Articles tagged with Research and Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists at Disney Research developed an automated approach to generating life-like character motions, easing game designers' workload and providing instant feedback. The system seamlessly integrates into existing pipelines to produce virtual characters that can autonomously reason about their environments.
Researchers from HRL Laboratories used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to improve pilot learning in a realistic flight simulator. The study found that subjects who received tDCS showed improved piloting abilities, with enhanced skill retention and faster learning rates.
Researchers from UTARI and Pitt are developing an automated seat cushion to prevent pressure ulcers in wheelchair users. The smart seat cushion technology includes real-time pressure monitoring and automated pressure modulation capabilities to alleviate pressure buildup and discomfort.
Researchers developed a software framework called plant to investigate how plant species coexist with varying traits. The tool examines physiological rules and functional trade-offs in vegetation structure and diversity.
Disney researchers have developed a method to estimate pose and predict orientation of objects, using similarities in how different types of objects appear from the same angle. The system proved effective in predicting pose even for unseen objects, with applications in self-driving cars and other computer vision tasks.
The BMJ and UCSF have developed an e-learning program called Research to Publication, which offers a comprehensive range of 48 online modules focused on clinical and public health research. The program aims to empower early career researchers and institutions in developing countries to build their research capacity.
BMJ is offering free online resources to help healthcare professionals keep up with the latest developments and guidance on diagnosing, advising, and treating patients affected by the Zika virus. The resources include information from leading health organizations such as WHO, Public Health England, and CDC.
A group of researchers created a unique 1D nano electronic system on the surface of a solid and observed its electronic state using photo-emitted electrons. This discovery will help elucidate the mystery of unique electronic properties of 1D nano metals.
A new portable medical tablet pc, UNI-Pad, has been developed by Conecson Co., Ltd. and UNIST, enabling the transmission of medical data from patients directly to health professionals. The device can take various vital signs and is planned for commercialization in diagnosis of additional conditions.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology developed reconfigurable origami tubes that can change cross sections to operate at different frequencies for antennas or switch liquids in microfluidic devices. The tubes employ the Miura-ori pattern and can be designed with exact properties needed for various users.
Private companies like DuPont have reduced their basic research units in response to business demands, shifting focus towards quicker return on investment. This change has implications for the scientific community, which may see a decrease in groundbreaking discoveries.
China is now the second-largest performer of research and development, accounting for 20 percent of global R&D. The US leads in S&E but faces challenges from Southeast and South Asia, with China playing a key role.
The US Department of Energy has announced a significant investment in grid modernization research and development, with a focus on reducing carbon emissions and enhancing infrastructure security. The new funding will support critical research and development over the next three years to help modernize America's electrical power grid.
The DESTCloud platform validates disaster tolerance and fault tolerance of wide-area distribution systems in a virtualized environment. It enables training for complex disasters and interference, allowing for preemptive evaluation of system performance during large-scale disasters.
Research shows that restoring and protecting streamside meadows can help keep streams cool for the California golden trout, which are threatened by rising temperatures. The study found that water temperatures approached the upper limit of tolerance in areas with suitable habitat, but were cooler in ungrazed meadow areas.
Jérôme Waser has been awarded the Springer Heterocyclic Chemistry Award 2016 for his exceptional contributions to heterocyclic chemistry. His research focuses on developing new reactions and synthesis methods, particularly those employing hypervalent iodine derivatives.
Researchers at RIKEN QBiC have developed a new method for monitoring mouse sleep cycles using the Snappy Sleep Stager, a non-invasive and automated system. The system has identified a new short-sleeper gene, Nr3a, which is associated with schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and depression, all of which are linked to sleep disturbances.
A £2M BBSRC-Newton Fund project aims to develop and apply new molecular biology techniques to reduce the impact of major aquaculture diseases. The project will help early warning systems for disease outbreaks in low-income countries, improving the livelihoods of small-scale farmers.
Researchers created a new way to coat solid electrolyte around electrodes, solving problems of gasification and poor permeability. The breakthrough enables high-ion conductivity and air stability in all-solid-state lithium batteries.
Researchers create novel VTD mechanism for conventional propeller engine UAVs, allowing redirection of thrust to improve maneuverability. The proposed technique demonstrates improved performance in plateau missions with enhanced stability and control.
