Researchers found that beverage isotopes in hair can serve as chemical fingerprints to pinpoint geographic regions where individuals have been. The study analyzed isotope patterns in bottled water, soda pop, and beer from 33 cities, revealing characteristic 'iso-signatures' for each region.
New eco-friendly cremation methods use low-heat processes and break down corpses into soil, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A corpse composting method turns bodies into natural soil without a sealed casket, providing environmentally friendly burial options
Researchers have made significant progress in developing new medical technologies to combat the anthrax threat. Promising new treatments include a long-sought inhalable vaccine that can be self-administered without a needle, as well as new antibiotics and medicines that can block the effects of anthrax toxin.
Researchers found that nanoparticles of zinc oxide are twice as toxic to colon cells as conventional zinc oxide. The study's results suggest that accidental ingestion of sunscreen products could lead to toxicity in humans.
Researchers analyzed bed bug saliva proteins to understand their role in feeding and potential medical applications. The study found unique enzymes that characterize the saliva profile of Cimex lectularius, a blood-feeding insect with over 250 million-year survival success.
A new maglev sensor has been developed to analyze food, water, and beverages for density and chemical composition. The device can quickly estimate salt content in water samples and fat content in milk, cheese, and peanut butter with high accuracy.
Smokeless tobacco affects enzyme function and genetic material in liver, kidney, and lungs, altering hormone production and potentially toxic substance breakdown. The study's findings highlight the need for greater awareness of smokeless tobacco's risks, particularly among youth and vulnerable populations.
Using Popsicle-type craft sticks to form channels in Jell-O, students can create large-scale microfluidic devices. This method makes hands-on experience with microfluidics possible, reducing the need for expensive equipment and toxic chemicals.
A new study found that free-range eggs in Taiwan contain at least five times higher levels of certain pollutants than regular eggs. The findings raise concern about the safety of eating free-range chicken eggs due to potential exposure to environmental pollutants like PCDDs and PCDFs.
Researchers used a computer model to show how HCFCs break down into oxalic acid, contributing to acid rain. The study highlights concerns over the environmental impact of replacing ozone-depleting substances with more potent greenhouse gases.
Scientists discovered a fungus that produces oils suitable for biodiesel production, providing an alternative to edible oilseed plants. The fungus-based biodiesel meets commercial specifications and can be scaled for commercial production.
A new study found that coffee consumption can prevent high-blood sugar development and improve insulin sensitivity in laboratory mice. Caffeine is believed to be the primary ingredient responsible for this effect.
Researchers develop a new procedure for mass-producing graphene, a material that could revolutionize electronics devices. The process uses commercially available silicon carbide wafers to produce high-quality graphene with excellent electronic properties.
Researchers have successfully tested a plastic antibody that mimics natural antibodies in the bloodstream of living mice, demonstrating its ability to recognize and fight infectious substances. The breakthrough could lead to medical applications for custom-tailored nanoparticles to combat various antigens.
The new 'dipstick' test uses a special paper strip with antibodies to accurately determine blood type, promising to save millions of lives through successful blood transfusions. The cost-effective method could be particularly useful in veterinary medicine for typing animals' blood in the field.
The US military has developed a set of ultra-strength cleaners that can effectively neutralize toxic chemicals, including nerve gas and mustard gas. The new decontamination agents are non-toxic and based on ingredients found in foods, cosmetics, and other consumer products.
Scientists developed a fast, simple and inexpensive test for detecting chemicals that cause contact dermatitis, eliminating the need for animal testing. The test uses nitrobenzenethiol as a skin protein surrogate, producing positive results for known skin irritants and negative results for non-irritating substances.
Researchers identify 66 proteins in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), a potential early test for gum disease, and uncover antibacterial substances involved in fighting infection.
A study found that quaternary amines in household cleaning products can form NDMA when mixed with chloramine. This process is of concern to health officials as sewage treatment plants may not remove all these precursors, potentially leading to environmental contamination.
Global air traffic will significantly contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, doubling or tripling by 2050. The increase in emissions will be driven by the growing number of flights and the lack of improvement in fuel efficiency.
Scientists are investigating new clean-up methods to limit environmental damage, including applying dispersants underwater and boosting naturally-occurring bacteria that can break down oil. The effectiveness of these approaches remains to be seen as massive amounts of oil remain in the ocean.
A new nanotech breath sensor can detect Type I diabetes by measuring acetone levels in exhaled breath. The device is sensitive enough to detect high concentrations of acetone, even in moist air, allowing for early diagnosis and monitoring of diabetic ketoacidosis.
Researchers found that sewage sludge can be used to produce biodiesel fuel within a few cents of being competitive with petroleum-based diesel. The study suggests that microorganisms could be used to boost oil production in sludge, increasing biodiesel production capacity to over 10 billion gallons per year.
Researchers discovered that unroasted coffee beans contain globulins, which have an insecticidal effect on cowpea weevil larvae. The study suggests that these proteins could be inserted into food crops to produce natural insecticides.
Researchers have discovered a way to reuse cigarette butts to protect steel from rusting, a process that can be costly and disrupt oil production. The study identified nine chemicals in the extracts of cigarette butts that appear to be responsible for this anti-corrosion effect.
