Articles tagged with Information Processing
Researchers at Princeton University developed a 'metabot' material that can expand, assume new shapes, move, and respond to electromagnetic commands. The metamaterial's complex behavior is enabled by chirality, allowing it to defy typical physical object rules.
The Deep Computational Text Analyser (DECOTA) is an open-access AI tool that transforms open-ended survey responses into clear themes in minutes, not months. Developed by the University of Bath, DECOTA delivers insights around 380 times faster and over 1,900 times cheaper than human analysis.
A recent study from UTSA researchers reveals that large language models (LLMs) can pose a serious threat to programmers who use them to help write code. The study found that up to 97% of software developers incorporate generative AI into their workflow, and 30% of code written today is AI-generated.
A new study has revealed that Beagle dogs carrying mutations in the Shank3 gene exhibit face processing abnormalities, similar to those observed in human ASD patients. The research provides direct experimental evidence that mutations in Shank3 lead to ASD-like deficits in face processing, contributing to social impairments.
Physicists at the University of Cologne have successfully observed Crossed Andreev Reflection in TI nanowires, a crucial step toward engineering Majorana-based qubits. This breakthrough enables reliable control over superconducting correlations in topological insulator nanowires.
A recent special issue of Perspectives on Psychological Science delves into the study of individual variability, or 'noise,' in human behavior. Researchers argue that noise is not an error to be minimized but rather a source of information that can provide insights into psychological processes. By analyzing distributions of noise, scie...
A new study found that combining physical warmups with short bursts of cognitive tasks enhances athletic performance. Researchers discovered a 'Goldilocks effect,' where the right balance between cognitive and physical activities is key to optimal performance.
A BYU study reveals how NFL coaches, including Super Bowl contenders Andy Reid and Nick Sirianni, weigh risk on fourth down. The research finds that despite growing acceptance of analytics-driven decision-making, most coaches are more cautious than the numbers suggest they should be.
Neuromorphic computing is poised to emerge into full-scale commercial use, driven by the need for energy-efficient solutions. The review article proposes strategies for building large-scale neuromorphic systems that can tackle complex real-world challenges.
BioChatter bridges the gap between large language models and biomedical research by providing a transparent and adaptable framework for custom research tasks. The platform can integrate with knowledge graphs and bioinformatics tools, making it easier for researchers to analyze complex datasets.
The US Department of Health and Human Services has developed a unified approach to health data exchange, utilizing electronic health records to enhance patient care and public health. This initiative aims to standardize the sharing of health data across different entities, enabling better decision-making and improved healthcare outcomes.
Researchers developed a new method, k* distribution method, to visualize and assess how well deep neural networks categorize related items together. The model reveals clustered, fractured or overlapping arrangements of data points, indicating accuracy and reliability issues.
Researchers developed a platform to help AI learn complex tasks through nuance and real-time instruction, achieving up to a 30% increase in success rates. The GUIDE framework allows humans to provide ongoing, nuanced feedback, fostering incremental improvements and deeper understanding.
A study found that ChatGPT provides higher fatality numbers when asked in Arabic compared to questions in Hebrew, highlighting the impact of user language on information dissemination. The researchers believe this has profound social implications, as it can shape perceptions of conflict and fuel biases.
A study found that police radio transmissions disproportionately involve Black suspects, posing a higher privacy risk for Black people. The researchers analyzed 24 hours of human-transcribed communications and found that Black males were mentioned most often, even in majority white zones.
The study evaluated large language models for healthcare applications, highlighting dimensions such as fairness, bias, and toxicity. It emphasizes the need for standardized applications and metrics to ensure real patient care data is considered.
Researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University develop a novel method for broadband frequency conversion using X-cut thin film lithium niobate, achieving a bandwidth of up to 13 nanometers. This breakthrough enables on-chip tunable frequency conversion, opening the door to enhanced quantum light sources and larger capacity multiplexing.
The two-year study aims to explore biases in AI systems and develop a 'human-in-the-loop' framework for quality data discovery. It will investigate how humans can be involved as labelers, prompters, and validators to improve data sets and user interfaces.
A research team developed a computational workflow for analyzing large data sets in metabolomics, speeding up the process to capture chemical profiles of coastal environments. The tool, accessible to researchers worldwide, highlights potential sources of pollution and enables statistical insights within minutes.
