Articles tagged with Biotechnology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new technique allows for the simultaneous tracking of gene expression and movement in Drosophila flies, enabling researchers to study correlations between behavior, gene expression, and aging. The method uses green fluorescent protein (GFP) and specially modified video cameras to track movement and quantify GFP expression in real-time.
Researchers are exploring the PI3-kinase pathway's role in cancer, with studies showing its inhibition can suppress tumor growth and cell survival. The pathway is also involved in angiogenesis, differentiation, and cell growth, making it a critical target for novel therapies.
Biotech scientists are applying genomics technologies to toxicology research to better understand the effects of novel drug candidates. This trend towards predictive toxicogenomics aims to develop a new compound's mechanism of action and predict toxicity, with several companies and consortia already working on this technology.
Molecular diagnostic products are based on cutting-edge research in genomics and proteomics, enabling early detection of cancer and optimizing drug therapy. Companies like Roche, Myriad Genetics, and Genomic Health are well-positioned for future growth with their genetic tests and companion diagnostics.
A landmark study reports a breakdown in the biotech patent system, citing a fixation on patents and privately-controlled research as a major obstacle to innovation. The authors argue that a more collaborative approach is needed to ensure that new ideas reach those who need them.
The MIBBI initiative brings together grassroots standardisation groups to create a unified framework for high-throughput biology. By sharing minimal information standards, researchers can increase data reproducibility and analysis power.
Researchers are developing novel hit-to-lead drug discovery strategies utilizing a combination of high-throughput screening, miniaturization, and advanced data analysis. This approach enables the identification of promising compounds with increased efficiency, leading to faster and more effective disease treatments.
Dr. Neal Garrett has been recognized for his research focus on restoring oral function and quality of life following tooth loss or other oral impairment in the elderly. He established the functional efficacy of various denture parameters and types utilizing dental implants, improving mastication and patient perceptions.
Brazil is transitioning from imitator to innovator in health-related products, with several small and medium-sized enterprises succeeding in developing innovative products. Despite facing challenges such as regulatory barriers and limited access to private equity, Brazil's biotech industry has the scientific capacity to become a major ...
Researchers at the University of Helsinki solved the structure of archaeal virus SH1 to one nanometre resolution, revealing details about its biological membrane, genomic matter, and protein coat. The study suggests a possible common viral structural protein ancestor found in adenoviruses.
The home telehealth and remote patient monitoring market is projected to grow at a rate of 70% over the next three to five years, driven by increasing demand for convenient and accessible healthcare services. The combined average annual revenue growth of consumer companies in this market is even more explosive, reaching up to 193.5%.
Researchers have identified a key human aging gene in fruit flies, revealing its role in DNA instability and genome rearrangement. This breakthrough enables the use of fruit flies as a powerful model system to study the effects of aging on human health.
Companies like UCB Pharma and CeeTox are using cell-based assays to assess the toxic characteristics of small molecule compounds. This early identification can improve clinical trial results and reduce the time to market.
A team of researchers led by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute's Robert J. Linhardt uncovered the source of deadly heparin contamination, a complex carbohydrate named oversulfated chondroitin sulfate. They are now developing stronger monitoring systems and exploring synthetic alternatives to ensure patient safety.
The University of Alabama team of Drs. Guy and Kim Caldwell has been awarded the first HudsonAlpha Prize for Outstanding Innovation in Life Sciences for their research on diseases of the nervous system, specifically Parkinson's disease. The $20,000 prize recognizes exceptional talent and research of superior merit.
The use of cell-based assays is increasing in early drug discovery work to test toxic effects, according to Genetic Engineering News. The technique offers a faster and lower-cost alternative, with market estimates projecting over $230 million by 2015.
A new journal, Biotechnology for Biofuels, has published a report describing the efficient production of bioethanol through hot water pretreatment on wheat straw. Researchers found that this process helps remove wax and hemicellulose, enhancing enzymatic digestibility and producing better quality bioethanol.
Biotech companies are developing novel biomarkers to improve cancer diagnostic tests, potentially reducing treatment costs. Researchers at various institutions, including the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Wayne State University School of Medicine, are working on early detection tools for malignancies.
Developing nations offer a ready supply of patients, large potential markets, and reduced competition for clinical trial sites. Companies conduct trials primarily in cities due to the presence of doctors, staff, and equipment similar to those found in Western conditions.
