Articles tagged with Research and Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Estée Lauder Companies presents research on autophagy's role in skin aging, as well as the impact of ozone pollution and blue light on skin cells. This study reveals that exposure to blue light at night can disrupt circadian rhythm and accelerate skin aging.
Researchers at UBC's Okanagan campus have developed a new method to measure phytocannabinoids, leading to faster, safer and more accurate information for producers and regulators. The new method can test for over 100 phytocannabinoid variants in under 7 minutes.
A new camera system is tracking Antarctic penguin breeding and population dynamics, providing a low-cost window into the health of the ecosystem. The network includes 51 cameras across Antarctica's Peninsula and Islands, monitoring three species of penguins with high accuracy.
Researchers discuss traditional Chinese medicine approaches for cardiovascular disease, including acupuncture, moxibustion, Qigong, and Tai Chi. They highlight the need for modern TCM research into active ingredients and their applications.
Novices organize mental models based on natural language connections, while journeymen rely on procedural connections. Expert mental models display abstract connections and subnetworks as they gain expertise. This study has potential applications for training programs and game design.
New research from the University of Notre Dame shows that firms can protect their intellectual property by operating regionally through downstream commercialization activities. This approach helps substitute weak country-level protection with complementary assets offered at the regional level, creating barriers to imitation for competi...
Research suggests that the volume of carbohydrates, proteins, and calories consumed by very low birthweight preemies significantly contributes to increased brain volume and white matter development. However, specific nutritional approaches to support these infants' developing brains require further investigation.
A new state-by-state analysis reveals US government investment in global health research and development generates considerable economic benefits, creating jobs and injecting millions of dollars into local economies. The study also highlights the dangers of ignoring neglected diseases in an increasingly interconnected world.
Researchers have discovered that formate supplementation can prevent most neural tube defects in mice that are resistant to folic acid treatment. The study found that disrupting formate synthesis was linked to the development of these defects, and that providing pregnant mice with extra formate could prevent them. These findings offer ...
A Northwestern University research team has developed a new semiconductor device that can detect gamma rays and identify radioactive isotopes at room temperature. The device, made of cesium lead bromide, offers high spectral resolution and can be scaled up for widespread use in biomedical imaging, astronomy, and spectroscopy.
The UNC-Chapel Hill-led Clinical and Translational Science Award Program will broaden its reach across North Carolina by continuing its alliance with RTI International and NC A&T State University and adding a formal partnership with North Carolina State University. The grant will support the advancement of clinical and translational re...
Researchers from Dartmouth College introduced two smartwatch innovations, WrisText and Jetto, designed to enhance the overall user experience. WrisText enables one-handed text entry using wrist gestures, while Jetto provides immersive interaction through lateral force feedback, blurring the lines between physical and virtual worlds.
A four-year grant will support the Program on Water, Health & Development (WHD) in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Ethiopia and Uganda. WHD aims to develop concrete plans for expanding water services to all residents within a target district, guided by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.
The American College of Physicians is calling for a revised approach to performance measurement, citing 32 valid and 30 invalid measures in Medicare's MIPS program. The ACP analyzed 86 performance measures and found that many were inadequately specified, leading to misclassification of high-quality care as low-quality care.
The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has developed an artificial intelligence technique that produces a visible face image from thermal images captured in low-light conditions. The technology leverages advanced domain adaptation techniques to enhance discriminability and recognition accuracy.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a technology to increase the stability of amine-containing adsorbents by fifty times. This advancement brings solid carbon dioxide adsorbents closer to commercialization and paves the way for efficient capture of greenhouse gases.
Research shows high-quality clone apps negatively affect original app downloads, while low-quality ones positively impact sales as they advertise the original, but with no significant competition.
Seven OU graduate students earned one-year fellowships to conduct research in aeroecology and environmental sustainability. The program aims to train interdisciplinary STEM leaders with effective research skills.
A KAIST team created a technology to print heat patterns on a micron scale for controlling biological activities remotely. They achieved this by integrating precision inkjet printing with bio-functional thermo-plasmonic nanoparticles.
Researchers have developed a polymer-based material that stiffens and changes color, mimicking the dynamic properties of skin. The material combines rigid-while-flexible and soft-while-stiff properties, shifting towards blue or red colors when elongated or condensed.