The UC3M-Universia Chair aims to address the challenges of large tech companies' data use and create a new, transparent and fair personal data economy. Researchers will develop models and algorithms linked to AI that are interpretable and unbiased.
A new machine-learning model developed by a University of Arkansas student improves upon existing genotype-by-environmental interaction models, achieving higher prediction accuracy. The model uses feature engineering to process environmental data, leading to a 7% improvement in mean prediction accuracy.
A new four-year, $459,000 grant will develop software and hardware tools to increase accessibility in STEM fields for persons with disabilities. The project aims to enhance data technologies for blind and low-vision users, making it easier for them to participate in STEM research and education.
A recent study by Harvard University researchers compares the effectiveness of one-photon (1P) versus two-photon (2P) voltage imaging in neural circuits. The study found that 2P excitation requires approximately 10,000 times more illumination power per cell compared to 1P excitation, posing significant challenges for 2P voltage imaging.
A global network will be created to protect Indigenous data collection and use, leveraging worldwide policies and practices to ensure control over data related to Indigenous communities. The project aims to establish an alliance among 12 Indigenous data sovereignty networks spanning the globe.
Research by University of East Anglia and University of Texas found that stricter data privacy laws significantly reduced breaches, but negatively affected firms' market value. Companies compliant with GDPR invested more in data protection and were less likely to experience data breaches.
Theoretical physicists at Utrecht University have discovered that fractals might hold the key to making electric currents flow without energy loss. By growing fractal structures on top of semiconductors, scientists have created materials with zero-dimensional corner modes and lossless one-dimensional edge states.
A breakthrough in ferromagnet research enables ultra-fast spin behavior, leading to potential advancements in communication and computation technologies. The study's findings have the potential to unlock terahertz processing power, a thousand times faster than current smartphones and computers.
The Kids First DRC has introduced an upgraded data portal to streamline big data search and analysis, improving collaborative pediatric research outcomes. The new portal integrates diverse datasets, including genomic information from the Children's Brain Tumor Network, to foster cross-disciplinary research.
Researchers have developed a system combining bio-inspired cameras with AI to quickly detect obstacles around cars, using less computational power. The hybrid system detects objects up to one hundred times faster than current systems while reducing data transmission and processing needs.
Researchers have introduced iso-propagation vortices, offering a solution to increasing information processing capacity while overcoming traditional vortex beam limitations. IPVs exhibit OAM-independent propagation, allowing for consistent beam size during free-space propagation.
Researchers found that repetitive practice leads to changes in working memory circuits, making them more stable and refined. The study's findings have implications for addressing memory-related disorders.
A new device uses small amounts of light to process information, offering significant energy improvements over conventional optical switches. This technology could enable quantum communications, providing a promising alternative for data security against rising cyberattacks.
Researchers at German Primate Center investigated how rhesus monkeys encode target positions in arm movements, finding that brain areas can switch between body- and object-related spatial reference systems depending on the task. This flexible coding is essential for developing neuroprostheses that can interpret brain signals correctly.
A recent study published in Attention, Perception & Psychophysics found a correlation between pupil dilation and working memory. Researchers at the University of Texas at Arlington discovered that individuals with better working memory had larger pupil dilations during tasks, indicating improved focus and attention.
Researchers at the University of Cologne found that training can optimize word recognition, leading to improved reading efficiency. The 'Lexical Categorization Model' uses behavioral findings to predict brain activation and separates known words from unknown letter combinations.
Researchers have achieved record speeds of up to 900 m/s by moving magnetic skyrmions using electrical currents. This breakthrough offers new prospects for developing higher-performance and less energy-intensive computing devices.
Researchers at University of Missouri are developing software that allows drones to fly independently, perceiving and interacting with their environment while achieving specific goals. This technology has the potential to assist in mapping and monitoring applications, such as 3D or 4D advanced imagery for disaster response.
Dr. Pieter Gunnink receives a €190,000 grant to develop a theoretical framework for enhancing spin current transport in open magnon systems. This project aims to enable new information processing techniques using spintronics. The EU's Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions program supports researchers at all career stages.
Researchers have developed a new way to manipulate spin waves using tailored light pulses, enabling faster information processing technologies. This breakthrough could lead to next-generation computing systems, leveraging the potential of antiferromagnets and magnonics.
