Articles tagged with Research and Development
A recent study by Duke Cancer Institute found that ACA Medicaid expansion significantly reduced uninsured rates among white patients and those living in higher-income areas, but had little impact on black patients and residents of high-poverty areas. In contrast, states without expanded Medicaid saw a decline in uninsured rates primari...
Researchers at SMU develop an assessment system to measure mathematical reasoning skills in grades K-2, helping teachers identify struggling students and provide targeted support. The Measures of Mathematical Reasoning Skills system has the potential to drive effort to intervene early and improve US students' math achievement.
Researchers from UC San Diego showcase self-folding robots, robotic endoscopes, and improved computer vision techniques to enhance human-robot collaboration. The conference focuses on developing friendly robots that can work effectively with humans in various domains.
Researchers developed a predictive model to estimate the number of successful cyber intrusions, which found that internal security policies and network access patterns are strong predictors. The model's accuracy was improved by analyzing regression results and demonstrated the feasibility of constructing a practical predictive model.
The University of Science and Technology (UNIST) has developed a self-powered tracking device capable of monitoring wild bird migration routes. The device will be used to predict bird flu outbreaks by compiling vast amounts of data into risk maps using data visualization techniques.
A recent study reveals that nearly half a million monk parakeets were imported into Mexico over five years, leading to rapid expansion across the country. The species was declared an invasive species in 2016, highlighting the need for management steps.
Researchers developed a new way to assess and predict facial expressions of movie-goers using factorized variational autoencoders (FVAEs). The method demonstrates a surprising ability to reliably predict viewers' facial expressions for the remainder of the movie after just a few minutes of observation.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology found potential technology-based solutions to replace 13 out of 14 scarce metals with carbon nanomaterials. Carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene, have similar properties to metals and can be used in various applications, including electronics and plastics.
A researcher at University of Akron is helping NASA develop smart satellites that can recognize environmental threats and complete tasks automatically. The goal is to reduce the need for real-time predictions and enable more efficient space exploration.
A new app developed by Carnegie Mellon University researchers allows users to control access to third-party libraries, which helps app developers make money by targeting people with ads or compiling marketing profiles. This approach promises to be an effective way of limiting the unwanted release of personal information.
A new scoring tool, G-TRUST, evaluates guideline trustworthiness and identifies useful practice guidelines. The tool's reliability needs to be researched, especially when used with technology like smartphone applications.
A Northeastern research team has developed a method for loading DNA into sequencing wells, increasing efficiency by orders of magnitude. The technology uses nanopores to attract larger DNA segments, enabling the sequencing of longer molecules.
Dr. Philip Perconti, ARL Director, emphasizes the importance of innovation in basic research, highlighting recent successes in micro-autonomous systems and technology. He also discusses the Laboratory's Open Campus initiative, a collaborative framework that fosters mutual reliance and interdependent research.
A new tool, G-TRUST, has been developed to help clinicians identify trustworthy and relevant practice guidelines. The eight-item checklist assesses guideline quality based on expert consensus, identifying low-quality guidelines and disqualifying high-quality ones.
The system uses cameras and AI to detect hand movements deviating from normal driving behavior, grading them for possible safety threats. Researchers hope the technology will reduce traffic accidents caused by distracted drivers, a major contributor to global crashes.
Wiley will publish two journals, Journal of Consumer Psychology and Consumer Psychology Review, serving consumer psychology research. Both journals focus on advancing the discipline in a global community.
Assistant Professor Julien van Grevenynghe at INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier Research Centre has received a $25,000 award to further his research on autophagy in HIV infection. The Banting Research Foundation recognizes the potential of his work to strengthen the immune system and develop effective HIV vaccines.
A new technique allows investigators to analyze individual user behavior from network traffic metadata, reducing the reliance on IP addresses and enhancing cyber security. The approach achieved average recognition rates of 90% in tests involving 46 users.
A new assessment predicts fracture risk for patients in long-term care, identifying key factors such as age, mobility, and cognitive impairment. The tool has the potential to standardize fracture prevention efforts and save lives among nursing home residents.
Researchers matched microscopic quartz grains to their desert source using cathodeluminescence spectral analysis. This method revealed the heterogeneity in grains, shedding light on the pathways and effects of long-distance airborne dust.