Researchers design plastics to capture signaling molecules, blocking bacterial infection and biofilm formation. The approach aims to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria and reduce the risk of infections.
The American Chemical Society's Green Chemistry Institute is developing a universal standard to evaluate chemical products and processes based on their environmental performance. This standard will provide comparative data, making it easier for consumers to choose greener products.
Antipsychotic drugs increase Akt signaling in C. elegans, a common effect across major categories of schizophrenia medication. This finding highlights the importance of Akt signaling in schizophrenia and suggests that medications or dietary approaches targeting this pathway may help alleviate symptoms.
Researchers have created a two-in-one formula combining an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug, delivered via nano-sized particles that extend medication duration. This development holds promise for easier treatment of bacterial keratitis, potentially reducing hospitalization rates.
A prescription drug, imiquimod, has been found to boost the effectiveness of future vaccines for bacterial and viral diseases like HIV and hepatitis C. Scientists have coated imiquimod with dextran-based microparticles, significantly increasing the efficiency of cellular uptake by immune cells.
The National Cancer Institute Alliance for Nanotechnology in Cancer is making significant progress, promising earlier disease diagnosis, targeted treatments, and improved survival rates.
The gypsy moth continues to spread across the US, resistant to effective pesticides. Despite decades of pesticide use, the insect remains a threat to forests and urban landscapes.
Scientists have successfully applied optical coherence tomography (OCT) to analyze the layers of easel paintings, revealing evidence of forged signatures and alterations. This non-invasive technique overcomes previous limitations, offering a new way for art conservators to detect changes in artworks.
The developing world is projected to generate twice as much electronic waste (e-waste) as developed countries by 2030, with 400-700 million PCs discarded annually. Technological advances have led to a rapid decline in consumer electronics lifespan, prompting concerns about environmentally safe disposal methods.
Scientists developed a urine test for detecting colon cancer by analyzing chemical differences in human urine samples. The study identified 16 substances associated with colon cancer, offering potential for an alternative screening method to colonoscopy.
Researchers found conditions on primordial Earth could easily form left-handed aspartic acid crystals, leading to exclusive preference for left-handed amino acids in life forms. This discovery may help resolve the origin of life's left-handedness mystery.
Research confirms green tea catechins penetrate eye tissues, potentially protecting against glaucoma and other eye diseases. The study, published in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, found that these antioxidants absorbed by the eyes reduced oxidative stress for up to 20 hours.
A new report concludes that Ginkgo herbal medicines can increase the risk of seizures in people with epilepsy and reduce the effectiveness of anti-seizure drugs. The herb's potentially toxic material, ginkgotoxin, may alter a chemical signaling pathway that triggers epileptic seizures.
Scientists recognize Anthropocene epoch, a new geological time period caused by massive human impact, which may lead to the Earth's sixth-largest mass extinction event. The term has gained widespread support within the geological community and could be formalized as a new unit on the Geological Time Scale.
Scientists develop a new method to recover and reuse nanoparticles, which are crucial for nanotechnology applications. The method, described in ACS' Langmuir journal, uses a special microemulsion to separate nanoparticles from other substances.
A study by Liying Zhang and colleagues found that eggs from chickens on highly contaminated melamine feed contained levels of the contaminant below US FDA limits. The researchers suggested that exposure levels below 100 ppm in feed would not pose potential hazards for food safety.
The emerging science of molecular gastronomy focuses on chemistry and physics techniques in food preparation, transforming the restaurant experience. Key findings include the application of chemical techniques to create novel textures and flavor combinations.
High levels of copper and iron in older adults can lead to cell damage and increase the risk of age-related diseases. To mitigate this, individuals over 50 should consider avoiding certain supplements and taking steps to lower their exposure to these metals.
Scientists are developing new medications to block abnormal clumps of amyloid-beta protein in the brain, which may slow Alzheimer's disease progression. Clinical trials could lead to new treatments within 5-10 years if successful.
A new study has discovered that the 'vegetable lamb' plant contains substances with promise as treatments for osteoporosis. The plant's compounds blocked the formation of bone-destroying osteoclasts in up to 97% of laboratory cultures without harming other cells.
A comprehensive study documents American industry's water usage, revealing that most water is used indirectly in processing such as packaging and shipping food crops. The study estimates water use among over 400 industry sectors, with surprising amounts required for common products like sugar, dog and cat food, and milk.
A recent study found that carnivorous plants can be harmed when consuming insects contaminated with toxic metals like cadmium. The research, published in Environmental Science & Technology, highlights the importance of limiting exposure to these metals to protect endangered plant species.
A study by American Chemical Society found that kosher products dominate supermarket shelves due to strict standards, appealing to non-Jewish consumers. Rabbis must analyze chemical composition of food ingredients to certify kosher products, highlighting the complexity of kosher certification.
Scientists have discovered a more economical way to convert wood and other non-food biomass into ethanol fuel, reducing enzyme costs by up to 90%.
Researchers create artificial leaf-like structures that can harness sunlight and water to produce hydrogen fuel, increasing activity by a factor of ten compared to commercial photo-catalysts. The 'Artificial Inorganic Leaf' (AIL) mimics natural leaves' structural features for improved light harvesting efficiency.