A new study by Di Yuan of Auburn University and co-authors found that equal treatment policies may boost ad platform revenues while improving fairness outcomes. In contrast, an Equal Exposure with Equal Treatment policy can increase competition among advertisers, leading to increased total advertising revenue.
A Rice University-led team has unveiled the molecular structures on industrial catalysts that behave during vinyl acetate monomer production. The work points to catalyst designs that could reduce energy use, carbon emissions, and make global VAM production cleaner and more reliable.
A recent study reveals that the Circum-global Teleconnection Pattern (CGT) weakens under global warming, leading to changes in regional heatwave duration. The research found a significant increase in heatwave duration over Eastern Europe, Tibetan Plateau, and North America, while a decrease was observed over the Middle East.
Researchers found that Cornell prime dots can reprogram the tumor microenvironment, transforming melanoma and other aggressive solid tumors into responsive ones. The particles stimulate innate immune responses, halt cancer cell proliferation, reduce immune suppression, and repurpose key immune cells to attack cancer more effectively.
Researchers at GIMM discovered lab-grown heart cells are stuck in an immature stage, failing to replicate human heart characteristics. A new reference map provides a benchmark for assessing cell development, enabling more accurate disease models and effective treatments.
Researchers developed a locally active memristive oscillator using vanadium oxide that exhibits rich dynamic behaviors and exceptional frequency-domain information processing capabilities. The device operates at the edge of chaos, amplifying small fluctuations to generate self-oscillations and producing complex responses.
The CDC recommends shared clinical decision-making for some childhood vaccinations, allowing parents to choose or skip certain vaccines. However, a survey found that many Americans are unclear about what this means and who can be included as health care providers in the discussion.
A new study suggests that Europa's seafloor is geologically inactive, with no signs of tectonic motion or warm hydrothermal vents that could support life. The team calculated the gravitational forces from Jupiter and concluded that the tidal heating on Europa is not strong enough to drive significant geologic activity.
Researchers at Nagoya University and Tokyo Electron Miyagi Ltd. have developed a new semiconductor etching method that significantly reduces processing time and enhances energy efficiency. The process employs plasma etching with hydrogen fluoride at very low temperatures, eliminating the need for fluorocarbon gases.
Researchers found that postgraduate students selectively engage with GenAI tools when revising critical reading reports, focusing on key analytical dimensions. This strategic engagement is driven by academic goals, supervisor demands, and career aspirations.
Researchers found that male fish exposed to vitamin C and potassium perchlorate showed improved fertility and less damage to their testes compared to those exposed only to the chemical. The study suggests a potential safeguard for individuals regularly exposed to these chemicals, including military personnel.
A new nanodrug called Nano-273 could offer improved survival for patients with pancreatic and lung cancers by activating the immune system and blocking tumor growth. The drug, developed by University of Houston researcher Wei Gao, has shown promising results in early studies.
A population-based cohort study found that U.S.-born individuals had significantly higher odds of infant mortality, particularly among full-term births. Sudden unexpected infant death was a major contributor to these disparities, highlighting the need for investigation into underlying factors contributing to these disparities.
A new study from Aarhus University finds that about 30% of 'mediocre' books are rated as literary important or of high quality according to other criteria. The researchers argue that average Goodreads ratings do not automatically mean a book is unimportant, but rather hide strong and opposing reading experiences.
Researchers at the University of Illinois discovered that propofol, a common anesthetic agent, can improve cognitive function after surgery in older individuals. Additionally, intranasal insulin was found to mitigate age-related memory impairment by modulating neuroinflammatory mechanisms.
A team from Huazhong University of Science and Technology has developed a novel material that significantly improves piezoelectric responsiveness and mass-producesibility. The new polymer, created using a simple process, overcomes the challenges of achieving highly responsive materials for wearable health trackers and energy harvesters.
Researchers developed MolUNet++ to explicitly learn molecular representations at multiple scales, extracting substructures while preserving global context. The model achieved significant performance gains across various tasks, including drug target interaction prediction, by providing clearer structural explanations.
Researchers at NIH and Emory School of Medicine have successfully performed a minimally invasive coronary artery bypass without cutting the chest wall. The new technique, called ventriculo-coronary transcatheter outward navigation and re-entry (VECTOR), creates a new route for blood flow that is safe from potential blockages.
Researchers created an AI model to design peptides targeted by proteases, which are overactive in cancer cells. The peptides can be detected in urine, revealing specific types of cancer. This technology could lead to at-home tests for various cancers.
