A recent astronomical observation supports theoretical modeling, revealing a new observational fingerprint of neutron-star mergers that may shed light on the production of heavy elements throughout the universe. The detection pushes our understanding of gamma-ray bursts to the limits and breaks the standard idea of these events.
A study by Hokkaido University reveals that the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has caused more frequent heavy rainfall in the Mekong Delta, resulting in increased flooding risk. The findings suggest that better weather predictions and preparation can help mitigate the negative effects of floods and droughts in the region.
A husband-and-wife research team at UC Riverside found a simpler gene network is involved in specifying the gut in nematodes related to Caenorhabditis elegans. The discovery was made possible by the COVID-19 pandemic, which freed up time for the researchers to explore their question of how nematodes develop their gut.
Researchers found that germicidal UV lamps can significantly decrease SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission risk, but also produce secondary VOCs and particulate matter, impacting indoor air quality. The study recommends using GUV systems in high-risk environments where benefits outweigh drawbacks.
Researchers used WGS data of 10,585 people from China to construct the first blood virological profile of the Chinese population. The study identified 14 viruses widely present in the population, including hepatitis B virus, which was detected in 1.69% of individuals.
A new undergraduate research program at the University of Arizona aims to address local health issues in Arizona using a community-based approach. The PHIRE program recruits 60 students annually for training in health informatics and places them in research projects relevant to their communities.
Researchers have identified three new genes, SHMT1, FAM120B, and ICA1L, and their expressed proteins that may be involved in the development of multiple sclerosis. The study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying the disease and prioritizes promising targets for future therapy research.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in producing infectious Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites without the need for mosquitoes, paving the way for more effective malaria vaccines. This achievement accelerates the ability to study the parasite's biology and develop new tools for vaccine development.
Researchers found that a vaccine against the toxin produced by E. coli protects infant mice from intestinal damage, suggesting it could boost global efforts to combat childhood malnutrition. Vaccinating kids against E. coli diarrhea may prevent long-term effects like stunting and micronutrient deficiencies.
The SURGE Topical Theory Collaboration aims to develop calculations and a theoretical framework for discovering the saturated state of gluons. Scientists hope to gain deeper insight into the strong force and gluons' role in generating hadron properties.
Two independent teams of astronomers detected the unexpected hallmarks of a kilonova after a long gamma-ray burst, challenging the prevailing theory that long GRBs exclusively come from supernovae. The discovery was made possible by the proximity of the event and the sensitivity of telescopes like Gemini North.
A 120-million-year-old bird fossil called Yuanchuavis kompsosoura reveals a mosaic of dinosaurian and bird traits, including a feathered body with wings, a toothed mouth, and an immovable dinosaurian palate. The study provides clues about the origin of cranial kinesis, a fundamental feature of modern bird skulls.
Researchers found particulate air pollution concentrations between 10 to 20 times higher inside the Copenhagen Metro system compared to street level. The concentrations measured at stations were 109-168 µg m−3, exceeding EU's 25 µg m−3 standard.
In Germany, community participation in decision-making processes and sharing of financial benefits from renewables projects enhanced public support. However, recent delays and corporate investments have led to resentment. In contrast, Australia's decentralized approach to its power grid, including community energy projects, aims to bri...
Researchers at UMass Amherst calculated pre-agricultural soil erosion rates in the Midwest, finding them to be 0.04 mm per year, significantly lower than the USDA's current limit of 1 mm per year. Modern agriculture has accelerated erosion rates, threatening topsoil and global food security.
The City of Tempe and Arizona State University have developed a unique partnership to track COVID-19 using wastewater-based epidemiology, providing early warning data for municipalities. The system has been shown to reliably predict SARS-CoV-2 levels in city ZIP codes up to 11 days ahead of clinical testing results.
A study by Sanford Burnham Prebys found that misfolded proteins in liver cells contribute to liver cancer development, potentially increasing the risk of certain patients receiving gene therapies for hemophilia. Improving FVIII folding could decrease this risk and develop safer treatments.
A KAUST research team studied the interaction between nitrogen gas and hydrocarbons in oil reservoirs. They found a direct correlation between nitrogen solubility and oil swelling, enhancing oil recovery. The study also sheds light on CO2 storage with impurities like methane and nitrogen.
A study published in the Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences found that hospital parking fees significantly correlate with cancer center address transit score and city cost of living across Western Canada. Cities with higher cost of living have less free parking, exacerbating economic burdens on patients.
A study published in the Journal of Dentistry found that patients with unexplained brain abscesses were three times more likely to have oral bacteria present. The researchers also discovered significantly higher counts of Streptococcus anginosus, a bacterium linked to dental abscesses and infections in internal organs.
