Articles tagged with Research and Development
A promising artificial blood substitute has been developed using modified hemoglobin, effectively carrying oxygen and scavenging free radicals. The novel approach packaging hemoglobin in a benign envelope overcomes toxicity issues with traditional chemically modified hemoglobin.
The Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS) has developed the world's first full-size IBC bifacial solar module, capable of producing up to 400 Watts of electric power. The module features a double-glass structure, low-temperature interconnections, and high-efficiency ZEBRA solar cells.
A new study reveals that veterans with a history of physical or sexual abuse before 18 have reduced ability to concentrate compared to those without abuse. The study found abnormal brain connectivity, particularly between the amygdala and frontal areas, associated with concentration issues.
Researchers explore graphene's ability to enhance cyclic stability, flexibility, and power in energy storage applications. Graphene-based hybrids with conductive polymers and metal oxides demonstrate promising results for wearable and flexible devices.
A study of 365,380 NIH grants found that nearly 10% directly generate patents and over 30% cited by patents, emphasizing the critical role of publicly funded R&D in technological benefits.
Researchers have developed an adsorbent material from orange and grapefruit peels that can effectively remove heavy metals and organic compounds from wastewater. The new material has great potential as a sustainable alternative for industrial water treatment processes.
Tom Hobman's lab has been awarded $500,000 to investigate how the Zika virus changes host cells during infection and develop antiviral therapies. The team aims to understand the virus's persistence in the body and potentially block it to prevent transmission.
Researchers from IUPUI have developed a machine-learning model to predict the probability of home sales, utilizing data from real estate websites. The model accounts for various features such as price, location, age, and size, enabling informed decisions for both sellers and buyers.
Researchers at IU Center for Aging Research have developed a novel easy-to-administer tool to score and track delirium severity in the ICU, enabling clinicians to make better decisions about the brain health of ICU patients. The Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit 7 (CAM-ICU-7) scores delirium on a scale of 0 to 7 a...
A new study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that B vitamins can increase plasma concentrations of folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12, reducing the impact of air pollution on the epigenome. The results have significant public health implications for regions with frequent PM2.5 peaks.
The iMOVE CRC will focus on reducing congestion, fuel use and emissions, improving freight coordination, productivity and international competitiveness. QUT researchers will contribute to the development of smart solutions, including connected autonomous vehicles and traffic management.
A new biomechanical eye model mimics mechanical stress on peri-orbital skin, showing how aged cells don't respond well to blinking movement. The study highlights the impact of cyclic mechanical stress on collagen production, energy, and cellular proliferation.
Bruno Moonen advocates for a global commitment to support regional elimination efforts and sustained investments in research, while Clive Shiff suggests prioritizing the management of health services rather than massive eradication efforts due to funding constraints and resource limitations.
A recent study found that automated journalism lacks the context and complexity of traditional reporting, citing issues with programming news angles in advance. However, journalists believe robo-journalism can reduce costs and increase specificity in some reporting areas.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology found that uninitialized variables in Linux kernel can be used to launch privilege escalation attacks, giving attackers increased access to network resources. A novel attack method, targeted stack spraying, was developed to exploit these vulnerabilities.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture has announced funding for fundamental and applied research on canola to increase productivity and profitability in various growing environments. This $766,000 grant program aims to develop new commercial products from canola and improve production systems.
A study found that genetic variation impacts child development, with specific genes affecting attachment to mothers. Children with the short form of the SLC6A4 gene showed a strong response to maternal mentoring, while those with the long form were less affected.
Researchers have developed a transparent heating pad with embedded conductive silver nanowires that allows users to see through it and monitor their skin's color. The device is flexible, biocompatible, and can heat quickly when applied with a coin-cell battery, making it a potential solution to prevent burns from thermotherapy.
A team at the University of Tsukuba has created a novel approach to measure fluid drag on the body during front-crawl swimming, which overcomes previous limitations. The new method, utilizing load cells and underwater motion analysis, allows for accurate determination of active drag and comparison to passive drag states.
The Augsburg Master Builders' Ledgers provide a unique window into the economic, financial, social, and cultural history of the early modern period. The digital edition, made possible by three years of work, offers a comprehensive inventory of information on the city's income and expenditure from 1320 to 1800.
