A new study from Washington University in St. Louis found that extending fathers' leave in Estonia significantly reduced sexist attitudes, particularly among parents directly impacted by the policy. The research showed a notable shift in gender-equal views, with both fathers and mothers experiencing positive changes.
A new study finds that smaller predators move into human-dominated areas to avoid large carnivores, but face higher mortality rates from human activities. This phenomenon, known as the 'human shield' effect, poses an ecological trap for mesopredators.
Researchers found that certain genetic patterns associated with adult psychiatric illnesses also track with psychiatric symptoms in children, but with different underlying mechanisms. A new genetic measure predicts childhood psychiatric symptoms and suggests that interventions may need to start earlier in life.
A novel low-profile pVAD system demonstrated 100% procedural success and no device-related adverse events in a first-in-human trial. The device supports cardiovascular hemodynamics with minimal hemolysis and low risk of vascular complications, aiming to minimize morbidity and improve patient outcomes
Researchers design Cu@FAU catalyst for selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol, achieving stable yields and selectivity. The study reveals a unique reaction pathway involving dihydrogen activation on copper-oxygen pairs.
A study in Japan found that teachers shied away from implementing critical thinking (CT) but were comfortable with multidimensional-multiperspective thinking (MMT), which is promoted in the national curriculum. Teachers felt that CT required teaching empathy, a core value in Japanese education.
Researchers developed an affordable, stretchable, and waterproof sensor using graphite material from pencils to monitor gas molecules, temperature, and electrical physiological signals. The device has the potential for public health applications, including collecting data on population health variation between geographic locations.
A recent study reveals that certain climate-smart agricultural practices can lead to land use spillovers that cancel out their climate benefits. Cover cropping with rye is found to cause yield losses and negate most of its climate advantages.
Existing global forests could store an additional 44.1 petagrams of carbon if left unmanaged, but this would only offset 4 years of CO2 emissions under current rates. The study's findings highlight the limited carbon sequestration potential of unmanaged global forests.
Researchers discovered Vibrio pathogens can stick to microplastics, adapting to plastic, and have aggressive behavior, forming biofilms and causing infections. The study highlights the risks of Sargassum-plastic marine debris interactions, with potential for opportunistic pathogens and disease transmission.
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology identified four affordances of digital technologies facilitating business process integration: accessing, updating, sharing, and initiating. These mechanisms enable automation of information transfer, minimizing effort in business processes.
A new study reveals that Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is a major financial burden on health services in LMICs, with patients experiencing higher costs for postoperative care. Investing in health technologies to reduce SSI could help improve healthcare quality and save lives.
A new UCLA study found that the accuracy of genetically-based disease predictions using polygenic scores (PGSs) varies significantly between individuals, even within traditionally considered homogeneous populations. PGS performance declines as genetic distance increases, and individual ancestry plays a crucial role in determining accur...
A research team proposes a new method to improve AI's ability to learn from limited data, called 'team-knowledge distillation networks'. This approach enables teachers to cooperate and share knowledge, leading to better generalization on unseen tasks. The proposed method addresses the challenge of cross-domain few-shot learning.
Researchers discover allowing imperfection in design can create wider range of 'good enough' solutions, enabling more innovative designs. The study uses simple examples, such as walkways and bird flapping motion, to show that even small tolerances for imperfection open up significant design space.
Researchers at EPFL have developed a technology that allows amputees to feel temperature variations in their phantom limbs, enabling them to discern what they're touching. This breakthrough has led to the development of bionic prosthetics that can provide realistic touch and sensations.
A recent study by Dartmouth researchers finds that global economic losses from El Niño can persist for several years after the event, with a significant impact on the world's poorest nations. The study projects total losses of $84 trillion for the 21st century, highlighting the need for climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies.
A new study predicts that climate change will expose species to potentially dangerous temperatures, leading to an abrupt loss of habitat. The research found that up to 30% of species will be at risk of experiencing unfamiliarly hot temperatures across at least 30% of their geographic range in a single decade.
Researchers discovered that MSH2-MSH3 plays a crucial role in selecting the right DNA repair process by interacting with other proteins during DSB repair. This interaction facilitates error-free homologous recombination and blocks error-prone polymerase theta-mediated end-joining.