A new study reveals that black tea can effectively inhibit the activity of Bacillus anthracis, a deadly bacterium causing anthrax. Adding whole milk to tea completely inhibits its antibacterial activity.
Researchers are studying the effects of over- or underexpression of specific miRNAs on disease development and inhibition. For instance, scientists identified miR-373 and miR-520c, which promote tumor metastasis.
China's health biotech industry boasts daring medical science innovation and stunning breakthroughs, including the world's first commercialized gene therapy product. However, firms face an uphill battle in attracting high-risk venture capital needed for innovative projects due to uncertain financial systems and export restrictions.
A study published in Clinical Cancer Research examines the antitumor efficacy and safety of various combinations of reovirus and cyclophosphamide. The findings support investigation in human clinical trials to modulate, but not ablate, the immune system before systemic reovirus administration.
Researchers have identified the swimming and attack patterns of two tiny but deadly microbes linked to fish kills in the Chesapeake Bay. The team used digital holographic microscopy to capture three-dimensional images of the troublesome microbes, revealing distinct differences in their hunting tactics.
Researchers find that bdelloid rotifers, an asexual organism, have evolved different gene functions to protect themselves during dehydration. This discovery provides insight into the benefits of asexuality and challenges the assumption that sexual reproduction is always necessary for survival.
The Science survey ranks top biopharma employers based on driving characteristics, with Boehringer Ingelheim leading the list. Genentech comes in second, followed by Amgen. The rankings are determined by an independent research firm commissioned by AAAS.
A Cardiff University study found that removing indoor mold improved asthma symptoms, with a significant decrease in inhaler use and improvement of other respiratory issues. The study suggests keeping homes dry and well-ventilated can reduce exposure to mold spores.
The Indian biotech sector is poised to revolutionize the industry with its innovative products, strategies, and manufacturing capabilities. The sector has already made significant impacts on drug prices, reducing costs by up to 90% for some generic biopharmaceuticals.
The US Economic Development Administration has awarded $1.5 million to the Rutgers-Camden Technology Campus to develop wet labs for a new Biotech-Life Science Business Incubator. The grant will create 255 jobs and generate over $17 million in private investment, supporting the growth of New Jersey's biotechnology industry.
Scientists have developed a pair of molecular-scale scissors that can be manipulated by light, allowing for precise control over proteins and biological molecules. The technology has the potential to revolutionize gene manipulation and drug delivery, with practical applications still several years away.
Stuart F. Brown, a Fortune magazine writer, has won the 2007 James T. Grady-James H. Stack Award for Interpreting Chemistry for the Public. The award recognizes his ability to convey complex scientific concepts in an engaging and accessible manner.
Cells use a new signaling pathway to alter their adhesive properties, which could lead to a better understanding of tissue development and immune responses. This discovery may also provide new therapeutic targets for diseases such as cancer and inflammatory conditions.
The Dartmouth/GlycoFi team successfully completed the full humanization of glycosylation in yeast, eliminating the need for mammalian cells. This breakthrough enables the production of therapeutic proteins with improved biological function and manufacturing efficiency.
Researchers find that inhibition of eNOS or PI3K provides total protection against anaphylactic shock. The study reveals a new mechanism underlying the condition, with eNOS-derived NO playing a crucial role.
A large-scale cross-platform study of research microarrays has uncovered high concordance across platforms, addressing a crucial issue in biomedical research. The study, led by Winston Patrick Kuo, used 10 different microarray platforms and two QRT-PCR approaches to compare gene expression measurements.
The research aims to harness the body's natural regenerative abilities to heal limb wounds, using salamanders as a model. The goal is to develop techniques for restoring damaged or lost digits and limbs.
Genentech's $2.5 million donation will support the formation of a new center at CSHL, focusing on preserving and disseminating the history of molecular biology and biotechnology. The facility will house archival collections from Nobel laureates and leaders in the industry.
Scientists have identified specific DNA fragments in tomatoes that influence their nutritional content and taste. By analyzing these fragments, researchers can develop targeted breeding strategies to create healthier and tastier tomatoes.
The Women's Bioethics Project has received a grant from the Ford Foundation to organize a bioethics seminar for women state legislators. The seminar aims to prepare these leaders to tackle emerging issues in healthcare and biotechnology.
The use of animal serum-free media for growing live cells is being promoted as a more humane and scientifically superior alternative. This approach eliminates the need for fetal calf serum, reducing variables in experiments and ensuring reproducibility across laboratories.