Researchers have engineered grasses to produce a purple pigment in response to specific chemical cues, allowing for non-destructive detection of chemical exposure. This breakthrough enables plants to act as sentinels in the field, reporting adverse conditions that may impact crop and human health.
A Bar-Ilan University study uncovers the origin of sleep in jellyfish and sea anemones, demonstrating that protecting neurons from DNA damage is a basic function of sleep. The research shows that both species accumulate DNA damage during wakefulness and reduce it during sleep, with increased damage triggering recovery sleep.
Researchers from McGill University found no long-term increase in local crime at supervised consumption sites. Crime reports remained stable or declined in neighborhoods where sites opened over a decade. The study challenges assumptions that harm reduction services have a negative impact on neighborhood safety.
A new study led by Concordia researchers found that federally funded Indigenous-led conservation programs can deliver highly effective climate and biodiversity outcomes. These programs, known as Indigenous-led Nature-based Solutions (NbS), can match or surpass conventional national and provincial parks in terms of carbon storage and bi...
Researchers developed a bio-inspired neuron platform that processes and learns information using light and electronics integrated on a single platform. The chip achieves 92% image recognition accuracy and demonstrates key synaptic behaviors found in biological learning.
A recent study found that back pain can predict sleep problems years later in men over 65, leading to a 12% to 25% increase in sleep issues. Men with back pain are more likely to experience poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness.
The study found that organic materials in sediments decompose under supercritical conditions, releasing hydrogen molecules. This process is a more significant source of dissolved hydrogen in the ocean than previously believed.
Researchers have developed a new 3D printing method to create vertically stacked perovskite nanostructures, which can be used to make high-efficiency nanolasers. The technology achieves single-crystalline alignment and minimizes light loss, enabling commercialization in optical computing and quantum security applications.
The University of Tennessee at Knoxville has received a $251,650 DOE award to establish an in-situ scanning electron microscopy platform for irradiated materials. The high-resolution microscope will enhance the university's research capabilities in extreme environments.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo have developed a method to manipulate material chirality using electricity, enabling reversible and tunable chiral electronic states. This approach opens new possibilities for advanced spintronic devices and the emerging field of 'chiral iontronics'.
This cohort study found that exposure to Migrant Protection Protocols was associated with higher rates of trauma during migration among asylum seekers. The Migrant Protection Protocols may have potential downstream implications for U.S. public health and security, including adverse health outcomes for asylum seekers.
A new signaling cascade has been discovered in plants to cope with nitrate deficiency, involving ROS and transcription factors WRKY42/WRKY58. This finding provides a conceptual framework for engineering nitrogen-efficient crops.
The researchers created tiny, microorganism-inspired particles that can change their shape and self-propel in response to electrical fields. These particles could be used as microrobots to deliver medications or build dynamic materials that are responsive and self-healing.
KAIST researchers have developed a biomicrofluidic system that can recreate the process by which drug-induced muscle damage leads to kidney injury. The system allows for precise reproduction of inter-organ reactions, enabling the early prediction of drug side effects and identification of causes of acute kidney injury.
The MAAD database provides a standardized platform for rational antibody engineering, structure-based vaccine design, and AI-driven antibody discovery. Analysis reveals conserved and pathogen-specific germline gene biases, with potential immune escape hotspots identified through entropy analysis of interface residues.
Researchers developed SPARK-seq to map aptamer-target interactions in native cellular contexts, identifying binders for low-abundance targets. The platform preferentially enriches slow-dissociating aptamers, vital for diagnostics and therapy.
A recent study found that residual plastic film in cotton fields accumulates over time, transforming into microplastics. The amount of microplastics increases with the amount of residual film, but exceeds a threshold of 160-200 kg·ha−1, triggering an acceleration phase.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed a new technique to improve mass spectrometry, enabling better drug target discovery and tumor analysis. The innovation increases sensitivity by breaking down scans into smaller bins, allowing for more accurate measurement of differences in concentration.
Southwest Research Institute has upgraded its nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) laboratory to provide robust chemical analysis of organic compounds used in drug discovery and development. The new facility enables rapid and cost-effective analysis using qNMR, which can be more efficient than HPLC for certain applications.
Research from Washington State University found that decentralized platforms encourage stronger emotions and less self-censorship, leading to more candid and emotionally rich reactions. This can have implications for companies and marketers looking to understand consumer concerns and make informed decisions.
Researchers used genetic data from house sparrows to develop a statistical model that can predict traits in other species. The study found that making predictions across different populations works less well than within populations, but provided new insights for improving the technique.