Researchers found that cells store extra 'skin' in folds and bumps on their surface to rapidly deploy temporary protrusions. This allows cells to move safely while maintaining cell volume and membrane integrity.
A new study led by University of Florida forest management researcher Victoria Donovan found that as woody plants like shrubs and trees replace herbaceous plants like grasses, spot fires can occur farther away from the original fire perimeter. This 'woody encroachment' increases the risk of structural damage and firefighter safety.
A national panel survey of 2,000 older adults found that 1 in 5 experienced cost-related medication nonadherence due to incorrect pricing. Real-time benefit tools can support medication cost conversations and cost-conscious prescribing, but accurate pricing is crucial to build trust with patients.
Researchers at Michigan State University have created the first annotated Montmorency tart cherry genome, revealing the genetic code behind its complex structure. The discovery provides a foundation for studying bloom time and identifying genes associated with specific fruit traits.
A new assessment by University of Colorado at Boulder researchers reveals that over 50% of the world's largest lakes are losing water. The study found that climate change and unsustainable human consumption are major contributors to this decline, with many lakes in dry and wet regions experiencing significant losses.
Researchers at the Polish Academy of Sciences propose that Higgs boson decays into exotic particles may be detectable in future lepton accelerators like CLIC and FCC. The detection would rely on observing jets of particles produced by quark-antiquark pairs, with characteristic shifts from the axis of the colliding beams.
A new study suggests that increasing induced labor rates in UK maternity services without considering staffing workloads and patient care may have unintended consequences. The study highlights gaps in knowledge on home-based IOL services, with workload perceived to be increased in some cases.
Researchers created a synthetic yeast system that responds to dual oscillatory signals, showing significant enlargement of entrainment region and increased synchronization. The study demonstrates the importance of phase difference in regulating internal oscillator dynamics.
University of Houston researchers create sensitive and reliable sensors for harsh conditions, operating up to 900 degrees Celsius. The sensors, made from flexible ultrawide-bandgap single-crystalline AlN thin films, offer advantages for applications in nuclear plants, neutron exposure, and wearable health care monitoring.
A new study shows that masking and portable air cleaners significantly reduced the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in two Swiss schools during the Omicron wave. The researchers detected salivary and airborne virus concentrations in air samples and students, with a 70% decrease in viral transmission under mask mandates.
A Baylor team created a molecular classifier test to identify patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who may benefit from anti-HER2 therapy alone without chemotherapy. The test accurately predicts the most likely response of a tumor to specific treatment regimens, allowing for personalized de-escalation approaches.
A new virtual coronary roadmap tool has been shown to reduce the volume of iodinated contrast needed during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). The Dynamic Coronary Roadmap (DCR) effectively decreases contrast usage by 28.8%, potentially lowering the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy.
Researchers introduced a conductive fullerene-derivative interlayer to enhance electron transport and increase PCE in all-inorganic perovskite solar cells, improving thermal stability. The interlayer remedies morphology issues, energy level mismatches, and electron traps, resulting in increased efficiency and reduced defects.
A Dutch study found that individuals who feel safe in their neighborhoods lose more weight during lifestyle interventions. Those with higher scores on a safety scale experienced greater decreases in weight and waist circumference, regardless of sex, age, or education level.
Researchers found bacterial DNA in surgical specimens of patients with hip and knee arthritis, revealing a microbiome in previously assumed sterile sites. The most common bacteria were Escherichia, Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, and Pseudomonas.
A WVU researcher is creating mathematical models to predict how bioenergy crops enhance and store soil carbon, potentially spurring renewable energy from biological sources. The model considers factors like plant roots, microbes, and feedstocks to determine net carbon benefits or losses.
The study investigates toxic effects of pesticides (chlorpyrifos, acetochlor, dicofol) on S. costatum growth and chlorophyll-a content, revealing varying toxicity levels among the pesticides. Marine microalgae partially degrade pesticides, with acetochlor showing stronger persistence.
A new study confirms that distal radial artery access is safe and effective for cardiac catheterization, without increasing the risk of hand dysfunction. The one-year findings from the DIPRA study demonstrate comparable outcomes between distal radial artery and conventional proximal radial artery access.
Researchers say current recovery targets do not support culturally vital harvests, calling for a shift to meaningful abundance and distribution of plants and animals. A collaboration between Indigenous leaders and Canadian scientists aims to preserve traditional ways of life and restore nature.
