Articles tagged with Information Processing
Studies investigating the impact of memory on perception aim to understand how our brains alter sensory information, enabling us to conserve energy on expected stimuli. This research may lead to advancements in treating PTSD by analyzing communication between brain regions affected by trauma.
A machine learning model has been developed to predict cognitive performance based on reaction time, eye movement, and difficulty level. The model achieved an accuracy of 82.8% in predicting participant success in visual attention tasks.
A new AI-based app developed by Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg allows individuals with pedophilic tendencies to access initial consultations and remote treatment while maintaining anonymity. The technology, called AnonymPrevent, aims to increase acceptance of preventative treatment against child abuse.
A review by Nathan et al. showcases big-data revolution in movement ecology, revealing new insights into animal behavior and habitat use. Reverse-GPS systems, such as ATLAS, track animals with high accuracy, while acoustic telemetry tracks aquatic life, providing crucial data for conservation.
Neurobiologists demonstrated that humans can unconsciously distinguish between even very similar sounds, but often don't recognize these differences. The study used EEG to measure brain responses to stimuli and found that the brain reacts differently to local and global irregularities in sound sequences.
Scientists found smaller, faster waves in the visual cortex that relate to how attentive the brain is. These wave patterns may help understand sleep, anesthesia, and attention by suppressing irrelevant information. The discovery could also improve artificial brains using machine learning techniques.
A new study reveals that the superior colliculus, a lesser-studied region responsible for saccades and facial recognition, dynamically changes its clustering of neurons depending on the mouse's conscious state. This finding suggests that the brain optimizes visual information processing based on its awake or anesthetized state.
A transdisciplinary research team at Göttingen Campus has found a new perspective on the rhythmic processes in the brain. They discovered that adapting interneurons can switch between very slow rhythms and fast rhythms, challenging previous assumptions about their function.
A study by McGill University found that those who experienced more pandemic-related worry had reduced information processing speed and ability to retain information needed for tasks. Pandemic worry also predicted individuals' tendency to distort described risk levels, which may influence decisions about getting a COVID-19 vaccine.
Researchers from the University of Würzburg discovered that monarch butterflies process sun information as a compass during migration, but only when flying actively. The butterfly's brain represents the heading direction relative to the sun in a similar way to a compass.
A new study on mice finds that cognitive training designed to focus on what's important while ignoring distractions can enhance the brain's information processing. The research suggests that this type of training can lead to improved learning and memory, particularly in novel tasks. By analyzing neural activity in the hippocampus durin...
Researchers used sound processing to examine neural synchrony in comatose patients. They found that higher neural synchrony was predictive of a favorable outcome, with indistinguishable levels from healthy controls. The study also revealed surprising neural complexity, with reduced complexity in survivors compared to non-survivors.
A new grant will help libraries increase information literacy around scientific information by analyzing knowledge brokers' assessment of technical and scientific info. The project aims to develop services that enable consumers to discern reliable sources and process information effectively.
Researchers at University of Missouri and University of Chicago develop an artificial material that can respond to its environment, make decisions, and perform actions not directed by humans. The material uses a computer chip to control information processing and convert energy into mechanical energy.
Researchers at NJIT, USC, and Harvard are developing a new software called StreamWare to analyze multiple sources of live data. The team plans to test new combinations of algorithms and hardware accelerators on various data sets, aiming to demonstrate prototypes in 3-6 months.
A new algorithm has been developed to train spiking neural networks, mimicking the human brain's structure and function. This approach enables these powerful, fast, and energy-efficient systems to solve complex tasks like image classification with high precision.
Researchers discovered how neurons in a small area of the brain filter distracting signals to coordinate dexterous movements. The findings may hold lessons for building better prosthetics and robots that can fine-tune their movements based on sensory input.
A team of researchers from Osaka University has designed a sulfonated polyaniline network for reservoir computing, achieving 70% accuracy in speech recognition tasks. The device uses an electrochemical approach and has potential applications in the development of artificial intelligence devices.
Researchers discovered a distinct brain signature associated with team flow, characterized by increased beta and gamma waves in the middle temporal cortex. This neural pattern is linked to enhanced information processing and synchronization between teammates during the team flow state.
