Physicist Jin Hu receives second CAREER award from National Science Foundation to investigate topological quantum materials. The award aims to discover novel physics and new materials with advanced functionalities for technology applications.
Researchers have developed an AI algorithm that accurately estimates coastal fish stocks, providing critical data for sustainable management. The tool has the potential to save millions of dollars in annual research costs and bridge the global data and sustainability divide.
Using satellite data from near-real-time (NRT) sources can significantly improve the accuracy of solar wind forecasts, with a potential increase of nearly 50%.
Researchers explored AI applications in remote sensing, including multimodal imagery interpretation, hyperspectral image restoration, and semantic segmentation. These advancements are improving the analysis and processing of satellite data.
The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) has published a report establishing evidence-based recommendations for orthogonal confirmation practices of germline variants detected by next-generation sequencing. The guidelines aim to promote standardization, transparency, and quality improvement among laboratories.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions (SCAI) has released an expert consensus on the management of in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis. The guidelines emphasize frequent use of intracoronary imaging to determine the precise etiology and guide selection of treatment options.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge have created a solar-powered technology that converts carbon dioxide and water into liquid fuels like ethanol and propanol. These fuels have high energy density and produce no net carbon emissions, making them a promising alternative to fossil fuels.
Stanford University scientists have invented a low-cost, recyclable powder that kills thousands of waterborne bacteria per second when exposed to ordinary sunlight. The new disinfectant consists of nano-size flakes of aluminum oxide, molybdenum sulfide, copper, and iron oxide.
Scientists have discovered weak, fossilised sediments beneath the seafloor of Antarctica's eastern Ross Sea, which led to massive underwater landslides. These layers made the area susceptible to failure due to past climate change.
A Rensselaer research team led by Sangwoo Lee found that crystal structures are not always regularly arranged. The discovery has implications for materials used in semiconductors, solar panels, and electric vehicle technologies.
Luis Cuello, a professor at TTUHSC, has developed a method to express human potassium channels in bacteria, allowing for large-scale biophysical studies. This technology will be used to target several channels relevant to diseases such as epilepsy, arrhythmia, and diabetes.
Dr. John H. Bushweller's team at UVA Cancer Center is developing novel drugs to block abnormal proteins that cause pediatric leukemia. The new approach aims to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity, potentially leading to better patient outcomes.
Research highlights challenges in scalability and sustainability of stroke care quality improvement efforts, with multifaceted patient needs requiring multidisciplinary teams. The study identifies five key gaps in stroke quality improvement research, emphasizing the need for policy evaluation and comparison of hospital performance data.
SCAI honored J. Dawn Abbott, MD, FSCAI and Douglas E. Drachman, MD, FSCAI with the Mason Sones Award for Distinguished Service for their efforts in education and quality of care. The Society also recognized Theodore A. Bass, MD, MSCAI, and Lee N. Benson, MD, MSCAI with lifetime service awards for their substantial contributions to SCAI.
Research suggests that simple initiatives to promote lower-calorie options on delivery apps can significantly reduce the average excess calorie content of orders. The interventions tested included pre-selecting smaller portions, positioning lower-calorie foods and restaurants more prominently, and displaying calorie labels.
A third-party analysis found that Impella support led to a greater extent of revascularization and lower heart failure and angina symptoms in patients undergoing high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study showed a 40% greater reduction in residual SYNTAX Score post-PCI with Impella compared to IABP.
A study in Washington state found that when wolves and cougars moved into an area, coyotes and bobcats shifted their movements into regions with higher levels of human activity. However, it was humans who finished off the smaller predators, with over half of the coyotes killed by people during the study period.
A new national study of over 50,000 US adolescents reveals a strong association between vaping nicotine and increased likelihood of high-level cannabis usage and binge drinking. The findings highlight the need for sustained interventions to address co-occurring substance use among young people.
Brazilian researchers found that corticosteroids increase endocannabinoid production and decrease platelet-activating factor levels in COVID-19 patients. This discovery points to potential new treatments for severe inflammatory and neurological diseases.
Stuart Henderson, director of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, has been recognized by Inside Business as one of the top movers and shakers in the Hampton Roads region. The recognition highlights the lab's present and future mission and its impact on the local economy and research landscape.