The phase 1 and phase 2 studies showed that ARV-471 was well-tolerated and could promote substantial estrogen receptor degradation in patients with advanced disease. The study has led to a randomized phase 3 trial comparing ARV-471 with a SERD in patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.
Researchers create a soft robot that can detect damage and heal itself using stretchable fiber-optic sensors and polyurethane urea elastomer. The SHeaLDS technology provides a damage-resistant robot that can self-heal from cuts, and the researchers plan to integrate it with machine learning algorithms for more tasks.
A UCLA-developed wearable patch analyzes fluid underneath the skin to continuously record medicine concentrations in the body. The technology shows reliable forecasts of total effective medication delivery, offering a step toward improving doctors' ability to administer precise doses.
A study on the flagellate Angomonas deanei reveals how host cells control their bacterial symbionts through protein transfer. This process enabled the bacteria to become cell organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, with reduced genomes and controlled metabolism.
A large-scale study has found a clear relationship between the composition of the microbiome and depression. A diverse microbiome was associated with lower rates of depression, while an underrepresented microbiome was linked to increased depressive symptoms. This association is as strong as established risk factors for depression.
A study by Michael Hurd and Susann Rohwedder found that real spending adjusted for inflation declined at annual rates of about 1.7% and 2.4% after age 65, contradicting traditional wisdom that spending will increase during older age.
A University of California Riverside study found that Salton Sea dust triggers lung neutrophil inflammation in mice, with potential implications for asthma sufferers and other terminal lake regions. The research highlights the need for further funding to understand dust-triggered inflammation and its effects on human health.
A phase II clinical trial evaluating neoadjuvant trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-low breast cancer demonstrated a 75% overall response rate. The study also showed that T-DXd was relatively safe and may provide a translational framework for future studies on combination regimens.
Researchers develop new method to identify crucial protein fragments driving autoimmunity, enabling better diagnostics and therapies. The study finds cross-reactivity between human and microbial proteins drives autoimmunity in at least two diseases.
A large genetic study found that more than 2,300 genes predict alcohol and tobacco use behaviors, with a majority shared among people of European, African, American, and Asian ancestries. The study's findings have the potential to identify individuals at high risk for substance misuse.
A new study by the University of East Anglia highlights the risks of relying on nature-based solutions, such as forests and soils, to achieve net-zero emissions. The research warns that these solutions may not be enough to offset the remaining difficult-to-decarbonize emissions if progress on reducing fossil fuel use stalls.
Researchers have developed a scaled-up version of a probabilistic computer using stochastic spintronic devices, suitable for combinatorial optimization and machine learning. The new design combines conventional semiconductor chips with modified spintronic devices, achieving massive improvements in throughput and power consumption.
A new study by University of Toronto researchers found that a strong majority of those diagnosed with COPD were in excellent mental health. 87% of older Canadians with COPD had no mental illness, highlighting the importance of social support and interventions to promote well-being.
Researchers developed magnetic microrobots that can bind and isolate S. aureus from milk, improving dairy safety. The 'MagRobots' use antibodies to target the bacteria, allowing for efficient pathogen isolation while preserving naturally occurring microbes.
Administration of vaccine boosters to nursing home residents significantly reduces SARS-CoV-2 infections and hospitalizations. The study suggests that booster vaccination may play a crucial role in preventing COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality among vulnerable populations.
A longitudinal study from UMass Amherst reveals that peer mentorship enhances female engineering students' confidence, motivation, and academic outcomes. The study, which tracked 150 female students over eight years, showed that female mentees with female mentors reported greater belonging, motivation, and confidence.
A recent study published in Molecular Psychiatry reveals a genetic link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Alzheimer's disease in older adults. Researchers used a polygenic risk score to analyze the relationship between ADHD genetic predisposition and cognitive decline, finding a higher risk of developing Alzhe...
Researchers found that dietary saturated/trans fats, but not cholesterol, can trigger hepatic angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in mice, leading to the promotion of hepatic tumors. This process is driven by the JNK-HIF1α-VEGF-C axis.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have identified mechanisms that activate oncogenes in cancer cells, providing insights into predicting and treating the disease. The study found that structural variants in DNA can impact gene expression, leading to cancer, but most variants have no effect.
Alzheimer's disease is a growing health concern, affecting two-thirds of dementia patients. Prof. Michael Heneka's MINIALZ project aims to study immune cells and neurons in the brain to better understand disease progression and develop new diagnostic tools.
A research team used photogrammetry to build 3D models of flowers from two-dimensional images, gaining new insights into the shape and color of flowers. The technique allows for detailed study of flowers' morphology and colors, which act like magnets to attract pollinators.
