Articles tagged with Systems Biology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A large hospital implemented a CPOE system with clinical decision support for radiology, significantly increasing meaningful use and adoption rates. The study observed a decrease in low-utility imaging studies by up to 57%.
A study found no significant difference in length of stay between safety-net and non-safety-net hospitals. To improve patient outcomes, quality improvement initiatives should focus on changes within and outside the department, along with supplying necessary resources.
A new study published in The Lancet found that children with burn injuries covering 60% or more of their total body surface area (TBSA) are at substantially higher risk of severe complications and death. The authors recommend immediate transfer to specialist burns units for treatment with increased vigilance and improved therapies.
The article proposes a more personalized approach to ICD replacement, taking into account each patient's unique circumstances, such as the risk of inappropriate shocks and personal preferences for end-of-life care. A shift in focus towards individualized decision-making could lead to more informed and cost-effective treatment.
A new study suggests that GABA deficits in the brain may trigger disturbances in the endocannabinoid system, which is responsible for regulating substances similar to cannabis products. The research also found that cannabis use can alter GABA activity in the brain.
New research aims to create algorithms mimicking human brain sound processing to enhance speech intelligibility in noisy situations. The goal is to develop a brain-inspired speech enhancer that can identify sound sources and reduce the stigma associated with hearing aids.
The University of Washington is providing a common, open-source platform for surgical robots to facilitate collaboration and innovation in the field. Five systems will be shipped to top universities including Harvard and Johns Hopkins, allowing researchers to share software and replicate experiments.
The University of California, Santa Cruz and the University of Washington have developed an open-source robotic surgery system, Raven II, which will be shared with top medical research laboratories across the US. The systems enable collaborative experiments and faster advancements in the field.
Researchers have discovered a novel B cell that produces the growth factor GM-CSF, which stimulates other immune cells and helps protect against sepsis. The newly identified B cells, called innate response activator (IRA) B cells, may play a critical role in striking a balance between controlling infection and inflammation.
A study published in Hepatology found that older Americans with cirrhosis require twice the amount of informal caregiving and contribute added strain on the healthcare system. The prevalence of cirrhosis is expected to climb in this frail population due to increasing obesity and aging of those with hepatitis C.
Christian Davis Furman, a leading geriatrician at UofL, has been chosen for the CMS Innovation Advisors Program to enhance healthcare delivery and reduce costs. She will receive a stipend of up to $20,000 to support her activities during the one-year program.
A study examined the user experience of popular functions in the Department of Veterans Affairs' My HealtheVet system, finding that users found the prescription refill function particularly useful. Patients also sought features that would allow them to easily download and share their health information with healthcare providers.
The Oregon Health & Science University's Physician Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment (POLST) program has expanded to 34 states and improved end-of-life care outcomes. The program provides a comprehensive set of medical orders based on patient preferences, ensuring accurate treatment with a high degree of accuracy.
Physician-defined patient complexity differs from common diagnosis-based measures, highlighting social and behavioral contexts that impact primary care. Primary care physicians designated about one-quarter of their patients as complex, with older, more experienced physicians reporting higher proportions.
Physicists at NIST have developed a method to manipulate atoms' internal states using lasers, revealing new interactions that could aid in designing materials for quantum computing. This technique allows researchers to simulate complicated systems and observe their behavior in slow motion.
The MOBIGUIDE project aims to provide chronic patients with continuous monitoring and decision support in their home environment, improving quality of care and reducing hospital visits. The system will analyze patient data in real-time, delivering personalized treatment recommendations via mobile phones or web browsers.
Researchers found that uninsured patients had significantly shorter hospital stays for preventable and non-preventable conditions compared to insured patients. The study highlights the need for equal treatment of all patients regardless of insurance status.
A Stanford University School of Medicine study reveals that osteoarthritis is driven by low-grade inflammatory processes. The researchers found that inflammation sets in motion a chain of molecular events that escalates into an attack on the damaged joint, leading to its progression.
A new device combines optical frequency-domain imaging and near-infrared fluorescence to provide simultaneous structural and molecular images of internal arterial surfaces. This integrated approach can assess key factors linked to the risk of clot formation, enabling a 'stent checkup' for patients at risk.
A new collection of research by IHME provides innovative automated tools for analyzing verbal autopsies, which can be used in countries without vital registration systems. The Random Forest method outperforms traditional physician review and is faster, cheaper, and more accurate.
