A recent study by University of Nottingham researchers found that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) use healthcare services twice as often in the two years before their diagnosis. Children with ADHD are also more likely to see their GP, receive prescriptions, attend hospital for overnight admissions, and hav...
Researchers find that halting deforestation and restoring native vegetation are critical for Brazil to achieve its 2050 net zero goal. The study suggests that nature-based solutions can mitigate nearly 80% of Brazil's net zero pledge and reduce carbon emissions by 781 million tons per year.
The study reconstructs a nearly continuous record of marine oxygen levels through the Phanerozoic using a machine learning approach. Oxygen levels in deep continental shelf seawater were negatively correlated with the production rate of the oceanic crust over timescales of 10–100 million years.
A new study led by FSU professor Mariana Fuentes found that shifting nesting timing may not be enough to counteract the impacts of climate change on sea turtle hatchlings. Warmer temperatures cause lower hatchling success and disrupt female turtle viability, threatening species viability.
A team of animal scientists has developed a new breed of cow that can produce up to 20 times the milk of indigenous breeds, offering a potential game changer for subsistence farmers in Tanzania. The breeding process combines the heat and disease resistance of Gyrs with the milk-producing prowess of Holsteins and Jerseys.
A new study found that high-pressure conditions in deep-sea environments preserve organic matter and nutrients, supporting a vast array of microorganisms. Researchers simulated these conditions using pressure tanks, demonstrating the importance of this process in maintaining life at extreme depths.
A new map of 20th century land use in Britain shows that semi-natural grasslands lost 90% of their lowland meadows and pasture due to intensified agriculture. The researchers found that only a small proportion of species' responses to environmental change were strongly interactive, with most being 'idiosyncratic'.
Scientists have observed wolves directly hunting and consuming sea otters and harbor seals in Alaska's Katmai National Park. This new evidence challenges previous assumptions about wolf behavior and diet. The study highlights the unique role of wolves in nearshore ecosystems in Alaska.
Researchers at University of British Columbia find a direct link between high insulin levels and pancreatic cancer, highlighting the importance of keeping insulin levels within a healthy range. The study suggests that excessive insulin overstimulates pancreatic acinar cells, leading to inflammation and precancerous cell development.
Physicists William Raphael Hix and John Lajoie were elected Fellows of the American Physical Society for their outstanding contributions to physics research. They are recognized for their work on explosive thermonuclear burning, stellar nucleosynthesis, and the development of advanced trigger systems that enabled the discovery of the q...
A new project will monitor how changing environmental conditions shape viral outbreaks in wild rodent populations to identify hotspots with high potential for spillover into people. The team will use metaviromics and AI to analyze data from wild rodents in the UK and Eastern Uganda.
A new deblurring algorithm has been developed to improve the resolution of microscopy images without amplifying noise. This breakthrough technique, called 'deblurring by pixel reassignment,' uses local gradients to sharpen images while preserving larger structures.
Older adults with a GED certificate have higher odds of cognitive impairment, hearing impairment, and limitations in daily activities compared to high school graduates. The study suggests that the cognitive reserve hypothesis may partially explain these disparities, as well as access to healthcare services.
A team of scientists discovered two types of neurons in fruit flies and mice that enable them to identify distinct smells. With experience, these animals can learn to differentiate between very similar odors, a process that could improve machine-learning models and AI systems.
A team of researchers at Penn State found that a moderate talking speed for digital assistants increases user likelihood to use them. Conversation-like interactions also mitigate negative effects and increase user trust.
A new study analyzes data from the US cohort of the FLASH registry and shows that mechanical thrombectomy can significantly improve outcomes for patients with high-risk PE. The procedure is associated with a significant reduction in acute mortality among these patients.
Researchers at MIT and MGH have developed a closed-loop system that monitors brain state to tailor propofol dose and achieve exactly the desired level of unconsciousness. This technology enables more than 18 hours of fine-grained consciousness control, reducing postoperative cognitive side effects in vulnerable groups.
Professor Sang-hyun Park's research team developed AI technology that minimizes structural deformation in images while maintaining texture information from a new domain. This enables domain adaptation for deep learning models trained with generated images.
Researchers found that higher ventilation rates do not necessarily prevent the spread of airborne diseases in cruise ship cabins. The ideal ventilation strategy involves medium flow rates during occupancy and increased airflow after evacuation to minimize droplet spreading.
