Male BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers have a higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to noncarriers. A high carbohydrate diet may also promote prostate tumor growth in mice, while infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with an increased risk of head and neck cancers but does not further increase the risk when...
A systematic review of recent studies suggests PET imaging can accurately diagnose and stage lung cancer, even in early stages. The imaging modality is found to be more accurate than CT imaging for treatment decisions in non–small-cell lung cancer patients.
A new study found that experienced ultrasound examiners can accurately classify ovarian tumors using pattern recognition, outperforming blood test CA-125 levels. The method could improve diagnosis and treatment for women with ovarian cancer.
A new model for predicting estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women performs almost as well as the standard Gail model and could be used to identify high-risk women. Smoking is associated with rectal cancer, while drugs like ZD6126 may cause heart damage due to cardiovascular changes.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found no correlation between vitamin D levels and overall cancer death rates. However, elevated vitamin D levels were linked to a significant decrease in colorectal cancer mortality rates.
The Seneca Valley Virus shows promise as a treatment for some metastatic cancers. Cervical cancer survivors are at greater risk of second cancers due to radiation exposure. A novel trial design identifies promising treatments in clinical trials.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that treatment with a vitamin A derivative called retinoic acid reduced the growth of lung cells in former heavy smokers. The researchers also found that the treatment slowed down cell growth in the parabasal layer of lung cells, but not in the basal layer.
People with a history of allergies have a nearly third lower risk of developing certain brain cancers, such as glioma. Meanwhile, genetic studies identified three locations on human chromosome 8q24 associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.
Researchers questioned the effectiveness of PSA velocity as a prostate cancer screening tool due to inconsistent study results and potential biases. Despite initial hopes that it could reduce unnecessary biopsies, PSA velocity is often used in men with low PSA levels, increasing the number of referrals.
A low-fat diet was associated with a reduced risk of ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women, with the greatest reduction seen in those with high fat intake before the study. The findings suggest that a low-fat dietary pattern may be beneficial in reducing cancer incidence rates.
A study published in Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that androgen deprivation therapy used to treat localized prostate cancer increases the risk of death from heart disease. The therapy can lead to metabolic syndrome, which raises the risk of type II diabetes or coronary artery disease.
A new version of the colon cancer screening test effectively detects colorectal cancer and may replace the current unrehydrated guaiac test. The fecal immunochemical test had a sensitivity of 81.8% for detecting colorectal cancers, outperforming the guaiac test's 64.3% sensitivity rate.
A recent study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found no strong association between fruit and vegetable intake and colon cancer risk. However, a lower risk of distal colon cancer was observed among those consuming high amounts of fruits and vegetables.
A study of deceased men found that prostate cancer diagnosis depends more on the biopsied area than sample number, suggesting a new approach to design biopsies. Alternative trial designs and targeting tumor microenvironments may also improve cancer treatment outcomes.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that higher education levels are associated with decreased cancer mortality rates among black and white men and women. The difference in mortality was greatest between those with 12 or fewer years of education and those with more than 12 years. This association is ...
A third of prostate biopsies detected cancer, with the risk increasing with each subsequent biopsy. Gene variants influencing innate immunity also linked to improved or poorer lung cancer survival in white patients. Brain tumor stem cells susceptible to a cancer-killing virus, offering new treatment hope.
Two studies found that finasteride reduces prostate cancer incidence, but increases detection of high-grade cancers. Analysis suggests increased detection rather than development of high-grade cancers. The findings have favorable implications for the clinical impact of finasteride.
A recent study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that hypnosis prior to breast cancer surgery reduced the amount of anesthesia used during the operation, as well as levels of pain and other side effects reported afterwards. This resulted in shorter hospital stays, fewer readmissions, and lower surgical costs.
A study found that men screened every two years had more detected cancers than those screened every four years, but aggressive cancer detection rates remained the same. The results suggest that more frequent screening may detect smaller, clinically insignificant cancers.
Researchers identify specific H. pylori strains associated with precancerous gastric lesions, potentially underestimating the risk of gastric cancer. Meanwhile, a gene called OGR1 is found to suppress prostate cancer metastasis in mice, suggesting its potential as a novel metastasis suppressor gene.
A recent decline in breast cancer incidence is attributed to a drop in postmenopausal hormone therapy use. This finding contradicts the assumption that decreased mammography screening is responsible for the decline.
A study found that individuals with suppressed immune systems, such as kidney transplant patients and those with HIV, have a higher incidence of squamous cell eye cancer. Residence in subtropical regions and prior history of skin cancer were also associated with increased risk.
Researchers found that taking vitamins and minerals did not reduce liver cancer death rates in a study conducted by the National Cancer Institute. However, some vitamin-mineral combinations reduced risk in subgroups defined by age, sex, and alcohol consumption. In contrast, gene expression patterns identified 11 genes in noncancerous l...
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that chemotherapy with bevacizumab increases the risk of blood clots in arteries, with a higher incidence among patients over 65 years old. The risk of arterial thromboembolic events was significantly higher in patients treated with the combination therapy compared...
A diet rich in choline, found in red meat, eggs, poultry, and dairy products, may increase the risk of colorectal polyps. Research suggests that higher intake of choline is associated with an elevated risk, contradicting previous expectations.