A University of Queensland-led study found that cars and chlamydia were the top causes of a 80% decline in south-east Queensland koalas over two decades. At least a quarter of healthy, breeding koalas died from car accidents, while half the population was affected by multiple diseases or health problems.
A new special section in Child Development outlines evidence-based interventions to support at-risk families and promote resilience among children. The focus is on nurturing primary caregivers, promoting positive parenting behaviors, and fostering self-regulation skills among parents and children.
Researchers have developed a new method to characterise internal structures of natural materials and replicate their interaction with light using 3D printing of ceramics. This technique enables the design of new materials with different functionalities dependent on need.
Gene drives have the potential to address persistent problems like eradicating mosquito-borne diseases and conserving endangered species. However, they also pose risks to entire ecosystems, highlighting the need for careful public engagement and regulatory policies.
Researchers developed a method called quasistatic cavity resonance (QSCR) that enables wireless power transmission throughout a room. This technology can charge multiple devices simultaneously, including smartphones, fans, and lights, using near-field standing magnetic waves.
A $2 million Gates Foundation grant will support the development of novel test protocols to accelerate the creation and deployment of next-generation vector control products. The project aims to improve the understanding of vector control approaches and produce better-informed products to combat malaria in Africa.
Researchers have developed TumbleBit, a computer protocol that enhances Bitcoin's anonymity by involving multiple parties in transactions. The system's three phases ensure a higher level of security and privacy for users.
Researchers developed a diagnostic test to identify patients with cardiac amyloidosis, a condition caused by abnormal protein deposits in the heart. The new test uses retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) to estimate the likelihood of ATTR amyloidosis in patients with congestive heart failure.
A new substance, SC83288, has been successfully used to treat severe malaria in humanised mice, killing the parasites in a short period of time. The substance was chemically modified from benzamidine derivatives to increase its effectiveness and tolerability without forfeiting its action against parasites.
Researchers at Durham University create a one-step method to produce flucytosine from naturally occurring cytosine, reducing production costs and improving availability in African countries. The new process has been successfully scaled up for manufacturing and could help lower the drug's cost.
A new project aims to develop a device that can accumulate and deliver unprecedentedly intense positron pulses. The goal is to investigate exotic states of matter and mixes of matter and antimatter, potentially opening up new areas of experimental research.
The researchers have developed an ultra-lightweight, highly powerful artificial muscle using rubber tubes and high-tensile fibers. It has a strength-to-weight ratio 5-10 times greater than conventional electric motors and hydraulic cylinders, making it suitable for tough robots that can handle strong external shocks and vibrations.
A collaborative effort to improve CFD methodologies for evaluating medical devices has developed two benchmark models with robust experimental data. The study shows that 57% of simulation predictions were within one standard deviation of measured values, but more work is needed to develop widely-acceptable hemolysis solvers.
The National Institute of Food and Agriculture is investing $1.85 million in regional potato breeding research to create new, high-value varieties. The project aims to develop potatoes with improved yield, storability, consumer quality, and water efficiency, as well as high-throughput methods for rapid trait selection.
Researchers at DGIST have developed a technology to coat metals with several nanometers of semiconducting materials, enabling various color changes through thin-film interference. This breakthrough allows for the production of colors such as yellow, orange, blue, and purple on demand.
A company's failed attempt to bring jamming-based robotic gripper technology to market provides valuable insights into the challenges of product development and commercialization. The authors share their research and product design efforts, highlighting key factors that influenced customer purchasing decisions.
Chemists at UTA are developing new methods to synthesize organosilanes, a class of compounds in high demand for pharmaceutical and medical applications. The goal is to provide fast, cost-effective routes to these compounds using single-pot synthesis with transition metal catalysts.
A new special section of Child Development explores the developmental course of violent offending, including factors such as emotion regulation skills and judgment. The research aims to inform novel practices and policies to prevent severe youth violence.
Scientists at InSilico Medicine developed a proof-of-concept AI model using Generative Adversarial Autoencoders (AAEs) to generate molecular fingerprints of cancer-killing molecules. The study demonstrates the potential for AI to accelerate pharmaceutical R&D and improve clinical trial success rates.
A team of scientists has created a device that screens breath samples to classify and diagnose several types of diseases, including kidney cancer and Parkinson's disease. The breathalyzer uses an array of nanoscale sensors to detect unique volatile chemical components in exhaled breath.