Researchers tracked fruit flies' ability to interpret information while asleep, discovering a specific brain region involved in processing salient smells. The study used defined fly brains to analyze neural connections, finding that aversive odors woke the flies up more often than attractive ones.
Researchers have developed a next-generation reservoir computing that solves complex problems in less than a second, compared to current supercomputers. The new system uses significantly fewer computing resources and less data input, making it 1 million times faster for accurate forecasts.
A study by the University of the Basque Country analyzed the nutritional profile and level of processing of food products sold in vending machines. The results show that 48.6% of the products were classified as low-quality, while 73.8% were ultra-processed.
A new project aims to bring data science into the curriculum of Penn State's engineering programs, focusing on critical thinking, problem-solving, and community awareness. The researchers plan to collaborate with local communities, industry, and K-12 schools to provide students with real-life data sets and projects.
Researchers from Kessler Foundation found that cognitive rehabilitation programs are effective in treating multiple sclerosis-related cognitive dysfunction. Behavioral interventions such as restorative and compensatory approaches improve cognition and daily life functioning.
Researchers found that auditory and speech processing occur in parallel, with areas of the STG responding as fast as the primary auditory cortex when sentences were played. This challenges the traditional hierarchy model of speech processing and may offer new insights into conditions like dyslexia.
A new study by Newcastle University researchers has developed dynamic DNA data structures that can store and retrieve information in an ordered way. The study presents an in vitro implementation of a stack data structure using DNA polymers, which stores and retrieves information in a last-in-first-out order.
Researchers found that infants aged 7 and 8 months could identify two faces when the temporal interval was 800ms, but overlooked the second face when separated by 200ms. This suggests that infants take less than a second to process visual information and have the same temporal limitation as adults.
A recent study at Brown University found that intolerance to uncertainty exacerbates polarization in both liberals and conservatives. The researchers measured brain activity while participants watched real political debates and news broadcasts, finding that neural responses diverged between individuals with different ideological beliefs.
New research published in JNeurosci found that brain areas active while viewing pictures of hands also encode if a 3D tool is held properly. This challenges current understanding of how the brain controls hand movement and could improve brain-machine interfaces for prosthetics.
Researchers at TU Wien simulate single-celled organism movement using artificial intelligence and a physical model, revealing how it achieves chemotaxis despite lacking a nervous system. The virtual organism learns to direct its movement through a simple control network, similar to biological evolution.
Researchers found that mice can detect rapid fluctuations in odour plumes and use this information to distinguish between sources. This suggests the mammalian olfactory system plays a key role in processing awareness of physical space and surroundings, guiding survival decisions.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Human Development discovered that the brain rapidly shifts from a rhythmic to a 'noisy' state when task demands increase. This shift enables flexible information processing, allowing individuals to adapt to changing environments and make better decisions.
Researchers used Facebook data to map participants' social connections and found that brain activity patterns reflected the distance between individuals, with closer people having similar patterns. Information about each connection's personality was encoded in the medial prefrontal cortex.
A team of researchers has successfully developed a highly sensitive magnetoencephalography (MEG) technology that can detect even fast brain oscillations produced in response to single sensory stimuli. This breakthrough enables noninvasive observation of nerve cells transmitting information, shedding light on factors such as alertness a...
A team of researchers from the University of Exeter and the University of Auckland made a significant discovery in how a single cell stores electrical patterns similar to memories. The study found that a single neuron can select between different patterns based on individual stimulus properties.
Researchers argue that limited science literacy and structural constraints make it hard to discern fact from falsehood. Emotion and humor may help address the issue by drawing attention to valuable information and humanizing sources.
A recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals how cognitive control and sensory information relate to cortical machinery. Researchers found that signal propagation between cortical areas V1 and V4 is modulated by attention, challenging previous theories about parallel processing flows.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki found that depression alters the way the brain processes visual information, with depressed individuals perceiving contrast as stronger. The study used two visual tests to compare brain function in patients with depression to those without.
A new study maps the psychological signatures of people predisposed to holding extreme social, political or religious attitudes, including nationalist fervor. Cognitive traits such as poorer working memory, slower perceptual strategies, and impulsivity are linked to endorsement of violence in support of an ideological group.
Researchers at KIST Brain Science Institute and NYU discovered that hippocampus uses distinct information processing mechanisms to encode spatial information, including rate code and phase code. This understanding can improve diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders like Alzheimer's and amnesia, as well as inspire AI advancements.