A study by Fujita Health University researchers unveiled novel insights into the brain's processing of movement and sensation. The findings suggest that signals from motor cortices do not primarily modulate sensory responses in primary sensory cortices, but rather pathways from secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) and sensory thalamus (...
Research found mobile phone users process information faster but are more likely to fall for misinformation compared to personal computers. PC users, however, are more susceptible to phishing attempts, highlighting the importance of device-specific responses.
A comprehensive review challenges traditional trust and distrust mindsets, instead advocating for an alternative Cartesian mindset. This evaluative approach has shown promise in distinguishing between true and false information, reducing the propagation of disinformation.
Researchers found that phonetic encoding in babies emerged gradually over the first year of life, beginning with labial sounds and nasal sounds. Parents should speak to their babies using sing-song speech as soon as possible to help them learn language.
A breakthrough study found that light exercise can improve cognitive health in adults with Down syndrome, leading to improved information processing and attention. After just eight weeks of walking, participants showed significant increases in physical fitness and reductions in errors during cognitive assessments.
Researchers found that green spaces alleviate extreme heat's negative impacts on human health, while densely packed buildings increase mortality risk. Urban design strategies incorporating different types of greenery are recommended to mitigate heatwave-associated mortality.
Researchers develop integrated photonic-electronic hardware capable of processing three-dimensional (3D) data, doubling parallelism for AI tasks and significantly boosting energy efficiency. The new chip can process 100 electrocardiogram signals simultaneously with high accuracy, outperforming electronic processors.
Researchers found goalkeepers have narrower temporal binding windows, indicating more precise multisensory processing and quicker estimations of audiovisual cues. They also showed less interaction between visual and auditory information, suggesting a greater tendency to separate sensory signals.
A study of 33 physicians across 17 specialties found that chatbots provided largely accurate information to diverse medical queries. However, the chatbots had important limitations that require further research and model development.
NTU Singapore's study found social media fatigue hampers cognitive judgment, leading to misinformation acceptance. Narcissistic individuals experiencing fatigue are more likely to share misinformation, regardless of accuracy.
By increasing skyrmion diffusion, researchers have made a significant step towards developing spin-based, unconventional computing. The use of synthetic antiferromagnets has reduced energy consumption and increased speed, making it possible to create more efficient computers.
A new project by JooYoung Seo at the University of Illinois School of Information Sciences aims to make data curation more accessible for everyone, regardless of abilities. The three-year grant will connect multimodal data representation with day-to-day reproducible workflows, enriching understanding and offering multiple perspectives.
Research by Kessler Foundation team found that processing speed plays a role in benefit from the modified Story Memory Technique on verbal list learning but not on prose memory tasks. This suggests that treating deficits in processing speed may lead to optimal outcomes for individuals with traumatic brain injury.
New research published in Human Brain Mapping indicates that deafness does not affect the mechanisms and brain circuits supporting social skills. Deaf individuals show greater activation in regions involved in processing visual inputs like signs and lip reading.
The University of Missouri is launching a five-year, $3 million doctoral training program to prepare the next generation of scientists and engineers for emerging fields like materials science and data science. The program aims to empower future workers with both technical expertise and data-driven insights.
Research published by the American Psychological Association found that individuals with a history of depression spend more time processing negative information than positive information, putting them at risk for relapse. This bias towards negative thinking may hinder effective treatment and prevention strategies.
Optical memristors have the potential to transform high-bandwidth neuromorphic computing, machine learning hardware, and artificial intelligence. However, scalability is a significant challenge that needs to be addressed to unlock their full potential.
A recent study from Michigan Medicine suggests relief may be possible for individuals with tinnitus, a condition characterized by ringing or hissing sounds. The innovative bi-sensory treatment device improved quality of life and reduced tinnitus loudness in nearly 70% of participants.
The Critical Online Reasoning in Higher Education (CORE) research group explores how students work with online sources and information for learning. The study will analyze students' processes in solving tasks, including search terms and source selection.
Researchers have developed an automated calling algorithm for determining B and T cell clonality from NGS data with greater sensitivity than previous models. The new model increases the assay's sensitivity in detecting clonality, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and monitoring of lymphoproliferative disorders.
A study by University of California, Riverside found that older adults are less likely to ignore distractors in their surroundings while engaging in a cognitive task and an effortful physical task. This decline is greater when simultaneously performing a physical task, such as driving or carrying grocery bags.