Articles tagged with Research and Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Screening for suicidal thoughts and behaviors decreases with patient age, especially in those over 85. Younger and middle-aged adults have higher rates of identified suicidal thoughts.
Researchers successfully created conditions for a fusion yield five times higher than current record using the OMEGA laser. The direct-drive approach, used by LLE scientists, is promising for achieving fusion as an energy source.
A $15.4 million initiative co-led by Johns Hopkins and Salk aims to improve the quality of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology for studying mental health disorders. The project will use iPSCs from over 50 patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder to develop new diagnostic and drug discovery tools.
Researchers at UTA are developing novel catalysts using metal ions to activate simple hydrocarbons and produce more complex molecules. A new portable sensor is also being developed to detect specific gaseous molecules in plant product storage facilities.
Researchers have developed a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly white LED using graphene and a strontium-based metal-organic framework material. The new technology could save nearly 348 terawatt-hours of energy by 2027, equivalent to the annual output of 44 power plants.
The University of Nebraska-Lincoln has received an $11.3 million grant from the NIH to establish a research center on biomolecular communication. The center aims to investigate cellular-level miscommunications that contribute to complex diseases.
The five finalist projects at Brookhaven National Laboratory are the MoSoy Catalyst for producing hydrogen, Nanostructured Anti-reflecting and Water-repellent Surface Coatings for self-cleaning materials, Hard X-ray Scanning Microscope with Multilayer Laue Lens Nanofocusing Optics for high-resolution imaging, Flex Plate for protein cry...
The University of Oklahoma and Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University have been selected to lead the FAA's new Air Transportation Center of Excellence. The center will focus on researching innovative training methods, including part-task training, modeling, and adaptive learning technologies.
Researchers at the University of Missouri found that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals from hydraulic fracturing may harm fertility in animals and potentially people. Mice exposed to drilling chemicals had lower levels of key hormones related to reproductive health, leading to reduced fertility.
Researchers combined satellite data with machine learning to estimate poverty levels, outperforming nightlight models by 81% and 99%. The new method uses publicly available daytime satellite data, is repeatable, and inexpensive, offering a more accurate means to identify impoverished areas.
A team of researchers created a highly stretchable touchpad made of hydrogel, enabling users to write words and play electronic games. The device was tested with users placing it on their arms, demonstrating its potential applications in wearable technology.
The Reaxys PhD Prize has shortlisted 10 candidates from 45 nominations, who will present their research in London and compete for the top three prizes. The jury's review criteria include originality, innovation, applicability, importance, and rigor of the reported research.
The Alaska Native and American Indian Peoples Health Disparities Research Center will address significant health gaps in these communities. It provides training, research opportunities and project funds to scientists working with indigenous people.
Researchers at Charité are developing a personalized virtual brain model using big data and advanced simulations. They aim to improve our understanding of cognitive performance by analyzing the interaction between individual brain components.
Zeriscope enables comprehensive assessment of SNF patients by off-site physicians, reducing unnecessary hospital readmissions. The platform allows for high-definition real-time streaming video and physiologic sensor data, improving patient care and outcomes.
Researchers developed a micro-scale twisted optics technique to store more information in light, enabling faster data transmission. The method uses angled light and strategically placed germanium layers to guide waves unidirectionally through a micro-ring.
An online behavioural counselling tool has been shown to be effective in helping people lose weight and sustain weight loss. Participants who used the Positive Online Weight Reduction (POWeR+) programme with brief support from a practice nurse lost more weight than those without, with an average weight loss of over 1kg over 12 months.
Disney Research's new adaptive polynomial rendering method improves Monte Carlo ray tracing by varying polynomial functions based on image complexity, reducing noise and preserving fine detail.
A single camera can capture high-quality facial performance using a new method developed by Disney Research, which takes into account the underlying facial anatomy and skin thickness. This approach allows for robust and accurate tracking of facial expressions without requiring multiple cameras or extensive pre-computed facial motions.
A new technique developed by Disney Research can capture the crucial details of the eyes with just a single facial scan, producing highly realistic eye reconstructions. The parametric model enables flexible manipulation of the captured data to simulate emotions and fatigue.
The new compiler system allows users to program industrial knitting machines with simple shapes and translate them into needle-level instructions. This enables the creation of a variety of 3D knitted shapes, previously difficult to produce due to complex machine control.