A new study by MIT scientists shows that 40 Hz vibration can reduce levels of the hallmark Alzheimer's protein phosphorylated tau, preserve neurons, and improve motor function in mouse models. This research demonstrates a third sensory modality to increase gamma power in the brain, offering new hope for Alzheimer's treatment.
Researchers found that infrasound sensors can improve magnitude determinations, providing complete data about strong earthquakes. The low-cost sensors, which detect air pressure changes caused by ground movement, can also enhance tsunami warnings and emergency responses.
Rodlescia Sneed aims to scale up the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program for older adults in state prisons, analyzing factors that influence effectiveness. She seeks to maximize program use in prisons and determine maximum effectiveness through user manual creation and future R01 grant testing.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a smart material prototype that can control the direction and intensity of energy waves. This breakthrough could have significant implications for various fields, including military and commercial applications.
Researchers found that disposable diaper waste can replace up to 8% of sand in concrete and mortar used to build a single-story house, reducing construction costs. The study suggests using this unconventional material for low-cost housing in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers used machine learning to identify 'synthetic extreme' DNA sequences that are active in humans but not fruit flies. These rare sequences have potential practical applications in biotechnology and biomedical research.
A global conservation basic income of $5.50 per day for protected areas residents in low- and middle-income countries could cost less than fossil fuel subsidies. This unconditional cash payment targets Indigenous Peoples and local communities to support land stewardship and biodiversity.
Researchers suggest sharing smaller, lightweight EVs to manage resource use in EV batteries. They found that reducing material supply risks requires systemic approaches and investments in new battery technologies.
Researchers have discovered a key mechanism behind zebrafish heart regeneration, which has been found to be evolutionary conserved in human and mouse heart muscle cells. The study suggests that manipulating this mechanism could lead to the development of new therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers investigate the impact of oceanic warming on Antarctic ice shelves, highlighting the role of circumpolar deep water in causing melting and calving. The study emphasizes the need for improved understanding and modeling to predict future sea levels and their effects on coastal communities.
Researchers at Koc University have identified a novel molecular mechanism that can slow down or block muscle wasting in cancer patients. The activation of EDA2R signalling promotes skeletal muscle atrophy, and deleting either EDA2R or NIK enzyme can protect the organism from muscle loss.
McGill researchers are developing a new technique using 3D printing and hydrogels to create biomedical devices that conform to the human body. This emerging technology, called soft ionotronics, has the potential to improve wearable and implantable devices, such as strain sensors for neuromuscular rehabilitation.
Researchers investigated California's oil extraction impact on health and jobs, finding setbacks reduce emissions but lead to job losses. Policies like carbon taxes and excise taxes aim to curb production while minimizing economic harm.
A recent study reveals that 20 insect families globally account for 50% of flying insect diversity, with a large fraction of terrestrial animal biodiversity remaining unknown to science. The study used DNA barcodes to assign specimens to species and found that only a few dominant families dominate flying insect communities worldwide.
A new analysis of the SURMOUNT-1 study shows that tirzepatide improves body composition across a range of adult age groups, with significant reductions in fat mass. The treatment also results in a clinically meaningful improvement in body composition, with only one-quarter of weight lost being lean mass.
Physicist Jin Hu receives second CAREER award from National Science Foundation to investigate topological quantum materials. The award aims to discover novel physics and new materials with advanced functionalities for technology applications.
Researchers have developed an AI algorithm that accurately estimates coastal fish stocks, providing critical data for sustainable management. The tool has the potential to save millions of dollars in annual research costs and bridge the global data and sustainability divide.
Using satellite data from near-real-time (NRT) sources can significantly improve the accuracy of solar wind forecasts, with a potential increase of nearly 50%.
Researchers explored AI applications in remote sensing, including multimodal imagery interpretation, hyperspectral image restoration, and semantic segmentation. These advancements are improving the analysis and processing of satellite data.
The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) has published a report establishing evidence-based recommendations for orthogonal confirmation practices of germline variants detected by next-generation sequencing. The guidelines aim to promote standardization, transparency, and quality improvement among laboratories.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions (SCAI) has released an expert consensus on the management of in-stent restenosis and stent thrombosis. The guidelines emphasize frequent use of intracoronary imaging to determine the precise etiology and guide selection of treatment options.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge have created a solar-powered technology that converts carbon dioxide and water into liquid fuels like ethanol and propanol. These fuels have high energy density and produce no net carbon emissions, making them a promising alternative to fossil fuels.