Patent law enables broad adoption of biomedical innovations by reducing transaction costs associated with negotiation and enforcement. Breaking patents can lead to monopolization and hinder competition.
A new study from Cornell University reveals that Americans are divided on the issue of genetically engineered food, with women and non-Caucasians perceiving higher health risks. Over the past three years, support for GE food has declined slightly while risk perception has increased, indicating a growing trend of skepticism.
Scientists are harnessing microbial biotechnology to address global environmental issues by utilizing diverse microbial communities and their functions. By leveraging cutting-edge DNA-based techniques, researchers can identify and utilize beneficial microorganisms to clean up pollutants, generate renewable energy, and detect pathogens.
Scientists at NIST have created polymer nanotubes that are unusually long and stable, with potential applications in biotechnology. The team developed processes to extend the shelf life of these nanotubes, enabling their use as channels for tiny volumes of chemicals or as ultra-small hypodermic needles.
The study provides a nearly complete parts list of all the machines in yeast, including 257 previously unknown machines and new components of existing ones. It also reveals how cells dynamically assemble and disassemble machines to respond to environmental challenges.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has received an NIH grant to establish a center for cheminformatics research, which will utilize computational techniques to predict chemical compound behavior. The RECCR aims to strengthen collaboration between researchers in various disciplines and advance biotechnology and life sciences research.
This book explores the progress of medical and pharmaceutical biotechnology, highlighting its potential to fight major global health concerns like Ebola fever and the human immunodeficiency virus. It also examines regulatory issues, public perceptions, and the social acceptance of this rapidly growing technology.
The 2005 Science survey identified top biopharma employers, based on 1,566 survey responses from readers of Science and other selected respondents. The rankings were determined using a mathematical process that took into account 42 specific characteristics or attributes in seven categories.
A new tool developed by McGown could help answer questions about the role of G-quartets in health and disease, including their connection to diabetes. The study aims to identify new biomarkers and medical therapies.
Rensselaer researchers have developed a predictive modeling approach that can determine protein behavior for use in bioseparation applications. The model uses molecular information obtained from the protein structure to predict adsorption isotherm parameters and chromatographic behavior, replicating experimental results.
The Methuselah Foundation's M Prize has sparked public interest in regenerative biomedicine, with a focus on slowing and reversing aging. Researchers will compete for the most dramatic advances in lifespan extension and aging retardation using interventions initiated in middle age.
The biotech industry is thriving in terms of scientific breakthroughs, but struggling to translate these advances into marketable treatments. Industry experts suggest that investing in new business strategies and measures that support innovation would be more effective than solely focusing on research.
The BIOS Initiative provides a new licensing mechanism that encourages sharing of core tools of innovation, empowering researchers worldwide. The launch of BioForge, an online collaborative research platform, enables scientists to work together to craft new technologies within a protected commons.
Researchers at VIB have discovered a way to prevent E. coli bacteria from adhering to the wall of the urinary tract, potentially leading to a new treatment for chronic urinary tract infections. By targeting the protein Adhesine FimH on the bacteria's pili, a new medication could be developed to combat this widespread problem.
Jeffrey A. Hubbell will receive the Elmer Gaden Award, a $1000 prize, and an acknowledgement in an upcoming journal issue. The award lecture will be held on March 15, 2005, at the American Chemical Society's National Meeting in San Diego.
The study identifies key factors that led to the success of seven developing countries' health biotech industries, including focusing on local health needs, private sector commercialization, widespread collaboration and long-term government support. Successful innovations, such as Cuba's vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae type b infect...
A US team of biomedical engineering students from Johns Hopkins University has won a British biotech business plan competition. The team presented their idea for an automated retina imaging device to a panel of judges in Edinburgh, Scotland, and was selected as one of the top four teams representing North America.
Researchers have developed a mathematical algorithm called TANGO that can predict the likelihood of proteins sticking together incorrectly. This could lead to new diagnostic techniques for diseases caused by misfolded proteins, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and more efficient production of therapeutic proteins.
Scientists capture real-time video-clips of signal transmission in living cells using Quantum Dots, revealing new insights into cellular processes. The breakthrough is expected to speed up the development of new cancer-curing drugs.
A cholesterol-free mouse model was generated, supporting the 'sterol synergism' theory and highlighting the importance of cholesterol in developmental stages. The knock-out pups showed poorer growth characteristics than normal animals.