Researchers at Intermountain Medical Center found that fetal heart rate patterns may lead to unnecessary C-sections and increased costs. Category II patterns, considered indeterminate, are often misclassified, resulting in lower Apgar scores and NICU admissions.
Dr. William Tierney, president and CEO of the Regenstrief Institute, is recognized for his work on implementing electronic health record systems and advancing clinical informatics. He has received numerous awards, including the Collen Award, which acknowledges his persistent efforts to advance biomedical and health informatics.
Washington University in St. Louis has been awarded a $2.2 million US Department of Energy grant to create a fuel-producing cyanobacterium using systems biology and synthetic biology approaches. The project aims to develop a novel organism that can efficiently produce fuels from sunlight, water, and CO2.
A new study found that patients who visited physical therapists directly had fewer visits and lower overall costs, while maintaining continuity of care. The study analyzed 62,707 episodes of physical therapy and suggested eliminating physician referral requirements for physical therapist services.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a novel technique using RNA interference to block inflammation in animal models of several disorders. The technique targets specific inflammatory cells that contribute to conditions such as heart disease and cancer, reducing damage and improving survival rates.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham are developing a new organic medical imaging system using nano-transducers made from biological membranes to detect diseases earlier and track medication. The system has the potential to monitor electrical activity in the brain and track individual cells in the human body.
People with disabilities continue to face difficulties meeting major social needs, including accessing health care facilities and services. Iezzoni's analysis highlights barriers that restrict their access to health services, including lower rates of mammography and Pap tests. She argues that healthcare professionals need to understand...
A survey of radiation oncologists and healthcare professionals reveals that fears of getting into trouble and embarrassment are the primary barriers to using online error-reporting systems. Despite this, most respondents recognize the value of reporting errors and near-misses for improving care and patient safety.
Researchers found that patients with well-developed coronary collaterals have a 36% reduced risk of mortality from heart disease. The study suggests promoting natural bypass vessels through lifestyle factors and potential treatments, such as external counterpulsation or injections with growth factor G-CSF.
The University of Missouri's Rural Track Pipeline Program has produced nearly 65% of its graduates staying in Missouri, with over 57% practicing in rural areas. The program offers multiple opportunities for medical students to train and live in rural communities, addressing the national physician shortage in rural areas.
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that older patients who underwent carotid artery stenting from lesser experienced physicians had a higher risk of death within 30 days. The study analyzed Medicare data and found that doctors with less than six procedures per year performed worse outcomes.
The UC3M team created an intelligent T-shirt that monitors vital signs and location in real-time using e-textile technology. The system is designed to be used in hospitals and can be integrated into existing infrastructure, providing valuable insights for patient care.
Researchers at Princeton University found that changes in gene activity consistently coincided with the worsening of a patient's condition. The study used blood samples from 168 blunt-force trauma patients and identified two sets of genes that showed massive fluctuations in expression as patients developed complications and neared death.
The report recommends making GME more publically accountable by engaging consumers in its design, moving to a competency-based system, and increasing diversity of training sites. This would ensure that physicians are trained to meet the needs of the public and make the system more efficient with public funds.
According to a survey by Loyola University Health System researchers, nearly half of recreational runners drink too much fluid during races, with 36.5% following a preset schedule and 8.9% drinking as much as possible. The main cause of low sodium in runners is drinking too much water or sports drinks.
A multicentre randomised trial in France investigated the safety of long-term daily remote monitoring using a home monitoring system compared to conventional in-clinic follow-up. The results showed that remote ICD monitoring is non-inferior to traditional follow-up, with significant reductions in inappropriate shocks and hospitalizations.
Researchers used text mining to analyze electronic health records and identified co-occurrence of diseases and clustered patients into groups with similar clinical features. The study also mapped disease correlations to the genetic level, potentially revealing a genetic cause behind some diseases.
A team of researchers has reconstructed and tested a trafficking pathway for hundreds of cell proteins, finding that they can be delivered to the membrane via a simple three-part system. This discovery could have significance for the development of new drugs and bioengineering methods.
A new study found children's hospitals are underequipped to handle a surge of patients in the event of a pandemic. The study urges health care institutions and government agencies to review emergency preparedness plans as flu season approaches.