A computational design tool developed by Disney Research enables users to create delicate, yet structurally sound, 3D objects with interconnected shapes. The tool helps identify and strengthen weak areas in the designs, making it possible for the general public to create beautiful artifacts that also withstand handling and shipping.
A carrot and stick approach to workplace safety may not be effective, instead, QUT researcher Dr Jason Edwards is working on a new strategy that combines educative and directive methods to promote safety excellence. This research aims to develop evidence-based strategies to reduce productivity losses due to injuries and illnesses.
Researchers at WSU have developed a multifunctional smart material with shape memory behavior, light-activated movement, and self-healing properties. The material can fold, unfold, remember its shape, and heal itself in response to heat or light.
A new study at CU Anschutz Medical Campus shows a program pairing junior faculty with seasoned mentors can significantly increase grants won. The Clinical Faculty Scholars Program helped participants win about four times as many grants as those who didn't take the course, with mean annual dollars increasing from $27,343 to $83,427.
Researchers tested facial recognition algorithms on a dataset of one million images from around the world and found that accuracy rates dropped significantly when confronted with more distractions. Google's FaceNet performed strongest, but other algorithms struggled to maintain high accuracy rates at scale.
Experts warn that crop yields will decline within a decade unless new and improved varieties are developed and adopted by farmers immediately. The research highlights the impact of temperature increases on crop duration, which can lead to reduced biomass and yield.
Researchers developed a model to analyze online support for ISIS, identifying key behavioral patterns and predicting the onset of major violent events. The study found that pro-ISIS groups can adapt and regroup under different names, making them challenging to track.
Arizona State University is developing a diagnostic test to measure absorbed radiation in individuals during a nuclear incident. The ASU Radiation Biodosimetry System (ARad) uses real-time quantitative PCR-based technology to estimate absorbed radiation.
A new €5 million European project aims to transform care for patients with multimorbid chronic conditions by developing a cloud-based system called C3-Cloud. The system will enable personalized treatment plans and improve coordination of care among hospitals, general practitioners, and social care organizations.
A new special section of Child Development journal investigates how children learn cultural norms through imitation, social interaction, and emotional expression. The research reveals a consistent set of tools across multiple cultural settings, with children 'overimitating' culturally appropriate behavior.
Researchers investigated late mortality rates among sepsis survivors and found a high rate of death within two years. The study suggests that pre-existing health conditions do not explain the increased risk of late death after sepsis, implying that treatments may be more effective than previously thought.
Retailers can boost profits by 7-10% by using higher prices with occasional sales for fashionable goods, according to a new study. The approach works because high-value customers are willing to pay more to avoid regret over not buying now, while lower-priced items attract price-conscious customers.
A new PLOS Medicine article highlights the need for strengthened national health systems, consolidated global emergency response activities, and enhanced research and development to prevent and respond to future infectious disease threats. The study's authors emphasize that system-wide accountability and continuous oversight are crucia...
The conference features research on mitral and tricuspid valve interventions, new devices for percutaneous coronary interventions, and approaches to treat heart failure and stroke. Key findings highlight the potential of TAVI for low-risk patients and the impact of recent trials on clinical practice.
Researchers developed a platform for autonomous aerial refueling of UAVs, utilizing binocular vision-based sensor and navigation system. The system allows the tanker UAV to capture images of the receiver UAV and estimate its pose, then control the boom towards the receptacle for refueling.
Researchers developed a rapid diagnostic method for Niemann-Pick disease type C using bile acid measurement in biological fluids. Early diagnosis is critical to limit neurological damage and treatment should be initiated promptly.
Researchers at the University of Oregon found that manipulating a cellular signaling network in mice can help understand how heart valves initially form. The study revealed that Wnt/beta-catenin signaling enables transitions between stages of valve development, controlling growth and size.
Robert Smith, a UM computer science assistant professor, was awarded a CAREER grant from the National Science Foundation to develop new analysis techniques for mass spectrometry. This advancement may lead to breakthroughs in fields like medical diagnostics, drug development, and research into Alzheimer's disease.
A team of scientists from Queen's University Belfast is collaborating on a novel gene therapy approach to reverse diabetes-linked blood vessel damage to the retina. The research aims to prevent disease progression and restore visual function, addressing a global challenge affecting over 90 million people.