Scientists pin down structure of ALS-associated protein clumps, providing first definitive evidence of their toxicity. The breakthrough could lead to the development of drugs to stop clump formation and stem disease progression.
Researchers from Cardiff University and Charles Owen Inc. have developed a novel 3D-printed material called C3, which can improve the safety of athletes and others by better absorbing and dissipating impact. The material has been awarded $250,000 to further develop its potential.
Katherine Zeller, a UMass Amherst doctoral candidate, won a Switzer Environmental Fellowship to develop effective corridors for wildlife between protected areas and populations. Her research uses GPS telemetry collars and genetics to model animal movement and design conservation strategies.
The FaceDirector system enables directors to fine-tune performances in post-production, saving time and money by avoiding reshoots. It combines facial expressions and audio cues for optimal synchronization, allowing users to generate novel versions of performances.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are exploring ways to improve footwear design and replacement policies to reduce slips and falls. By simulating wear using a robotic slip-tester and measuring shoe tread hydroplaning, they aim to identify specific limits to wear and determine critical factors that impact how quickly shoes wear.
A new study finds that publicly funded Ph.D. recipients enter high-wage industries, earn higher-than-average salaries, and contribute to local economic growth. The study tracked nearly 3,200 graduates from eight major research universities, showing they are disproportionately hired in technology and professional service industries.
A new report reveals that increased funding for Ebola research and development comes at the expense of other neglected diseases, which cause more deaths annually than Ebola. Despite this, industry investment in R&D for Ebola, malaria, and HIV/AIDS increases, while funding for TB R&D decreases.
A new visual authoring tool is being developed to enable both experts and novices to create digital story worlds. The tool guides users through three main steps: story world creation, character and object authoring, and event creation.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has launched a major initiative to advance novel approaches to treat and prevent HIV infections using broadly neutralizing antibodies. Researchers will work with GlaxoSmithKline to develop long-acting agents for preventing and treating HIV.
Artur Avila, a renowned Brazilian mathematician, has won the TWAS-Lenovo Science Prize for his groundbreaking work on dynamical systems and chaos theory. His research has helped resolve major mathematical quandaries and brought global awareness of Brazilian mathematics.
Despite a 44% reduction in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, the world failed to meet the 75% target set by the Millennium Development Goals. Global progress varied significantly across regions, with some countries achieving impressive declines while others struggled with high mortality rates.
RMIT University researchers created artificial microflowers in water, mimicking natural blooming processes for optoelectronics and other applications. The tiny structures, just 10 microns wide, have potential to break frontiers in scientific fields with easy and reliable building.
Disney Research develops tactile animation, an animation software-like tool to create rich haptic sensations. The new process allows designers to focus on unfolding haptic effects over space and time, reducing the need for individually controlling actuators.
A new system developed by Disney Research and Carnegie Mellon University enables users to design customized walking robots using intuitive editing tools. The system ensures the robot moves as intended, allowing users to adjust its gait and behavior.
A team of researchers from MIT and QCRI developed a system that can automatically convert 2-D video of soccer games into 3-D. The system uses detailed 3-D maps stored in video games to create broadcast-quality 3-D video, achieving real-time processing without visual artifacts.
The tool uses a library of base shapes to enable users to think creatively without tedious trial and error. Researchers used the tool to design and build various shapes, including a turtle with 123 pieces, which was assembled in about 2.5 hours.
A consortium of scientists proposes a major research project to understand and harness microbiomes, aiming to improve human health, agriculture, bioenergy, and the environment. The Unified Microbiome Initiative calls for investments in new tools and cross-disciplinary collaborations to predict and manage microbial behavior.
Scientists have developed a novel method to quickly dissolve away clots that completely obstruct blood vessels in the brain. A drug-device combination using an intra-arterial device restores blood flow to obstructed vessels, effectively clearing the blockage.
Washington State University researchers created a sensing platform to measure and analyze gait patterns in people with glaucoma. This innovation aims to reduce falls and injuries by detecting early signs of the disease, such as slower walking pace and unequal step placement.
Researchers are developing a new eye lens that can adjust focus automatically, using liquid crystals to tackle age-related conditions like presbyopia and cataracts. The lens could be implanted in a quick surgical procedure, offering hope for millions of people affected by these vision problems.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a method to recreate an octopus tentacle's muscle arrangement using elastomer and 3D printing. This breakthrough enables soft actuators with improved agility and freedom of movement.
