Articles tagged with Information Processing
Researchers found that right hippocampal theta power hierarchically encodes the distance between current position and goal destination. The study used intracranial electroencephalography recordings from epilepsy patients performing a virtual navigation task.
A pilot study found that remote aerobic walking exercise training improved cognitive processing speed in fully ambulatory persons with MS. The study, which showed high adherence rates, supports the design of a large-scale randomized controlled trial.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science have created a photonic device that provides programmable on-chip information processing without lithography. This breakthrough enables superior accuracy and flexibility for AI applications, overcoming limitations of traditional electronic systems.
A new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that ChatGPT's responses were preferred by a panel of licensed healthcare professionals 79% of the time. The AI model was also rated higher in terms of quality and empathy, with good or very good quality responses being 3.6 times higher for ChatGPT than physicians.
A recent study found that humans process social situations similarly, with an extensive neural network processing various social information. The study identified main dimensions of social perception, including antisocial behavior, sexual or affiliative behavior, and communication.
A new study finds that clear and accurate information about the cause of death, provided in multiple formats, can influence family members' decisions to seek follow-up screening for inherited heart conditions. The study suggests that communication from death investigators and health care professionals is crucial in addressing families'...
A new study by University of Houston psychologist Adam Fetterman found that neighborhood apps are associated with inaccurate perceptions of higher local crime rates. The frequent use of such services by a large portion of the population suggests important implications for perceptions and behaviors related to people's neighborhoods.
Researchers at the University of Missouri are acquiring a new transmission electron microscope (TEM) with a $800,000 grant from the National Science Foundation. The TEM will allow them to conduct experiments in real-time and gain a greater understanding of material structure at an atomic level.
A new generation of software, MZmine 3, enables scientists to analyze large volumes of data from mass spectrometry, tracing hundreds of thousands of chemical compounds. This breakthrough accelerates data processing and opens up opportunities for researchers to investigate disease causes and mechanisms.
Researchers at MIT have proposed a new approach to making qubits and controlling them using beams of light from two lasers of slightly different colors. This method enables the direct manipulation of nuclear spin, allowing for precise identification and mapping of isotopes, as well as improved coherence times for quantum memory.
Researchers studied functional brain connectivity in fighter pilots to understand its relevance to astronauts. They found specific brain connectivity patterns that may aid in training programs for pilots and astronauts.
A large study of 2.8 million patients found no direct link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and new-onset alcohol use disorder, suggesting other factors at play during the pandemic
A study published in CANCER found that people's defensive beliefs can prevent them from taking at-home stool tests for colorectal cancer screening. Individuals who reacted defensively were more likely to believe that a healthy lifestyle or regular bowel movements mean they don't need to be screened.
A study with human subjects found that varying training conditions led to better generalization of task performance, even in the presence of irrelevant stimuli. This suggests that more variability in training can lead to improved learning outcomes by enabling the brain to create invariant representations.
Researchers identified 7 key symptoms of long COVID, including heart issues and joint pain, in a study of 52,461 patients. The findings could help healthcare providers diagnose and treat the condition more effectively.
A study by the University of Arizona found that when participants were in a negative mood, they were more careful and analytical, scrutinizing what was stated in a text. In contrast, a happy mood led to a less analytical state, with participants relying on default world knowledge.
The NPIPVis system combines data visualization and machine learning to analyze NBA game data, predicting player performance and team outcomes. By integrating multiple techniques, such as PAOHvis and iStoryline, users can gain a deeper understanding of the data and make informed decisions.
A new study suggests that the brain's ability to identify a voice is linked to its ability to recognize faces, with a common brain center processing both visual and auditory information. This finding has important implications for understanding disorders where voice or face recognition is compromised.
The James Webb Space Telescope has captured infrared images of a population of red spiral galaxies at unprecedented resolution, revealing their morphology in detail. These galaxies are among the farthest known spiral galaxies and suggest that such spiral galaxies existed in large numbers in the early universe.
Research found that sounds can influence how we perceive objects visually, making related sounds prioritize certain features. This effect was observed in three experiments, showing that audio input influences object-morph selection speed and accuracy when played during visual discrimination phase.