The Army-led Micro Autonomous Systems and Technology (MAST) Collaborative Technology Alliance has demonstrated futuristic robotic research platforms, showcasing state-of-the-art benchmarks. The program aims to develop small autonomous robots for collaborative operation with large systems in complex environments.
Peter Vitiello receives NIH grant to investigate oxygen-sensitive molecules influencing lung growth in premature infants. The research aims to reduce the burden of lasting lung disease, which can have life-long effects.
A study by Hugo Delile and colleagues used high-resolution geochemical and isotopic analyses to reconstruct Rome's urban development. The analysis of a sediment core from Ostia harbor revealed the installation of ancient Rome's lead pipe system was around 2nd century BC, with a peak during the early-high Imperial period.
MIT researchers developed a system that uses drones to relay RFID signals, allowing for accurate location tracking of inventory items. The system can be used for continuous monitoring and resolving mismatches between inventory records and stock levels, potentially saving retailers billions lost due to errors.
Researchers at the University of Surrey have developed a new approach to deliver immersive audio experiences by utilizing all available devices in a living room, such as laptops and wireless mini-speakers. The 'Media Device Orchestration' concept enables users to enjoy spatial audio in a more immersive and multi-layered way.
Scientists at University of Pittsburgh create vascularized pancreatic islet organoids using human pluripotent stem cells, offering potential treatment for Type I Diabetes. The innovative approach involves implanting blood vessel fragments into the islets before transplantation.
A new study uses high-resolution geospatial modeling to quantify the effects of urban infrastructures on US rivers and streams. The research found that urban land transformation and electricity production together affect seven percent of U.S. streams, influencing habitats for over 60 percent of North American freshwater fish species.
Researchers at NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases have developed a laboratory model to study tick-borne flaviviruses, including Powassan virus. The new model involves culturing organs from Ixodes scapularis ticks with flaviviruses, which can infect salivary glands and midgut.
HRL Laboratories has received a NASA award to develop additive manufactured ceramic rocket engine components. The company's technique combines polymer additive manufacturing with high-temperature ceramics, enabling new designs, lower costs, and reduced lead time.
Researchers created a new model that better describes the behavior of ceramic materials under impact stress, improving prediction of resistance to deep penetration. The improved model reduces the need for expensive experiments, guiding material design and multi-materials systems approaches.
The Privileged Sensing Framework proposes integrating human and autonomous agents based on individual characteristics. The framework improves joint human-autonomy performance without sacrificing human strengths.
Researchers found that plants growing in dry climates have higher concentrations of leaf wax, a natural protective barrier. The team bred winter wheat cultivars with increased wax production, which enabled them to tolerate drought and produce high yields.
A new machine learning program developed by researchers at Case Western Reserve University appears to outperform other methods for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease before symptoms begin. The program integrates various indicators of the disease, including mild cognitive impairment, to predict who has Alzheimer's and those with mild cognit...
A team of researchers developed a machine-learning algorithm to identify counterfeit products by analyzing microscopic characteristics. The system achieved an accuracy rate of over 98%, enabling non-invasive verification of product authenticity.
Researchers are studying how people's beliefs change over time, comparing German and American respondents. They will analyze questionnaire data and conduct in-depth interviews to document changes in religiosity and worldviews.
A recent study published in Obesity Open Access found that supplementing with capsicum extract increased metabolic rate by 116 calories per day, equivalent to burning an extra 1 lb. of fat over 30 days. This natural approach supports healthy body composition and weight management as we age.
A team at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia has developed an asphalt mixture with encapsulated cigarette butts, reducing thermal conductivity and handling heavy traffic. The innovation could solve a huge waste problem while also mitigating the urban heat island effect common in cities.
HRL Laboratories has developed a reversible alkali atom source that runs at low power and low voltage, enabling smaller and more efficient atomic clocks. The device can capture and cool rubidium atoms near absolute zero, reducing measurement noise and increasing accuracy.
Animals use color in diverse ways, including for reproduction and predator-prey interactions, with species-specific purposes in mind. Mantis shrimp have four times as many colour receptors as humans, allowing them to perceive ultraviolet light.
A new method for monitoring organ transplant patients has been developed using a combination of DNA sequencing and computer science techniques. The method, which detects cell-free DNA in the bloodstream, can predict organ rejection with accuracy similar to that of biopsies.