A novel imaging probe has been developed to detect dangerous heart-valve infections, such as those caused by Staphylococcus aureus, noninvasively. The probe uses a radiolabeled version of prothrombin to reveal the presence of infected bacteria in mouse models.
The Canadian Institutes of Health Research has funded 25 policy-relevant research projects across six provinces to strengthen Canada's healthcare system. These projects will enable meaningful collaborations between researchers and decision makers to address health system challenges.
A study evaluating a command-directed casualty response system found improved survival rates among U.S. Army Rangers, with 92% of casualties surviving despite severe injuries from explosions and gunfire. The system's success is attributed to its integration of Tactical Combat Casualty Care guidelines and prehospital trauma registry.
A new tool, the Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS), predicts mortality risk in overweight and obese individuals with greater accuracy than current methods. The study found that higher EOSS scores were associated with increased mortality risk, even after adjusting for BMI and metabolic syndrome.
A wireless sensor network tracks at-risk patients' vital signs, transmitting data to a base station for analysis by machine-learning algorithms. The system aims to prevent adverse events by detecting changes in vital signs before they become critical.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new high-speed 3D imaging system based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology, enabling real-time visualization of microscopic features in the esophagus and colon. The system promises to improve cancer screening by detecting pre-cancerous changes and guiding endoscopic therapies.
A community hospital implemented a comprehensive CT radiation dose reduction program, reducing effective doses by up to 64% in certain protocols. The program's key strategies included ensuring proper scanner functionality, trained staff, monitoring, and education.
The DFG is establishing eight new Research Units to study bone metastases, test innovative models for water research, and explore synthesis technology. The funding supports diverse research fields, including elite education and dynamic growth societies.
A new study found that a global payment system in Massachusetts lowered medical spending by nearly 2% while improving the quality of patient care compared to traditional fee-for-service systems. The Alternative Quality Contract (AQC) model, which includes more than a third of Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts' provider network, s...
Researchers have developed a wireless power system that can power ventricular assist devices without a cord, reducing the risk of infection and improving patient quality of life. The system uses inductive power and has been shown to be efficient over medium distances, allowing patients to be free from cords for short periods.
The 'July Effect' is associated with increased patient mortality and lower efficiency in teaching hospitals. Researchers found that the sudden changeover of medical trainees leads to disruptions in established teams, resulting in longer hospital stays and surgical times.
A team of researchers at the Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology has identified thousands of gene products expressed in planarian flatworms, revealing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of regeneration. This study, which combined two existing sequencing methods, expands and refines planarian research.
Researchers developed a new technique for using multi-core chips more efficiently, enhancing computer models of biological systems by over seven-fold. This could impact areas like drug development and biofuel engineering.
The study presents promising results for the clinical use of a new integrated PET/MRI system, which provides diagnostic information on soft tissues and physiological functions. The technology has been shown to be comparable in detecting cancerous tumors as conventional PET/CT methods.
Researchers will study the effects of carbon tetrachloride and dichloroethylene on engineered liver tissue. The goal is to understand cell-and organ-wide effects of toxic substance mixtures, a crucial step in preventing chronic health problems.
Researchers found that clinicians created shadow processes to support their work when the computer system didn't meet their needs. Paper and pen workarounds were common, involving printed consultation notes or electronic spreadsheets outside of the electronic health record.
A new IOF position paper advocates for coordinator-based systems to optimize outcome in fragility fracture patients, improving diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. This approach has been shown to reduce the risk of fractures and save money in healthcare systems.
A new article suggests changes to compassionate release guidelines to address medical-related flaws, including the development of standardized guidelines and the assignment of advocates to help navigate the system. The authors propose palliative care for critically-ill prisoners awaiting decision on compassionate release or approval.
Three Virginia Tech researchers, T.M. Murali, Padma Rajagopalan, and Rich Helm, are developing innovative solutions to study inter-cellular signaling in complex environments. They aim to provide a comprehensive picture of how cells communicate to maintain their phenotypes and optimize functions.
Vaccine development for 'big three' diseases is being accelerated by new approaches like systems biology and structure-based antigen design. Systems biology enables the capture of massive biological data to predict vaccine behavior.
P&G is pioneering the 'Omics' revolution in beauty and grooming by applying genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics tools to map the entire biological system. This approach enables scientists to identify molecular pathways associated with common concerns in skin and hair biology.