A new Dartmouth study uses a subjective approach to investigate how people perceive social interactions. The results show that the brain responds more strongly to information interpreted as social versus non-social, highlighting humans' tendency to see social connections.
Researchers developed a spreadsheet tool to analyze large comment samples and identify themes within patient comments. The HCP Review Comment Analysis Tool allows providers to easily analyze patient comments and identify actionable measures of patient satisfaction, providing insights into specific actions by healthcare practitioners.
Researchers developed a new machine-learning framework that enables cooperative or competitive AI agents to consider the future behaviors of all agents, not just their teammates or competitors. This framework, FURTHER, uses two modules: an inference module and a reinforcement learning module, to enable agents to adapt their behaviors a...
A novel multi-modal image retrieval system, DenseBert4Ret, has been developed by researchers from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) using deep learning algorithms. The system outperforms state-of-the-art models in retrieving images based on both image and text features.
Deep learning models can become less accurate in recognizing specific categories of images, sounds, or text after network pruning. Researchers demonstrate a technique to address this challenge, improving the fairness of deep learning models.
A recent study published in Engineering Construction & Architectural Management identified the main obstacles preventing digital transformation in the engineering and construction industry. The three main problems are a lack of laws and regulations, a lack of support and leadership, and a lack of resources and professionals.
Researchers discovered that dormant bacterial spores can evaluate their environment without waking up, using stored electrochemical energy to determine favorable conditions. They found that spores release their energy to perform a computation about their surroundings, similar to how neurons operate in the brain.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered that tufted cells in the olfactory bulb are better at recognizing smells than mitral cells. This finding sheds light on how the brain processes sensory information, including smell intensity and identity.
Rice undergrad Colter Decker creates programmable, air-driven circuits that can perform Boolean functions using compressed air. The system combines digital and analog components, simplifying the overall architecture and achieving new capabilities.
A new neurocomputational model introduces a three-level information processing framework to understand brain development and cognition. The model focuses on Hebbian learning and reinforcement learning, highlighting two fundamental mechanisms for multilevel cognitive ability development in biological neural networks.
Researchers have successfully achieved efficient spin injection and transport in antiferromagnetic hybrids, paving the way for room-temperature spintronics devices. The study, led by Igor Barsukov at UC Riverside, shows promise for ultra-fast and energy-efficient information storage and processing.
A new University of Illinois project aims to improve undergraduate students' ability to estimate their knowledge using artificial intelligence methods. The researchers will utilize machine learning to anticipate student performance and provide personalized feedback to enhance studying strategies.
A team led by Professor Song Min Kim developed a system that can support concurrent communications for tens of millions of IoT devices using backscattering millimeter-level waves. The system offers internet connectivity on a mass scale to IoT devices at a low installation cost.
A study by Max Planck Institute for Human Development found that children use spontaneous strategy changes and broader attentional focus to achieve better results, similar to adults. This broadens the understanding of learning behavior in children.
Researchers at Boston University developed an AI-powered computational model that can detect cognitive impairment from audio recordings of neuropsychological tests. The model was trained on over 1,000 individuals and accurately distinguished between healthy individuals and those with dementia.
A new study takes inspiration from the 'waggle dance' of honeybees to devise a way for robots to communicate effectively in situations with unreliable network communications. Researchers designed a visual communication system using on-board cameras, allowing robots to interpret gestures and convey complex information.
Scientists at the University of Oxford have created a new type of computing processor that uses light to process information, achieving speeds faster than traditional electronics. By leveraging multiple polarisation channels, the researchers increased computing density by several orders of magnitude, paving the way for more efficient p...
A study of HealthCare.gov Marketplace enrollment data from 2015 to 2021 found that 32% of enrollees lacked reported race or ethnicity information. Disproportionately, Black and Hispanic individuals were more likely to have missing data, suggesting the marketplace may serve a more diverse population than indicated by self-reported data.
Researchers at the Sainsbury Wellcome Centre discovered that brain area communication is dynamic and changes over rapid timespans, with influences varying on a fast timescale. This finding suggests that cortical areas may control different aspects of processing in downstream regions over very short time spans.
A new training algorithm for deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) uses biologically plausible spatiotemporal adjustment to improve performance and reduce energy consumption. This approach achieves competitive classification accuracy with only 3% of the energy used by traditional artificial neural networks.