Researchers studied cicada wings to understand their water-repelling ability, discovering that habitat is not a good predictor of superhydrophobicity. The team found that life cycles and species relatedness are better predictors of this extreme water-repelling ability.
Disney Research's method enables artists to design articulated, physical versions of animated characters with desired motions and poses. The team demonstrated their approach by designing a 2D puppet-like character and a gripper that can pick up light objects.
A computational design tool developed by Disney Research enables the creation of compliant mechanisms through flexibility, offering potential advantages in industry. The tool optimizes device performance while ensuring robustness and reducing strains.
A University of Houston researcher is developing a system that would allow security cameras to recognize and send an alert at the first sign of a threat to public safety. The project uses video analytics to build mathematical models that reflect human behavior and predict deviations from the norm.
A research team at KAIST developed diagnostic sensors using protein-encapsulated nanocatalysts to analyze human exhaled breath and diagnose diseases. The sensors achieved high sensitivity and selectivity, detecting biomarker gases related to diseases with improved performance compared to conventional platinum-based catalysts.
A new clinical decision rule uses point scores and C-reactive protein to diagnose acute rhinosinusitis with good accuracy. The rule successfully identifies patients at low risk for bacterial infection, leading to more conservative use of antibiotics.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a systematic method for comparing the accuracy of different types of simulation models for predicting extreme events. The study found that nonparametric methods are more flexible but limited to small dimensions, while parametric methods can handle higher-dimensional problems but are sensitive to errors.
Gonorrhea is a growing global health crisis with over 60% of countries reporting resistance to last-resort treatments. Gardp and Entasis partner on zoliflodacin, a novel first-in-class oral antibiotic with potent activity against drug-resistant strains.
UNIST has received a $4.5 million ITRC project grant to develop a self-charging tracking device that can monitor wild birds and detect potential bird flu outbreaks. The new technology, called Mobile Tracker, is expected to provide early warnings and aid public health officials in preventing the spread of disease.
Researchers developed a new tool called FLARE to label neurons during specific tasks, providing greater temporal precision than current cell-labeling techniques. This approach could offer significant insights into neuron function and be used to study learning and memory, emotions, and diseases like Alzheimer's.
Insilico Medicine will showcase its latest AI advancements in aging research and personal health data management. The company aims to apply deep learning to improve biomarker development, predict chronological age, and provide geroprotectors for various diseases.
A new study reveals that US scientific teams still publish more biomedical research discoveries than any other country, but China's rising investment is slowly closing the gap. Chinese teams now rank fourth globally for new discoveries published in top-tier journals.
Dr Jason Camp is investigating a non-toxic and environmentally sustainable solvent produced from waste cellulose to produce a range of medicines. His research has shown promising results using Cyrene as a solvent in the synthesis of ureas, chemical compounds important in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.
Researchers at University of Washington develop SeaGlass to detect anomalies in cellular landscape indicating IMSI-catchers usage. The system identified dozens of anomalies consistent with patterns from cell-site simulators during a two-month deployment in Seattle and Milwaukee.
A team of researchers at Wayne State University has received a $500,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to develop an open-source Monte Carlo simulation engine that can efficiently simulate complex systems. This project aims to improve computational efficiency and accelerate the development of new materials.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a handheld device for cervical cancer screening that can capture images of the cervix without a speculum or trained professional. The 'pocket colposcope' is designed to be low-cost, accessible, and potentially self-screening.
This review article showcases the potential of biomass and its derived wastes in producing sustainable bioproducts and fuels. The authors highlight various conversion processes, including bioethanol, biodiesel, and biomethane production, as well as activated carbon manufacturing from bioresources.
The University of Strathclyde researchers have developed a highly efficient laser amplifier using plasma, achieving an amplification gain of over eight orders of magnitude. This breakthrough could lead to the development of ultra-intense and ultra-short laser pulses at a lower cost.
A study by a multi-national research team, including scientists from the US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, explains how Zika virus entered the US and how it might re-enter the country. They used near real-time genomic sequencing to create a family tree showing the virus's spread through space and time.
A research team has identified the HAND2 gene as a key regulator that triggers the formation of cardiac valves in mouse embryos. This discovery advances our molecular knowledge of cardiac valve development and may also help provide genetic diagnosis for patients with congenital heart malformations.