A team of scientists has developed objects made with living materials, using fungi as a key component. The research demonstrates that fungi can sense and process various external stimuli, including light, temperature, and electrical signals, making them suitable for creating sustainable smart wearables.
Research finds that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex drives self-bias in working memory, allowing individuals to recall information about themselves faster than others. This brain region is activated when holding self-representing stimuli in working memory.
Researchers at Purdue University have created a pearl spectrometer, demonstrating light transport-assisted information processing. This innovation has the potential to improve spectroscopy in biomedical and military applications by providing compact and efficient sensing capabilities.
Researchers at NTU Singapore have developed a system that enables robots to recognize pain and self-repair with minimal wiring and circuits. The 'mini-brain' approach allows the robot to process information efficiently and adapt to its environment, making it more interactive with humans.
A two-stage model integrates continuous processing with discrete conscious moments, resolving the 1,500-year-old question of whether consciousness is continuous or discrete. This new framework offers a fresh perspective on information processing and could revolutionize fields like neuroscience, psychology, and computer vision.
Studies with over 2,500 participants reveal an 'objectivity illusion' where individuals on both sides perceive those who share their views as more objective. The findings suggest a self-reinforcing bias in information processing deepens the ideological divide.
A new study reveals that the occipital cortex is essential for guiding involuntary attention to prioritize visual information. Researchers used transcranial magnetic stimulation to disrupt cortical excitability in this region, finding that it eliminates behavioral benefits and costs at attended and unattended locations.
Researchers identify granule cells as gatekeepers of the hippocampus, filtering out irrelevant information. These cells also appear to be involved in processing spatial information, converting grid cell activity into place cell activity.
A new memory game helps researchers understand how brain regions process sensory information and remember skills after traumatic brain injury. The game reveals that certain areas of the brain, such as S1 and S2, have both localized and distributed processing roles.
Researchers found that the human brain minimizes cognitive capacity usage when reading, focusing on essential information. By analyzing brain activity, they developed a model to determine word informativeness and predict information gain.
Stroke survivors who receive early visual training can recover more of their lost vision than those trained later. Researchers discovered that the brain's visual structures degenerate over time after an occipital stroke, but early intervention can halt this loss.
A team of physicists at the University of Arizona discovered a thin layer of iron oxide that explains a long-standing puzzle in magnetic tunnel junctions, which could lead to faster and more efficient spintronics. The finding opens up new possibilities for developing this technology, potentially revolutionizing computing.
A study using time-resolved EEG data found that neural representations of moving objects are activated earlier than visual input, suggesting the brain uses predictive neural mechanisms to compensate for lag times. This compensation enables faster processing of real-time events.
A recent study on Zika virus found that individuals who thought they knew more about the threat were actually more likely to feel uncertain and anxious. The researchers suggest that public health agencies should focus on providing ongoing updates and shaping messages that encourage people to stay informed, as uncertainty can fuel fears...
Scientists have demonstrated tunable coherent phonon dynamics in nanomechanical resonators, enabling new possibilities for information storage and processing. The work shows high cooperativity and large coupling strength between non-neighbouring phonon modes.
A team of UCF researchers has created a nanoscale device that mimics the neural pathways of brain cells used for human vision. The innovation combines two promising materials to enable robots to process and memorize information, reducing processing time and energy consumption.
Researchers at Texas A&M University developed a tool to identify the source of errors caused by software updates using deep learning. The algorithm, which analyzes performance counters, can find bugs in a matter of hours instead of days.
A new study uses caffeine to explore active cognitive processing stages in adults using a Go/NoGo task. The researchers found qualitatively different effects of caffeine on adults compared to children, providing clues about adult cognitive strategies and their dependence on the adenosine system.
Research at Rockefeller University discovered a new brain area, PITd, that steers attention and challenges the long-held concept of attention control. The finding suggests a rethinking of old concepts about attentional control and highlights the complexity of the brain's attention mechanisms.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have mapped three-dimensional surfaces of exceptional points, a phenomenon found to have applications in microwave, optical, and mechanical technologies. This discovery has the potential to enhance sensing capabilities and minimize unwanted interference in information processing systems.