Researchers developed a simple tool to predict an individual's five-year risk of requiring mechanical ventilation. The scoring system uses factors such as age, gender, diabetes, and hospitalization history to estimate the probability of needing life support.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a dual frequency wireless charging platform that can charge multiple devices, including smartphones, smartwatches, laptops, and tablets, simultaneously using different wireless standards. The new technology addresses the issue of incompatibility between competing wireless standards, enabling univer...
A new tool has been developed to identify unstable atherosclerotic plaques at greatest risk of rupture, a major contributor to heart attacks and strokes. The tool uses fluorescent probes to detect the severity of plaques and shows high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing high-risk plaques from stable ones.
Researchers are developing a healing glove that delivers medicine to injured hands and speeds up healing, allowing for earlier rehabilitation. The REHEAL Glove provides positive pressure wound therapy, delivering therapeutics and controlling the wound environment for better and faster healing.
SAGE will begin publishing Applied Spectroscopy in partnership with the Society for Applied Spectroscopy, a leading international journal covering all aspects of spectroscopy. The journal aims to publish original research and review articles on fundamentals and applications of photon-based spectroscopy.
The Ecological Society of America releases a report highlighting the benefits of citizen science in ecology, including improved data quality and increased public engagement. The report showcases successful case studies and provides guidance for organizations to design effective citizen science projects.
Researchers developed a small array of flexible sensors to analyze breath samples for specific compounds indicative of ovarian cancer. The system showed an 82% accuracy rate in detecting these compounds, paving the way for a potential less invasive cancer diagnosis method.
The NIH has announced a significant investment in research technology to better understand the placenta's function during pregnancy. This initiative aims to identify problems with the placenta earlier, enabling physicians to intervene more quickly and improve pregnancy outcomes.
The soft skin modules use air-filled cavities to cushion collisions and provide pressure feedback for grasping delicate objects. The researchers successfully tested the modules on a disposable plastic cup, a roll of printer paper, and a piece of tofu, reducing peak forces by 32-52% and side impacts by 26-37%.
Two University of Toronto scientists developed a new research framework to measure agricultural impacts using functional trait-based ecology. The approach focuses on how plants respond to and affect changes in their environment, providing insights into crop diversity, nutrient cycling, pest repellence and drought mitigation.
Researchers at the University of Maryland are working on developing next-generation cryptography to secure against quantum computers. The team will focus on making cryptosystems secure and collaborating with NIST researchers.
The University of Bonn study found that Brazil's 'blacklisting' policy reduced Amazon forest loss by 26% per year. The researchers used data from 2008 to 2012 and compared listed communities with comparable non-listed communities.
Georgia Regents University is among 15 institutions receiving federal funding to train the next generation of physician-scientists in obstetrics and gynecology. The program will support junior faculty, residents, and fellows in research, enabling them to focus on research for at least 30 hours weekly.
The University of Southampton has been awarded a £3m grant to bring together top researchers to explore new nanotechnology applications for enhanced safety at sea, on land and in the air. The project will support over 50 PhD students in interdisciplinary research projects, providing training and building technical capacity.
Scientists at Queen's University Belfast have developed a novel anti-inflammatory nanoparticle that shows promise in treating sepsis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), two leading causes of death in hospitalised patients. The treatment, known as SAN101, has the potential to reduce inflammation and prevent organ failure.
A new AI system crowdsources plot points for interactive stories, allowing for more creative narratives and an easier method for interactive narrative generation. The system achieved near-human-level authoring in a test, with improvements over random generators.
The University of Oklahoma is developing a faster, more advanced imaging radar to provide unprecedented resolution and flexibility in storm surveillance. The new system will enable scientists to study tornadoes, hurricanes, lightning, and other phenomena on an incredible time and spatial scale.
A new research from North Carolina State University explores how security tools are used by software developers, finding that peer influence and corporate culture are key factors in adoption. The study also highlights limitations of current tools, including inaccurate notifications and lack of user-friendly interfaces.
A study using the Delphi Method assessed the bioweapons threat and potential misuse of scientific research by querying 59 experts. The results show significant disagreement among authorities, with differing opinions based on factors such as age and expertise.