A pioneering collection of brain metastasis living samples has been established, enabling researchers to study the response to specific drugs and identify the best therapeutic options for each patient. The RENACER network connects hospitals and patients, facilitating the rapid sharing of research findings and clinical trial data.
Researchers analyzed 56 mammalian species to study the diversity and evolution of cerebellar folding and its connection to cerebral anatomy. The findings reveal a consistent pattern across species, suggesting a common mechanism underlying brain folding.
Researchers developed a closed-loop anesthesia delivery system that continuously monitors brain waves and adjusts anesthetic medication dosage to maintain optimal unconsciousness levels. The system was tested in rhesus macaques, achieving stable levels for up to 18 hours.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports identified the risk of virus exposure during face-to-face encounters as peaking within 5 seconds. The researchers used a mobile full-scale mannequin and particle-tracking velocimetry system to visualize and measure aerosol particles derived from exhaled air.
CNIO researchers have discovered a previously unknown mechanism of action for the first oncogene, c-Src. The study reveals that c-Src can autonomously activate itself through autophosphorylation, leading to cancer formation. This finding has significant implications for the development of new drugs targeting this enzyme.
A study of 2,433 women who received in vitro fertilization treatment found that delaying frozen embryo transfer for at least six months after a preceding clinical pregnancy loss was associated with beneficial pregnancy outcomes. This delay resulted in improved rates of live births and healthy pregnancies.
Researchers developed a novel deep learning-based model, circ2CBA, to predict circRNA-RBP binding sites. The model achieved good performance and outperformed other methods, particularly in sub-datasets, due to its ability to capture context-dependent information.
A new study found that employees who prioritize career advancement are strongly affected by abusive leadership, while those prioritizing job security remain unaffected. Abusive supervisors can stifle employees' initiative and work to improve business practices.
A new technique reduces toxic byproducts and increases efficiency in producing alkylbenzene, a crucial intermediate for detergents. The process uses simple alkanes as alkylating agents, resulting in harmless molecular hydrogen as the sole byproduct.
A research team at DGIST has developed a new approach to protect the surface of quantum dots using non-polar solvents and covalent ligands, significantly reducing defects and improving efficiency and long-term stability in perovskite quantum dot solar cells. This breakthrough enhances the commercialization of applicable materials.
USC faculty members will lead a $20 million research initiative to inform government regulations on tobacco products and marketing, focusing on protecting young people from the harm of e-cigarettes and other nicotine products. The study aims to gather evidence to prevent harm and promote public health.
A 32-year study of 820 adults found high blood pressure variability in late life increased dementia risk, but had little effect on midlife risk. The results suggest blood pressure variability may be a key indicator of dementia risk in older age.
A new study finds that heat-related cardiovascular deaths may more than double in the US by the middle of the century, with elderly and Black adults being most at risk. The projections suggest that reducing greenhouse gas emissions can mitigate this impact, but infrastructure interventions such as increasing tree cover may also be effe...
Researchers found that using natural hazards instead of disasters increases intentions to prepare and actual behavior, suggesting a potential solution to improve public response. The study suggests that the terms 'natural hazard' and 'natural disaster' have little impact on key perceptions.
Research identifies specific gut bacteria that increase risk of severe malaria in humans and mice, sparking new approaches targeting gut microbiota. The study's findings could lead to prevention strategies for severe malaria-related deaths.
A McLean Hospital study found that nearly 600 individuals trained in trauma-informed care reported significant gains in knowledge and improvements to organizational policies. However, the study's findings suggest that lasting changes may require more time and involve larger-scale organizational transformations.
A new project aims to help robots assess risks and make autonomous decisions. The research focuses on quantifying ambiguity in robot perception to improve safety and efficiency.
A new monitoring system uses radio waves to track changes in a room's nuclear weapons stockpile, providing a secure way to verify compliance with disarmament treaties. The system combines cyber-physical security assessments with cross-system physics to enable new levels of trust in the Internet of Things.
A new antibody created by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers may offer an effective treatment for some breast cancers. The antibody targets the PTPRD enzyme, which is overabundant in certain breast cancers and helps them spread.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a method to increase oxygen stability of [FeFe] hydrogenase enzyme using site-directed mutagenesis, electrochemistry, X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulations. Blockages in dynamic water channels near the H-cluster were found to improve oxygen resistance.