A recent study found a significant decline in breast cancer incidence in 2003, coinciding with a drop in hormone therapy use. Breast density and sex hormone levels are also independent risk factors for breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that adding readings by non-physician technologists to standard mammograms read by two radiologists increased breast cancer detection rates by 6.8%. This improvement was achieved with a minimal increase in false positives.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that experienced surgeons perform more successful prostate cancer surgeries, with a steeper learning curve. As surgeons gain experience, patient outcomes improve, but beyond 250 operations, additional experience has little influence on cancer recurrence rates.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that nearly 80% of Kaposi sarcoma tumors arose independently from multiple cells. This challenges the traditional understanding of cancer origins, suggesting that Kaposi sarcoma is not a true metastatic cancer.
Researchers developed a new drug delivery method using ultrasound to target cancer tumors, releasing chemotherapy drugs from nanobubbles. They found this approach was more effective at blocking tumor growth than other nanoparticle delivery methods. Vitamin D levels were also associated with reduced colon cancer risk in a separate study.
The FDA review found no strong association between eating tomatoes and decreased cancer risk, but some limited evidence for associations with prostate, ovarian, gastric, and pancreatic cancers. The agency allowed qualified health claims for these four cancers, citing very limited and preliminary scientific research.
The incidence of early stage metastatic breast cancers is increasing, attributed to changes in clinical practice. Sentinel lymph node biopsies often detect small numbers of tumor cells that do not necessarily indicate cancer spread.
Patients treated with bisphosphonates are at higher risk of jaw bone deterioration or infection. The use of intravenous bisphosphonates has been associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw or facial bones, a condition caused by poor blood supply to the area.
Researchers investigated the effect of finasteride on sexual function in over 17,000 men, finding minimal impact. A new trial design aims to better evaluate targeted therapies by identifying a molecular cutoff point for responsive patients.
Researchers have developed a new drug delivery method using nanoparticles that carries the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin deeper into solid tumors, improving its effectiveness. This treatment approach resulted in increased tumor growth prevention and longer survival times for mice compared to traditional methods.
BRCA2 mutation carriers have a higher risk of developing aggressive and lethal prostate cancer, with younger onset and advanced-stage disease, according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The study suggests that studying gene expression patterns in prostate cancers may help predict progression.
A study found that arsenic exposure led to a significant rise in lung and bladder cancer deaths, with mortality rates peaking 10-20 years after exposure ended. The research suggests the need for controlling arsenic concentrations in drinking water worldwide.
Recent studies found a decline in Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma incidence among AIDS patients treated with HAART, associated with increased CD4 cell counts. Additionally, researchers identified the CCRK gene as potentially involved in glioblastoma multiforme development.
A review of nine randomized trials shows that patients treated with cisplatin lived slightly longer than those treated with carboplatin, with a median survival of 9.1 months compared to 8.4 months. However, the difference in survival was not statistically significant for all patient groups.
A prospective study found that aspirin use was associated with lower risk of cancer incidence and mortality, particularly among former and non-smokers. In contrast, integrin α7 gene mutations were identified in various cancers, including prostate and liver cancer, suggesting a potential role in cancer development.
Two research teams developed models to predict NSCLC patient outcomes based on protein patterns. The new models, validated in independent groups, could help physicians decide treatment options for patients with NSCLC. Researchers identified a 25-signature proteomic signature associated with increased survival among NSCLC patients.
A study found no association between regular multivitamin use and localized prostate cancer, but an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer among men who took high doses or had a family history. Men taking selenium, beta-carotene, or zinc supplements were also at higher risk.
Alcohol drinking has been associated with a reduced risk of renal cell cancer. Childhood leukemia and lymphoma survivors face an elevated risk of secondary cancers, while treatment with clodronate did not improve survival for men with localized prostate cancer.
A study found that cigarette smoking is responsible for a quarter of head and neck cancers among individuals who do not drink alcohol. Drinking alcohol was also linked to an increased risk of head and neck cancers, particularly among never-smokers.
Researchers have confirmed that tamoxifen prevents breast cancer in high-risk women, while a combination of three HER inhibitors slows down tumor growth. Additionally, chemotherapy with rituximab improves overall survival rates for patients with indolent lymphoma, and new lung cancer risk prediction models offer modest accuracy.
Researchers found that chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells have a high frequency of BCR-ABL gene mutations, even in the absence of imatinib, which could lead to drug resistance. This genetic instability may contribute to relapses and disease progression.
A randomized clinical trial found that topical testosterone cream did not improve libido in postmenopausal female cancer survivors compared to a placebo. The study suggests that estrogen levels may be a crucial factor in the effectiveness of testosterone therapy for sexual desire in women.
A daily dose of adult-strength aspirin was associated with a moderate decreased cancer risk, particularly for colorectal, prostate, and breast cancers. However, the effect on other types of cancer was not significant.
A novel cell culture technique could lead to the discovery of new drugs for preventing DCIS recurrence or progression. Breast cancer cells expressing a shortened form of the HER2 gene can be treated with lapatinib, but are resistant to trastuzumab.
A randomized controlled trial of high-risk gastric cancer patients showed no significant difference in survival between two treatment groups. The five-year survival rate was around 50%, higher than previous studies, suggesting that the quality of surgery and potential toxicity of postoperative chemotherapy may be factors.