Stanford University scientists have invented a low-cost, recyclable powder that kills thousands of waterborne bacteria per second when exposed to ordinary sunlight. The new disinfectant consists of nano-size flakes of aluminum oxide, molybdenum sulfide, copper, and iron oxide.
Scientists have discovered weak, fossilised sediments beneath the seafloor of Antarctica's eastern Ross Sea, which led to massive underwater landslides. These layers made the area susceptible to failure due to past climate change.
A Rensselaer research team led by Sangwoo Lee found that crystal structures are not always regularly arranged. The discovery has implications for materials used in semiconductors, solar panels, and electric vehicle technologies.
Luis Cuello, a professor at TTUHSC, has developed a method to express human potassium channels in bacteria, allowing for large-scale biophysical studies. This technology will be used to target several channels relevant to diseases such as epilepsy, arrhythmia, and diabetes.
Dr. John H. Bushweller's team at UVA Cancer Center is developing novel drugs to block abnormal proteins that cause pediatric leukemia. The new approach aims to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity, potentially leading to better patient outcomes.
Research highlights challenges in scalability and sustainability of stroke care quality improvement efforts, with multifaceted patient needs requiring multidisciplinary teams. The study identifies five key gaps in stroke quality improvement research, emphasizing the need for policy evaluation and comparison of hospital performance data.
SCAI honored J. Dawn Abbott, MD, FSCAI and Douglas E. Drachman, MD, FSCAI with the Mason Sones Award for Distinguished Service for their efforts in education and quality of care. The Society also recognized Theodore A. Bass, MD, MSCAI, and Lee N. Benson, MD, MSCAI with lifetime service awards for their substantial contributions to SCAI.
Research suggests that simple initiatives to promote lower-calorie options on delivery apps can significantly reduce the average excess calorie content of orders. The interventions tested included pre-selecting smaller portions, positioning lower-calorie foods and restaurants more prominently, and displaying calorie labels.
A third-party analysis found that Impella support led to a greater extent of revascularization and lower heart failure and angina symptoms in patients undergoing high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The study showed a 40% greater reduction in residual SYNTAX Score post-PCI with Impella compared to IABP.
A study in Washington state found that when wolves and cougars moved into an area, coyotes and bobcats shifted their movements into regions with higher levels of human activity. However, it was humans who finished off the smaller predators, with over half of the coyotes killed by people during the study period.
A new national study of over 50,000 US adolescents reveals a strong association between vaping nicotine and increased likelihood of high-level cannabis usage and binge drinking. The findings highlight the need for sustained interventions to address co-occurring substance use among young people.
Brazilian researchers found that corticosteroids increase endocannabinoid production and decrease platelet-activating factor levels in COVID-19 patients. This discovery points to potential new treatments for severe inflammatory and neurological diseases.
Stuart Henderson, director of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, has been recognized by Inside Business as one of the top movers and shakers in the Hampton Roads region. The recognition highlights the lab's present and future mission and its impact on the local economy and research landscape.
Scientists have identified a key event controlling the timing of biological clocks, which could lead to therapies for sleep disorders and clock disruption. The study found that a genetic mutation shortens the clock cycle in people with Familial Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome.
Entangling low-energy microwave with high-energy optical photons is a crucial step to overcome challenges in scaling up existing quantum hardware. The achievement has implications for realizing interconnects to other quantum computing platforms and novel quantum-enhanced remote sensing applications.
Research suggests whole body cryostimulation improves cholesterol and blood sugar levels in individuals with obesity. After two weeks, the WBC group experienced a greater reduction in waist circumference and blood glucose levels compared to the sham treatment.
The native gromwell plant, a crucial element in traditional Japanese culture, is facing severe threats from disease and cross-breeding with non-native species. Researchers at Kyoto University are leading efforts to raise awareness of the plant's significance and promote conservation initiatives.
A new spinosaurid dinosaur species, Protathlitis cinctorrensis, has been identified in Spain, revealing insights into the evolutionary history of medium-to-large bodied spinosaurids. The discovery estimates the specimen to be around 10-11 meters long and suggests that spinosaurids may have originated in Europe before migrating to Afric...