Scientists have identified a key event controlling the timing of biological clocks, which could lead to therapies for sleep disorders and clock disruption. The study found that a genetic mutation shortens the clock cycle in people with Familial Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome.
Entangling low-energy microwave with high-energy optical photons is a crucial step to overcome challenges in scaling up existing quantum hardware. The achievement has implications for realizing interconnects to other quantum computing platforms and novel quantum-enhanced remote sensing applications.
Research suggests whole body cryostimulation improves cholesterol and blood sugar levels in individuals with obesity. After two weeks, the WBC group experienced a greater reduction in waist circumference and blood glucose levels compared to the sham treatment.
The native gromwell plant, a crucial element in traditional Japanese culture, is facing severe threats from disease and cross-breeding with non-native species. Researchers at Kyoto University are leading efforts to raise awareness of the plant's significance and promote conservation initiatives.
A new spinosaurid dinosaur species, Protathlitis cinctorrensis, has been identified in Spain, revealing insights into the evolutionary history of medium-to-large bodied spinosaurids. The discovery estimates the specimen to be around 10-11 meters long and suggests that spinosaurids may have originated in Europe before migrating to Afric...
Researchers developed a method to detect forest disturbance by combining strengths from time-series algorithms and 2-date detection methods. The new technique facilitates more effective forest management and policy.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a new design of polymeric hole transport materials for perovskite quantum dot solar cells. The new polymers exhibit increased charge mobility and stability without the use of dopants, leading to improved power conversion efficiency.
Researchers found that a mutation in RPL3L, expressed only in heart and skeletal muscle, leads to impaired cardiac contractility by causing ribosomal collisions and protein folding abnormalities. The study aims to develop new treatments for cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that historical memories have a lasting impact on consumer behavior, particularly in the automotive industry. The research analyzed vehicle registration data and archival records to show how past conflicts can affect car sales, with Japanese cars experiencing significant drops in sales...
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and University of Oxford found that kissing was practiced in ancient Mesopotamia around 4,500 years ago, challenging previous hypotheses. The discovery suggests that kissing may have played a role in the transmission of diseases like herpes simplex virus 1.
Researchers Troels Arbøll and Sophie Rasmussen review ancient DNA, cultural works, and medical records to show that kissing-transmitted diseases like HSV-1 were present in ancient periods, contradicting some recent studies. The emergence of romantic-sexual kissing may have had a secondary effect on disease transmission.
A novel assay system has been developed to validate ECHS1 gene variants, enabling rapid diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases. The assay quickly pinpointed a new synonymous substitution causing a splicing abnormality in ECHS1 variants, providing a robust platform for variant interpretation.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Immunology suggests that cutaquig infusions at higher infusion rates and volumes are well-tolerated and effective, with reduced infusion time, fewer injection sites, and improved compliance. The study results will be presented at the Clinical Immunology Society 2023 Annual Meeting.
A study led by UC San Francisco found that breastfeeding duration increased by an average of 18% among U.S. women during the pandemic, with white and high-income women experiencing the largest gains. The study suggests that a national paid family leave policy could improve breastfeeding rates and reduce health inequities.
A team has developed a new approach to disentangle the activity-selectivity tradeoff in catalytic conversion of syngas to light olefins, achieving high CO conversion and selectivity. The strategy involves incorporating germanium-substituted aluminophosphates within the OXZEO catalyst concept.
Researchers from FSU analyzed the California Current Ecosystem's carbon sequestration, discovering that sinking particles are the primary process transporting organic carbon to the deep ocean. They also found that ocean currents and zooplankton contribute significantly to this process.
A recent study analyzed over half a million tweets from 2017 to 2022, finding that social media plays a crucial role in corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts. The study identified key topics, including sustainability, climate change, and waste management, as well as areas of growth and decline in CSR communication.
A cross-sectional analysis of 2,200 individuals with sickle cell disease found associations between employment status, sex, age, and depression with pain frequency. Comprehensive treatment for SCD must consider the full experiences of patients, including mental health impacts on pain reduction.
A global analysis by Fangfang Yao et al. reveals a widespread decline in lake water storage, with 53% of the world's largest lakes experiencing significant losses over the last 28 years. Climate warming, increased evapotranspiration, and human water consumption are identified as major drivers of this decline.
A new, rapid platform detects pathogens on produce in three to six hours, improving risk reduction strategies for the produce industry. The technology uses multi-spectral imaging and deep UV sensing to identify opportunistic human pathogens.
