric nanoparticles to trigger macrophages, a key part of the body's immune response. The study suggests that this method could be used to activate immune cells specifically at an infection or tumor site, avoiding side effects associated with systemic administration of drugs.
A new study published in Neurology found that using hearing aids was associated with a lower risk of dementia but little impact on cognitive test scores among older adults with moderate hearing loss. The study suggests that hearing aid use may support brain health and reduce the risk of cognitive impairment.
A University of Michigan study found that older adults exposed to heavy rainfall after Hurricane Harvey faced a higher risk of death within the following year. The research identified populations at heightened risk and highlights disparities in vulnerability to disasters among different groups.
Columbia physicists develop new method to scale neutral-atom arrays using metasurfaces, enabling creation of 2D arrays with thousands of trapped atoms. The technology has the potential to benefit quantum computing and other neutral-atom quantum technologies.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting a protein called RBM20 can improve heart filling and flexibility in mice with heart failure. The study also found positive impacts on energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, antioxidant balance, and blood flow.
A workshop by the Cancer Medicines Forum identified gaps in knowledge about optimal cancer drug use, including dosage, duration, and treatment sequence. The forum recommends studies to generate evidence for cancer treatment decisions during drug development and after marketing authorization.
Researchers developed EnCompass, a framework that enables programmers to improve agents' performance by allowing easy recovery from errors and testing different search strategies without major code rewriting. This improves the organization of core logic in complex AI systems.
Dan Devers joins the Stowers Institute with over 20 years of experience in law and business. He will lead all legal matters across the Institute, ensuring governance, compliance, intellectual property strategy, and partnerships support the Institute's mission to diagnose, treat, and prevent disease.
A team from Harvard and University of Lisbon found that silica, a low-refractive index material, can be used for making metasurfaces despite long-held assumptions. They discovered that by carefully considering the geometry of each nanopillar, silica behaves as a metasurface, enabling efficient design of devices with relaxed feature sizes.
In experiments, horses demonstrated a strong response to sweat from scared humans, exhibiting increased fear and avoidance behaviors. The study found that horses can smell human emotional odors, influencing their behavior and physiology
Experiments show that polyester microfibers in soil negatively affect cherry tomato plant growth throughout their lifecycle. The presence of these contaminants may have significant effects on plant development and ecosystem health.
A recent study found that approximately 1 in 5 surveyed UK adults who experienced the death of a pet report it as more distressing than experiencing human deaths. The study also discovered significant rates of prolonged grief disorder symptoms following pet loss.
A new study suggests that avocado growing areas in India will moderately expand northward and to higher elevations under low to moderate global emissions. However, if global emissions continue to rise, suitable zones may fragment and destabilize by 2070. The researchers call for conservation and climate-resilient cultivation strategies.
The study emphasizes the importance of reorganizing work to support prevention rather than perpetual recovery, particularly in the face of climate change and technological disruption. It also highlights the need for gender equity in technology design and governance to prevent job displacement and undervaluation of women's work.
A study of ancient teeth from Pontecagnano reveals details about childhood growth and health, as well as adult diets that included cereals, legumes, and fermented foods. The analysis provides insights into the lifestyle and adaptations of the Iron Age Italian community.
Researchers from Kyushu University found that the brain forms new, high-density clusters of synapses on specific segments of dendrites during adolescence, challenging the 'adolescent synaptic pruning' hypothesis. This discovery may offer new hope for understanding the biological basis of schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental condi...
Researchers at OHSU have identified specific sites on the NMDA receptor that could potentially reverse the progression of the disease if blocked, offering new hope for treatment and early detection. The discovery was made using near-atomic imaging and raises the potential for a blood test to detect the condition.