Researchers captured microglia nibbling on brain synapses for the first time, showing they help synapses grow and rearrange. The findings suggest that microglia may actually strengthen synapses rather than weaken them.
Researchers at Tufts University developed miniaturized sensors that can detect nutrients, chemicals and physiological states, offering a non-invasive way to monitor dietary intake. The sensors, with a footprint of 2mm x 2mm, transmit data wirelessly in response to radiofrequency signals.
A team of researchers has developed an open-source, clinically validated template for a 3D printed stethoscope that can be created using recycled plastic and costs less than $3 to produce. The device has been shown to have the same acoustic quality as premium brand stethoscopes.
Cass Sunstein has made significant contributions to research in constitutional law, democratic theory, and behavioral economics. He was awarded the Holberg Prize for his work, which has had a far-reaching impact on public policy. Meanwhile, Norwegian political scientist Francesca R. Jensenius received the Nils Klim Prize for her outsta...
The EPA has shifted focus to high-throughput computational models to quickly identify chemicals that require more scrutiny, following a slow start in its previous approach. Researchers have made significant progress, including the development of estrogen and androgen receptor models.
A recent study by University of Delaware professors found that while interventions for stigma-based bullying have increased, their implementation and evaluation need improvement. The researchers suggest increasing the capacity of school health professionals to address LGBTQ bullying and developing strategies to reduce stereotypes and p...
A new study has developed an automated approach to select and seed teams for the NCAA March Madness basketball tournaments, providing an objective and unbiased starting point. The algorithm achieved high accuracy rates, matching 24 of 38 top teams in seeding and 89.6% being within two seeds of committee rankings.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University develop Nano-Drops, a technology that corrects refractive errors by modifying the corneal refractive index. The treatment involves laser stamping onto the cornea to create tiny spots for nanoparticles to enhance optical power.
Researchers at University of Plymouth are developing robots to work alongside farmers in Cornwall, ensuring availability gaps are filled and reducing manual labor costs. The 'ABC project' aims to create small, mobile machines that can perform tasks like harvesting, weeding, and pesticide application with increased efficiency and accuracy.
Researchers developed a new approach that uses a single PET scan to assess PD-L1 positive tumors, enabling personalized cancer treatment. The study demonstrates the feasibility of this non-invasive method, which may help guide treatment decisions and assess treatment response.
A new startup, Borês Technologies, is working on low-power-consumption electronics that will enable the haptic revolution in mobile technologies. The technology has the potential to change the way people interact with their electronic devices and with each other remotely.
Researchers at KAIST developed a hybrid energy storage device that can be charged in less than half a minute using aqueous electrolytes and graphene. The device facilitates rapid charging and high energy density, making it suitable for portable electronic devices.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute will collaborate with private sector companies and local transportation agencies to develop changes in freight demand patterns and reduce energy use. The project aims to test new ideas, collect data, and inform research on energy-efficient transportation technologies and systems.
The Russian National Technological Initiative aims to intensify heat transfer using nanomodified composite materials and nanostructures, aiming to remove high-density heat fluxes at low temperature differences.
The Estée Lauder Companies presents research on new anti-aging compounds, including hydroxypinacolone retinoate (HPR) that improves skin appearance without irritation. Caffeine enhances epidermal hydration by increasing the transepithelial electric potential and electro-osmosis.
The Rosalind Franklin Institute is investing £1.55m in a unique electron microscope that will allow researchers to visualize structures at near atomic scale in time and space. This technology will enable the development of new treatments for diseases such as cancer, malaria, and Alzheimer's.
Researchers at the University of Southern Denmark have developed a new method to rapidly transform the soft body of jellyfish into a crunchy treat. The technique, which uses ethanol, produces crispy jellyfish chips that could be of potential gastronomic interest.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a nonlinear optical crystal chip combining THz waves with microfluidic devices, enabling sensitive detection of low concentrations in small volumes. The technique has great potential for early disease detection and non-destructive analysis of living cells.
Researchers create conditions to test theoretical nuclear effect, capturing excited nuclei and gamma rays for the first time. This advance may improve understanding of star formation and creation of star elements.
The new CU Boulder e-skin has sensors embedded to measure pressure, temperature, humidity and air flow. It can be easily conformed to curved surfaces and is fully recyclable at room temperature, making it a valuable material for diverse medical, scientific and engineering fields.