The American Pediatric Society has reinstated the APS Howland Visiting Professor Program at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, enabling renowned pediatric leader Bonnie W. Ramsey, MD, to share her expertise and engage with academic professionals.
The system uses a human-in-the-loop knot planner and three optimization metrics to ensure task reliability. It successfully completed real-world experiments, lifting heavy payloads in unstructured environments with high success rates.
The Crohn's & Colitis Foundation survey found that 18% of young adults with IBD work extra hours to afford care, while over 1 in 3 lack confidence in navigating insurance. The study highlights the need for targeted educational resources and policy attention to improve equitable access to care.
Researchers at University of Waterloo discover workaround for 'no cloning' problem in quantum computing by encrypting quantum information as it's copied. This breakthrough enables redundant and encrypted quantum cloud services, a crucial step towards building quantum computing infrastructure.
The study simulates energy production and demand with hourly resolution and includes cross-border electricity transmission through a proposed ASEAN Power Grid. Technologies to create hydrogen gas would have to become much cheaper over time for this pathway to function.
Scientists develop corrosion-resistant alumina-forming ferritic alloys that exhibit outstanding mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, potentially transforming energy systems and nuclear reactors. These materials offer economic feasibility while maintaining high reliability and could accelerate adoption in practical applications.
Researchers found that pheomelanin helps maintain cysteine balance in cells by converting excess into inert pigment. This suggests why genetic variants promoting pheomelanin production persist despite increasing melanoma risk.
A new study maps the impact of stressors during pregnancy on the developing fetal brain, revealing a cell atlas and identifying key immune pathways. The research sheds light on how maternal gut-immune disruptions can shape neurodevelopmental disorders in children.
A new AI model, SleepFM, uses large-scale sleep data to predict over 100 health conditions. The model analyzes various physiological signals and identifies patterns that can forecast disease onset with reasonable accuracy.
Plants deploy a faster communication system, using jasmonate-dependent immune signals to initiate systemic immunity within hours of infection. This discovery opens new possibilities for engineering crops that respond more quickly to infection, limiting disease spread and yield loss.
Scientists at the University of St Andrews have discovered a long-elusive molecular 'reshuffle,' unlocking an 80-year-old chemical puzzle. This breakthrough tackles one of chemistry's most persistent challenges, enabling faster, cleaner, and more selective ways to manufacture complex molecules with a single handedness.
Dr. Noritaka Ichinohe challenges the long-held assumption that averaging away individual differences is necessary in psychiatric research. Instead, biological heterogeneity is seen as a phenomenon demanding explanation. The author's work on primate brain mapping and molecular subtyping has identified convergence points between species ...
A recent genomic study by Dr. Mayana Zatz and colleagues reveals that Brazil's admixed population may hold the key to understanding exceptional aging. The study identifies over 8 million novel genetic variants in the Brazilian population, with potential protective mechanisms against age-related diseases.
Researchers at Flinders University discover a genetic mutation that silences a brain receptor, rendering it unresponsive to both natural trace amines and clinical drug candidates. The C182F variant eliminates receptor signaling and reduces cell surface expression, with profound implications for emerging psychiatric treatments.
A comprehensive review synthesizes emerging evidence on AMPKα isoforms' dual roles in Alzheimer's disease. The analysis proposes that this complexity may explain why pharmacological approaches have yielded mixed results in treating the disease. Isoform-specific targeting is proposed as a novel therapeutic strategy.
A comprehensive genetic investigation by Dr. Feng Liu and collaborators identifies shared genetic loci between schizophrenia and osteoporosis, suggesting overlapping biological pathways. The study found that psychiatric patients face elevated fracture risks due to these molecular connections.
Dr. Maria Margarita Behrens' work deciphers the molecular signatures defining every human brain cell type, shedding light on neural development and psychiatric disorders. Her single-cell epigenomic atlases will enable researchers to target specific cell types with unprecedented precision.
Scientists at ETH Zurich have discovered that electrons in flat layered materials like MXenes respond with a delay to the motion of atomic nuclei. This challenge to the standard Born-Oppenheimer approximation could lead to more precise mathematical models and novel opto-electronic devices.
A new paper proposes a way to calculate the thermodynamic costs of metabolic processes, ranking them according to their biological efficiency. The method estimates the improbability of a network behaving in a certain way, considering maintenance and restriction costs.
A new study from the Medical University of South Carolina suggests that the complement system, a part of the body's innate immune system, plays a major role in brain damage after repeated concussions. The research found that reducing complement activation can help protect the brain and reduce cognitive impairments.