Researchers developed a methodological framework to ensure web data validity in marketing studies. The study provides recommendations for addressing challenges in collecting and using web data via web scraping and APIs.
A study conducted by Kaunas University of Technology researchers analyzed how people with Alzheimer's disease process visual information from faces. The study found that brain signals in patients are significantly noisier, making it harder for them to focus and be attentive.
Researchers found that neurons in the fly's lateral horn play a crucial role in evaluating individual odors and mediating odor-guided behavior. The study identified glutamatergic neurons as key players in this process, which enables flies to recognize good or bad odors.
A new study by Bar-Ilan University researchers reveals that synchronized brain activity is crucial for information transfer between brain regions. Increasing synchronization improves transmission and processing of information, while decreasing it impairs cognitive function. This finding may contribute to the development of treatments f...
Snap Inc has endowed a professorship at TU Graz to develop visionary software methods in camera technology and explore new approaches to visual information processing. The professorship will pursue new application ideas for mixed reality, including the fusion of photos with computer-generated content.
A new distributed learning technique, GD-SEC, reduces communication requirements in wireless architecture, improving efficiency and reducing computational cost. The method employs data compression to transmit only meaningful, usable data, enhancing the impact of machine learning while minimizing its limitations.
The study found that the fragile X protein regulates the opening and closing of the GABA-A receptor in neurons from the brain's memory center, influencing how such neurons process information. This nuanced understanding may hold the key to developing effective therapies for fragile X syndrome.
Scientists at Rochester and Erlangen develop logic gates that operate at femtosecond timescales, paving the way for ultrafast electronics and information processing. The breakthrough involves harnessing and independently controlling real and virtual charge carriers in gold-graphene-gold junctions with laser pulses.
Xie aims to develop algorithms that reflect human domain knowledge and reasoning patterns, increasing trust in machine learning models. He also explores algorithmic fairness, considering multiple perspectives on what's considered fair, to address concerns about biased decision-making.
Researchers have discovered a way to mitigate significant losses in spin current transport by integrating an atom-thin insulator between materials. This innovation has important implications for energy-efficient and ultra-fast storage technologies, as well as applications in terahertz emitters and other spintronic devices.
The study reveals that superconductors can transmit spin currents between magnets, allowing for controlled magnetic interactions and modifying the magnetic response. This breakthrough enables new approaches to information processing using magnetic materials at low temperatures.
Researchers at the University of Missouri are applying AI to analyze protein dynamics, identifying potential target sites for new drug therapies. The approach can simulate protein changes related to conditions like cancer, enhancing the chances of successful therapies.
Researchers developed a light-controllable time-domain digital coding metasurface that can manipulate microwave reflection spectra by time-varying light signals. The metasurface platform produces harmonics based on phase modulation, generating symmetrical harmonics and white-noiselike spectra.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover that brain parses information through interactions of waves of neural activity, changing how data is processed and affecting attention and focus.
A study by Tokyo University of Science researchers used WCNs with increasing n values to find features of language that cannot be analyzed using existing WCNs. They found important features in networks with more than three co-occurrences, independent of text data.
Researchers develop a new method to reconstruct the states of complex nonlinear systems based on time series data. The approach optimizes reconstruction parameters by focusing on the geometric structure of attractors, resulting in improved accuracy.
Neurobiologist Marion Silies is investigating how various visual systems adapt to specific environments and behavioral conditions. She will use fruit flies as an animal model to understand visual processing mechanisms and their adaptation to differing conditions.
A landmark study found that autistic individuals think as quickly and rationally as non-autistic people, challenging the idea that autism is a mental processing disorder. The research suggests that certain fundamental processes are more similar between autistic and non-autistic individuals than previously thought.
Researchers used a contrast pattern mining algorithm on publicly available data from 16,000 participants in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. The study found individuals with an immediate family history of Type 1 diabetes were more frequently diagnosed with hypertension and other co-occurring conditions.
Researchers reexamined hundreds of experiments on neural activity and consciousness, finding that experiment parameters determine results. The study used artificial intelligence to predict which theory would be supported by each experiment with 80% success.