Provision of over-the-counter hearing aids associated with greater uptake of hearing intervention and improved patient quality of life. The study found that OTC hearing aids are cost-effective when prices exceed $55 per device.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame found that forgetting occurs when environmental cues fail to trigger one's memory of an intention. They discovered that prospective memory errors can happen to anyone and have serious implications for exonerating parents who mistakenly forget to retrieve their children from cars.
A recent study found that COVID-19 infection can lead to increased infarct growth and ongoing tissue consumption even after successful reperfusion through angiography. This suggests a potentially aggressive clinical course for patients with COVID-19 and large-vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke.
Researchers have developed a solvent-free process to manufacture lithium-ion battery electrodes that are greener and cheaper than traditional methods. The new process produces electrodes that can charge faster, with a capacity of 78% in just 20 minutes.
A new scientific statement co-authored by the American Heart Association recommends teaching CPR to school-aged children as early as age 4, with layers of skill-building throughout childhood. This approach aims to educate generations on responding to cardiac arrest and increasing survival rates globally.
Researchers developed a computational platform called IRIS to discover tumor antigens from alternative RNA splicing, expanding cancer immunotherapy targets. Hundreds of predicted TCR targets were found to be presented by human leukocyte antigen molecules.
PolyU researchers have developed optoelectronic graded neurons that can perceive dynamic motion, achieving an information transmission rate of over 1000 bit/s. This breakthrough enables highly accurate motion recognition, surpassing conventional image sensors by up to 99.2% accuracy.
A nationwide analysis of prisoner healthcare incidents in England reveals medication-related harm as a major issue, with staff mistakes being the most common cause. The researchers recommend prioritizing timely access to healthcare services, improving processes to mitigate medication-related harm and increasing remote appointments.
The use of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) in coronary angioplasty is gaining importance, particularly for treating in-stent restenosis. Newer devices are being developed, and upcoming trials aim to enhance the evidence base for DCB treatment, especially in patients with de novo disease.
The number of deaths worldwide from ischemic stroke increased from 2 million in 1990 to more than 3 million in 2019, with an expected increase to nearly 5 million by 2030. Lifestyle factors such as smoking and high blood pressure are identified as major contributors to the rising stroke rate.
Astronomers have detected radio waves emitted by a Type Ia supernova for the first time, revealing clues about white dwarf explosions. The supernova was found to be surrounded by helium-rich circumstellar material, indicating mass accretion from a companion star triggered the explosion.
A new substudy of the STEP TEENS trial shows that semaglutide significantly reduces levels of liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), which are indicators of liver damage. The study found improvements in ALT levels with weight loss of ≥10%.
A new study by ETH Zurich researchers found that collaborating in solidarity can help European countries avert drastic and involuntary energy demand curtailment. The study suggests that voluntarily reducing energy demand to supply gas to other countries is far less painful than forcing a country to massively reduce its demand.
Researchers developed predictive models to design RNA-binding inhibitors for disease treatment by regulating protein production. The study identified three key features for effective oligonucleotides: thermostability, serum resistance, and RNase H sensitivity.
A new study found that climate change is causing the hottest days in North-West Europe to warm at double the rate of average summer days. The difference in trends is most pronounced for England, Wales, and Northern France.
A study funded by the National Institutes of Health found that vigorous exercise is safe for people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a rare inherited disorder affecting the heart muscle. The research, published in JAMA Cardiology, suggests that restrictions on exercise may be unnecessary for individuals with HCM.
A new study found that reflecting on a teacher's personal mission increases their growth mindset, leading to improved motivation and job satisfaction. The intervention involves a brief reflection on why the teacher wants to make a difference for students.
Research finds past obesity associated with greater depressive symptoms and impaired psychological wellbeing, even after weight loss. Past obesity may be 'psychologically scarring', increasing the risk of early death by around 30%.
A new study by researchers from the University of Edinburgh found that double testing with a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) increases the detection rate of bowel cancer to nearly 100%. This approach ensures more cases are identified and can potentially reduce demand for colonoscopies.
A team of scientists led by NYU Abu Dhabi researcher Mohamad Ali-Dib discovered an Earth-sized exoplanet named LP 791-18 d. The planet may be carpeted with volcanoes and sustain water in liquid form, making it potentially habitable.