Scientists analyzed ancient ocean sediments to reconstruct past CO2 levels, finding that elevated CO2 led to the early Eocene epoch's extreme warmth and subsequent cooling. The study provides insights into understanding ancient climate and predicting future climate change.
A new study from Harvard predicts that regions of the US could experience up to nine additional days of unhealthy ozone levels per year by 2050. Global climate change is expected to exacerbate heat waves and increase ozone episodes.
The Maine Algal Research and Innovation Accelerator (MARIA) will be a center for developing universal algal standards, exploring new and varied ways that algae could be incorporated into products. MARIA aims to accelerate innovation in natural products created using micro and macro algae.
A study published in Addiction found that almost half of all drinking occasions in the UK involve moderate, relaxed drinking at home. Meanwhile, groups of friends often move between home and pub drinking, consuming high amounts of alcohol. The research reveals a complex picture of British drinking culture, challenging common stereotypes.
A data sharing pilot project will report and reflect on data policy challenges in development research. The project, which involves 8 case studies, aims to develop a model open research data policy and implementation guidelines for funders.
UTARI researcher Endel Iarve will lead a three-year project to predict the strength and life of rotor blade assemblies using discrete damage modeling. The goal is to extend advanced computational techniques to larger aircraft structures, improving life prediction in rotorcraft structures.
Dr. Harissios Vliagoftis has been appointed as the GSK-CIHR Chair in Airway Inflammation, focusing on protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) research to help patients with asthma breathe easier. His work aims to develop biomarkers and treatments that can minimize discomfort and side effects.
The Journal of Dairy Science has expanded its article collections to include six new subject areas, including Tail Docking, Listeria monocytogenes and Dairy Products, and Casein. ADSA members can access full content through individual membership or institutional subscription.
A new method has been developed by HKU astronomers to estimate more accurate distances between planetary nebulae and the Earth. The technique uses three sets of data, including object size, brightness, and dimming, to create a robust distance scale that can provide distances accurate to 20 percent.
ATLAS project aims to break performance and cost barriers in inertial sensors using atomic frequency reference and MEMS Coriolis Gyroscope. The goal is to achieve robust GPS-independent navigation and guidance for the US military.
Scientists at ETH Zurich and IBM Research have developed a new method to manufacture micro-objects with precisely defined magnetic, non-magnetic and differently charged areas. The technique enables the creation of small rods, tiny triangles and basic three-dimensional objects.
A Penn State psychologist argues that big data can enhance our understanding of human development by aggregating empirical work from multiple investigators. This approach could also enable personalized medicine and wearable data-collection with more accurate results.
A new study by MIT economists suggests that increasing research and development (R&D) funding for clean energy technologies is crucial to hasten the transition to a greener economy. The researchers propose a policy framework that combines R&D subsidies with a carbon tax to make clean energy more economically competitive.
A new analytical model for e-sports has been developed by researchers, enabling the prediction of game outcomes and analysis of individual player performances. The model generates detailed statistics about players' behavior, helping game developers understand recurring patterns in their performance and discover ways to improve the game.
The European Solar Telescope (EST) has been selected for a strategic scientific installation in Europe, aimed at studying solar phenomena with unprecedented accuracy. The four-meter diameter telescope will enable researchers to understand the magnetic activity of the sun and violent eruptions affecting terrestrial communications.
A team of researchers is developing a new mooring system for floating offshore wind turbines that uses an integrated network of anchors and lines to hold dozens or even hundreds of turbines in place. This proposed system aims to save money and require fewer anchors and geotechnical site investigations.
A new review proposes using cheap and quick point-of-care tests to measure beta-amyloid levels in the blood, enabling doctors to deliver personalized care and improving patients' quality of life. The tests could be especially beneficial for patients in developing countries where access to healthcare is limited.
The NREC has been selected for four major federal research projects totaling over $11 million, focusing on topics such as automated stress testing and transformative wheel technology. The center anticipates hiring additional staff to augment its existing team of around 100 researchers.
Satish Nadig, a promising young researcher, has received the National Institutes of Health's Mentored Clinical Scientist Research Career Development Award. The $580,000 grant will support his three-year study on targeted drug delivery for organ transplantation, aiming to minimize harmful effects of immunosuppressant therapy.
The Zika virus has been linked to neurological diseases, with estimated 1.5 million cases reported so far. Researchers are urging a rigorous approach to understanding the effects of the virus and developing treatment measures.