Researchers developed a method to detect forest disturbance by combining strengths from time-series algorithms and 2-date detection methods. The new technique facilitates more effective forest management and policy.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a new design of polymeric hole transport materials for perovskite quantum dot solar cells. The new polymers exhibit increased charge mobility and stability without the use of dopants, leading to improved power conversion efficiency.
Researchers found that a mutation in RPL3L, expressed only in heart and skeletal muscle, leads to impaired cardiac contractility by causing ribosomal collisions and protein folding abnormalities. The study aims to develop new treatments for cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that historical memories have a lasting impact on consumer behavior, particularly in the automotive industry. The research analyzed vehicle registration data and archival records to show how past conflicts can affect car sales, with Japanese cars experiencing significant drops in sales...
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen and University of Oxford found that kissing was practiced in ancient Mesopotamia around 4,500 years ago, challenging previous hypotheses. The discovery suggests that kissing may have played a role in the transmission of diseases like herpes simplex virus 1.
Researchers Troels Arbøll and Sophie Rasmussen review ancient DNA, cultural works, and medical records to show that kissing-transmitted diseases like HSV-1 were present in ancient periods, contradicting some recent studies. The emergence of romantic-sexual kissing may have had a secondary effect on disease transmission.
A novel assay system has been developed to validate ECHS1 gene variants, enabling rapid diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases. The assay quickly pinpointed a new synonymous substitution causing a splicing abnormality in ECHS1 variants, providing a robust platform for variant interpretation.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Immunology suggests that cutaquig infusions at higher infusion rates and volumes are well-tolerated and effective, with reduced infusion time, fewer injection sites, and improved compliance. The study results will be presented at the Clinical Immunology Society 2023 Annual Meeting.
A study led by UC San Francisco found that breastfeeding duration increased by an average of 18% among U.S. women during the pandemic, with white and high-income women experiencing the largest gains. The study suggests that a national paid family leave policy could improve breastfeeding rates and reduce health inequities.
A team has developed a new approach to disentangle the activity-selectivity tradeoff in catalytic conversion of syngas to light olefins, achieving high CO conversion and selectivity. The strategy involves incorporating germanium-substituted aluminophosphates within the OXZEO catalyst concept.
Researchers from FSU analyzed the California Current Ecosystem's carbon sequestration, discovering that sinking particles are the primary process transporting organic carbon to the deep ocean. They also found that ocean currents and zooplankton contribute significantly to this process.
A recent study analyzed over half a million tweets from 2017 to 2022, finding that social media plays a crucial role in corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts. The study identified key topics, including sustainability, climate change, and waste management, as well as areas of growth and decline in CSR communication.
A cross-sectional analysis of 2,200 individuals with sickle cell disease found associations between employment status, sex, age, and depression with pain frequency. Comprehensive treatment for SCD must consider the full experiences of patients, including mental health impacts on pain reduction.
A global analysis by Fangfang Yao et al. reveals a widespread decline in lake water storage, with 53% of the world's largest lakes experiencing significant losses over the last 28 years. Climate warming, increased evapotranspiration, and human water consumption are identified as major drivers of this decline.
A new, rapid platform detects pathogens on produce in three to six hours, improving risk reduction strategies for the produce industry. The technology uses multi-spectral imaging and deep UV sensing to identify opportunistic human pathogens.
Provision of over-the-counter hearing aids associated with greater uptake of hearing intervention and improved patient quality of life. The study found that OTC hearing aids are cost-effective when prices exceed $55 per device.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame found that forgetting occurs when environmental cues fail to trigger one's memory of an intention. They discovered that prospective memory errors can happen to anyone and have serious implications for exonerating parents who mistakenly forget to retrieve their children from cars.
A recent study found that COVID-19 infection can lead to increased infarct growth and ongoing tissue consumption even after successful reperfusion through angiography. This suggests a potentially aggressive clinical course for patients with COVID-19 and large-vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke.
Researchers have developed a solvent-free process to manufacture lithium-ion battery electrodes that are greener and cheaper than traditional methods. The new process produces electrodes that can charge faster, with a capacity of 78% in just 20 minutes.