A new jet stream has been discovered in Jupiter's upper atmosphere by the James Webb Space Telescope, showing winds reaching speeds of up to 500 km/h. The discovery provides new insights into the atmospheric dynamics of gas giants and could shed light on global temperature variations.
A recent study reveals that the Denisovan genetic variant affects zinc regulation and may have provided an evolutionary advantage for our ancestors' adaptation to the cold. This variation has been associated with a greater predisposition to mental health disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety-related conditions.
Researchers developed an environmental risk score to assess ALS risk and survival using a blood sample, associating several individual pollutants with disease risk. A mixture of pesticides in the blood significantly increased ALS risk, with those in the highest group having twice the risk as those in the lowest.
The Society for Neuroscience recognizes five neuroscientists for their innovative approaches to educating the public about neuroscience. Angel Kaur, Christian Bravo-Rivera, and Kelly Lambert are among this year's recipients of the Science Education and Outreach Awards.
Researchers have found that targeting protein eIF4A with the small molecule drug Zotatifin can suppress tumor cell proliferation and remodel the immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer. The promising findings support pursuing clinical trials to assess the potential patient benefits of this approach.
Researchers developed a new method that allows designing 3D-printed metal parts with varying strength levels, electrical conductivity, or corrosion resistance. The technique uses 3D-printing steps and can reduce manufacturing costs.
The SLAS Technology October 2023 issue focuses on reducing laboratory automation waste through machine learning and novel systems. Researchers adapt technological advancements for life sciences exploration and experimentation, enabling improved biomedical research and development.
A recent study found that three freshwater fish species, including the buffalofish, have known lifespans greater than 100 years, which could open doors to aging studies across disciplines. The research reveals unique insights into the species' longevity and potential implications for gerontology.
A study of over 50 years found that excessive weight gain during pregnancy is associated with greater postpartum weight retention and increased risks of pregnancy complications and death. The researchers estimated associations between gestational weight gain and loss and mortality, including all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease.
The study reveals that race and ethnicity, as well as neighborhood disadvantage, are significantly associated with hearing-related quality of life in deaf or hard-of-hearing children. In older children over 13 years, neighborhood disadvantage has the broadest impact on their overall well-being.
Over the last 20 years, children are more likely to be treated at specialized children's hospitals rather than general hospitals, according to a new study. The shift has significant implications for hospital capacity needs and high-quality child-specific transport systems.
A new analysis from Penn researchers projects a significant increase in US cardiovascular deaths due to extreme heat over the next four decades. Older adults and Black adults will experience greater increases in excess cardiovascular deaths due to extreme heat, according to the study.
A study by Washington State University found that viewing objectified images of female fitness influencers can negatively impact mental health, especially among younger women. However, a positive message such as 'Love your body' can mitigate this harm and boost self-compassion in the short term.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati Cancer Center found that SmartClips, a wireless localization method for breast tumors, is safe and effective. The devices reduce patient discomfort and improve surgery efficiency by allowing surgeons to locate tumors more accurately.
Research by George Mason University found that women with physical disabilities have lower cervical cancer screening rates, highlighting the need for improved access to preventive health services. The study's findings also reveal disparities in screening rates among different types of disabilities.
The Society for Neuroscience recognizes eight early-career researchers for their innovative research in touch sensation and spatial navigation. Yusuke Hirabayashi receives the Jennifer N. Bourne Prize in Brain Ultrastructure for developing specialized microscopy techniques to study organelle interactions and calcium dynamics.
A team of researchers at Tampere University and Eastern Washington University used weather records to validate the effectiveness of musical characteristics in enhancing data interpretation. The study found that musical sounds can be a powerful complement to traditional data visualization methods.
A recent study found that people living in areas with high levels of fine particulate matter have a 56% greater risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The Mississippi-Ohio River Valley and parts of Texas, Kansas, and eastern Michigan were identified as regions with higher rates of the disease.
A HKU engineering team has achieved a major breakthrough in battery technology by developing a high-performance quasi-solid-state magnesium-ion (Mg-ion) battery. The new design offers a sustainable, safe, and high-energy-density alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries.
Recent research on adolescent stereotypes highlights the importance of avoiding one-size-fits-all assumptions across cultures, instead emphasizing social constructions and cultural variation. The article discusses the findings and their implications for policy and societal change.
A study in mice shows that exposure to pollutant mixtures increases health damage and suggests selenium can mitigate this effect by activating antioxidant defenses. Selenium was found to reduce molecular damage caused by the pollutants.