The new microscope developed by SFU researchers allows for the study of molecular interactions under high forces and fast spinning speeds, revealing new insights into collagen stability. This breakthrough has significant implications for developing better treatments to prevent collagen degradation.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a novel analytical technique to visualize polymer chain growth in real-time. By combining magnetic tweezers, optical microscopy, and spectroscopic techniques, they discovered that individual polymer chains undergo consecutive wait-and-jump steps.
A team of UMass Lowell researchers has developed sensing fabrics with optical fibers and sensors to monitor structural health and integrity of vital infrastructures. These fabrics can detect cracks and strain early on, minimizing maintenance costs and environmental impacts.
A study by the University of Waterloo found that mixed-use developments in Toronto neighbourhoods led to increased costs and reduced social diversity, disproportionately affecting low-income groups. The study suggests that good policy, such as inclusionary zoning and affordable housing trusts, is needed to address these issues.
Researchers developed a novel probabilistic approach to mine big data, enabling the creation of an 'Optimal Information Network' (OIN) for assessing health outcomes in U.S. cities. The OIN identified poor and favorable health metrics, with some cities showing high variability over time.
The proposed integrated Materials Acceleration Platforms (MAPs) could cut the average time for developing a useful new material from 20 years down to one or two years. The report recommends six key areas to create these platforms, including self-driving laboratories, AI for materials discovery, and modular materials robotics.
The partnership between Rothamsted Research and Timac Agro UK aims to develop practical solutions for farmers through research, development, and real-life improvements. By investing in research and people, the collaboration seeks to create a flexible industry that provides innovative solutions for agriculture.
The DRIVE-AB consortium recommends a market entry reward of $1 billion per antibiotic globally to increase innovative antibiotic development and sustainable use. The report estimates up to 16-20 new antibiotics could be developed in the next 30 years, addressing priority pathogens identified by the WHO.
Aalto University researchers have developed a new work model that allocates caregivers to a shared pool, reducing the need for temporary agency staff by up to 60%. This approach has improved home care services and reduced carers' workload, enabling them to better respond to clients' needs.
Researchers have successfully implanted protons into iron-based superconductors, inducing bulk superconductivity with Tc at 20 K. Protonation also enhances Tc in FeS, overcoming the difficulty of lacking sensitive NMR isotopes.
Research suggests that cervical dilatation during labor for vaginal births can progress more slowly than the widely accepted benchmark of 1 cm/hour in many women. Women giving birth to their first child and progressing at the slowest rates may take up to 7 hours to reach full dilation.
Researchers developed the Situation awareness-based Agent Transparency model to enhance agent transparency, improving human-agent team performance. Higher levels of transparency led to better trust calibration and overall team effectiveness.
Researchers have created an environmentally friendly red light flare using a lithium-based pyrotechnic composition, avoiding hazardous elements like strontium and chlorinated organic materials. The new formulation shows high color quality and purity, and the team plans to further optimize its luminosity.
A new removable implant has been developed to control type 1 diabetes, with hundreds of thousands of islet cells protected by a thin hydrogel coating and attached to a polymer thread. This therapy could replace daily insulin injections and offer a more effective management solution for the disease.
A new drone system detects voices and sounds from disaster victims through background noise, helping rescue teams locate them faster. The system combines microphone array technology, sound source localization, and automatic speech recognition.
A Penn State research group extended its food safety training program to Armenia, showing significant improvements in students' knowledge, behavior, and attitudes towards food safety. The project aims to replicate the program in Ukraine, Africa, and Latin America to combat global foodborne illness.
Researchers developed a human agent's opinion model to make decisions by aggregating evidence under uncertainty. A small fraction of agents propagating true information can significantly help mitigate false information propagation, making it an important national security problem.
The Gulf Research Program aims to develop new technologies to improve understanding and management of systemic risk in offshore oil and gas operations. The program focuses on addressing the risks associated with hydrocarbon releases, which pose threats to human health, safety, environment, and infrastructure.
A US Army Research Laboratory researcher has won a best paper award at an internet conference in Thailand for his work on NDN fuzzy interest forwarding. The technique enables discovery and retrieval of data using approximate knowledge of the data namespace, alleviating the need for exacting name matching.
A team of Army scientists published new findings on modeling insights into battery electrolyte structure and stability, highlighting the importance of tailoring electrolytes to support fast and reversible lithium transport. The research aims to improve battery efficiency and lifespan.