Toronto, ON – A new study led by researchers at the University of Toronto reveals that boys and men who perceive anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use within their social circles are more likely to report intentions to use these substances themselves, even if they have never used them before.
Drawing on data from over 1,500 participants in Canada and the United States, this study presents one of the first comprehensive examinations of how the use of AAS within one’s social circle influences individual attitudes and the future risk of use. The study also highlights key sociodemographic factors associated with intentions to use AAS.
“We found that more than a third of participants reported knowing someone in their social circle who uses steroids,” said lead author Dr. Kyle Ganson, Assistant Professor at the Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work. “Although overall intentions to use steroids were relatively low, exposure to users within one’s social circle was significantly linked to stronger intentions to use.”
The study also identified that individuals identifying as multi-racial had higher intentions to use AAS. In contrast, those identifying as gay or having attained a graduate-level education had lower intentions to use AAS. The findings underscore the importance of targeted prevention efforts that consider both identity factors and social environments.
“These insights can inform harm reduction strategies and prevention campaigns, especially those focused on youth and emerging adults who may be navigating social pressures related to body image and performance,” Ganson added.
As the use of muscle-building substances becomes more normalized in some circles, the researchers emphasize the need to understand the broader social contexts that shape substance use intentions before use even begins.
Performance Enhancement & Health
People
Social Network Exposure and Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Intentions to Use Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids
2-Jul-2025