The USDA has awarded $3.4 million to seven research projects aimed at developing new wheat varieties with improved yield and adaptability to different regions. These grants will support international collaboration on wheat research and help meet growing demand for wheat worldwide.
A new study reveals that experiencing cultural distinctiveness can broaden an individual's definition of 'home' to include related cultural groups. This expansion allows consumers to fulfill the need to connect with their home culture by favoring brands associated with a related group.
A Disney Research team has developed a model-based method to realistically reconstruct teeth for digital actors and medical applications, even with obscured teeth in photos or videos. The new method uses statistical modeling to create natural variations in tooth shape and spacing.
The PolyU-Huawei Joint Laboratory focuses on high-capacity optical communication systems, computer networks, and big data computing to pioneer research in optical communication systems. This collaboration aims to develop system infrastructure and algorithmic solutions for computing-driven innovation.
A new portable use-of-force simulator, CBTsim, is being rolled out by Washington State University to launch a science-driven era in police training. The device projects realistic video scenarios where officers must make rapid decisions in tense situations, tracking every movement and action.
The use of frailty screening initiatives before surgery has been shown to reduce the risk of death among elderly patients. The study found that mortality rates decreased by 70% and 19% at 30 and 180 days, respectively, after implementation of the initiative.
A study published in Developmental Psychology found that students who experienced occasional negative moods had the highest GPAs at graduation, while those with high levels of negative moods and low positive moods tended to have lower GPAs. This suggests that managing negative emotions and stress is crucial for academic success.
Researchers at Waseda University have created a polymer that can store hydrogen in a light and compact sheet, while maintaining safety. The material has shown promise in releasing hydrogen under mild conditions, making it suitable for widespread commercialization.
Researchers developed bio-signal measuring electrodes that can be mounted on IoT devices, allowing for easy health diagnosis without additional equipment. The electrodes can measure brain waves, electrocardiograms, and other biological signals, and are expected to be applicable to medical fields.
A University of Missouri research team has developed enhanced piezoelectric sensors that can amplify signals, cut costs, and improve reading accuracy. The new technology has wide applications in aviation, detecting structural damage in buildings and bridges, and boosting the capabilities of health monitors.
A new special section investigates how human motivations drive children's prosocial behavior, including empathy, sharing, and helping. The study reveals that children's cardiac patterns can predict their empathetic responses to others.
An international team of researchers visualized the process by which plants split water to produce oxygen using X-ray free-electron laser technology. This breakthrough enables the study of oxygen molecule formation and paves the way for the development of efficient clean hydrogen fuel devices.
Disney Research's CANVAS and Story World Builder tools help authors synchronize characters, fill plot holes, and create virtual worlds. These graphical platforms simplify the creation of story worlds, making it possible for anyone to tell an animated story.
The need for innovation is driving a surge in global research funding, with governments investing heavily to secure economic growth and sustainability. Nations are racing to keep up, with Asia experiencing significant growth in research spending.
The Carl R. Woese Institute has received a $100,000 Grand Challenges Explorations Grant to study antimicrobial resistance in mobile microbiomes. The research aims to better understand how AMR genes spread in different environments and develop targeted measures to slow its transmission.
Researchers have developed a portable, battery-operated device that can quickly and accurately detect malaria in the bloodstream using magnets and lasers. The Magneto-Optical Detector (MOD) has the potential to save $1.2 billion annually on anti-malaria efforts by reducing false positives and negatives.
Research and patents in biotechnology are increasing steadily across the developing world, with international collaborations playing a key role. The report highlights the growth of biotech papers from sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in infectious diseases research.
Kathryn Colborn's project aims to develop an automated early warning system for malaria transmission in Mozambique. The system will use novel statistical models and online tools to predict future monthly case rates, helping the Ministry of Health with prevention planning.
Researchers developed a new electroactive polymer material that can change shape and size with low electric fields, overcoming two major challenges in using dielectric elastomers. This breakthrough opens up applications in microrobotics, haptic technologies, and wearable devices.
New research reveals that toxic proteins in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's spread through the brain via synapses, with genetic risk factors playing a critical role. Understanding this mechanism opens new perspectives for treatment and potential therapeutic avenues to block protein transmission.