Researchers have developed a text-to-audio model that can generate coherent and relevant music and sound from text, opening up new avenues for creative application and exploration. The model employed data compression methods to improve output quality and reduce training time.
A study published in the Journal of Consumer Research found that individuals who are feeling tense due to time pressures and financial constraints tend not to reward themselves with gifts or experiences. However, when researchers encouraged participants to engage in self-gifting activities, they reported increased happiness and relaxat...
The researchers successfully designed a BSA-magnetite nanotorpedo to deliver chemotherapy drugs, overcoming leakage issues and prolonging half-life in blood circulation. The nanotorpedo showed superior biosafety, stability, intracellular transport, and tumor inhibition, presenting great prospects for drug delivery in nanomedicine.
Scientists have identified two-million-year-old DNA fragments in northern Greenland's Ice Age sediment, providing insights into the past ecosystem and its potential to predict climate change. The discovery has sparked hopes that it could help academics build a picture of the DNA evolution of species still in existence today.
Researchers found that certain glycoalkaloids in plants like potatoes and tomatoes can inhibit cancer cell growth and promote cancer cell death. These compounds have huge potential for future treatments and may be used to develop new cancer drugs.
Insulin pump use has grown over two decades but disparities persist among racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. Youth from lower-income backgrounds and minority groups are less likely to use insulin pumps.
A new study published in PLOS ONE suggests that different styles of social media use—passive, reactive and interactive—are related to psychological well-being. Interactive users reported greater feelings of social connectedness than passive or reactive users.
A new study suggests that Native American tribes once used controlled burns to weaken climate's impact on wildfires. For roughly 400 years, cultural burning practices appear to have broken the link between climate conditions and fire activity in the southwestern United States. This ancient approach may hold lessons for modern wildfire ...
A large cohort study in Tanzania found that antiviral treatment can reduce the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child by 99.5%. The study suggests that achieving the World Health Organization's goal of eliminating mother-to-child transmission is possible with modern antiviral drugs.
Engaged feeding practices, such as recognizing fullness cues and responsive feeding, can help parents guide their children towards healthier eating habits. By adopting these practices, parents can create a positive relationship with food that lasts into adulthood.
The Faraday Institution has launched the Battery Parameter eXchange (BPX) standard to provide a common language for accurate battery modeling. Physics-based models can deliver accuracy in long-term performance but have been limited by a lack of a common definition.
A new study estimates that at least 2.5 million 'sandwich generation' caregivers are serving as primary caregivers for both older and younger family members. These women face higher rates of financial difficulty and emotional distress compared to their peers who only care for an older adult.
A recent systematic review found that inclusion neither increases nor decreases learning and psychosocial adjustment in children with multiple disabilities. Individual assessments are crucial to determine each child's specific needs. The study highlights the importance of personalized approaches to support children with special needs.
A new analytical method has been developed to map climatic and environmental processes at high temporal resolution, revealing an abrupt intensification of seasonality in the tropical ocean during the last period of global climate change. This provides evidence of how global climate changes affect local, seasonal temperature variations.
A new study led by University of Colorado Denver professor Sara Yeatman found that exposure to the 2009 Colorado Family Planning Initiative increased women's bachelor's degree completion rates. The research tracked thousands of women over 11 years, revealing a six to 12 percent increase in college attainment.
Persistent pain was common among US adults aged 65+, with declines in physical function (64% persistent pain, 59% intermittent) and well-being (48% persistent pain, 45% intermittent). Cognitive decline was not significantly affected. The study highlights the importance of access to effective treatment for persistent pain in older adults.
The updated guideline provides recommendations on the use of radiation therapy and systemic therapy after surgery to treat patients with endometrial cancer. It considers the role of surgical staging and molecular profiling techniques in determining whether a patient should receive post-operative therapy.
Research found that sounds can influence how we perceive objects visually, making related sounds prioritize certain features. This effect was observed in three experiments, showing that audio input influences object-morph selection speed and accuracy when played during visual discrimination phase.
Scientists have identified the ancient yeast species necessary for lager beer production in Europe, with a previously unknown parent strain found in Ireland. The discovery sheds new light on the history of brewing and suggests that natural populations of the yeast may still remain hidden in European forests.
A study published in Nature reveals that cells' inability to repair DNA damage caused by aldehydes increases the risk of developing head and neck tumors, particularly in patients with Fanconi anemia. The findings also suggest a link between smoking and drinking, which can lead to similar genetic mutations.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield used ancient DNA to reveal large-scale immigration in Early Bronze Age Orkney, contrary to popular belief. The findings also showed unusual female-dominated immigration during this period.
A recent gamma-ray burst has been identified as a kilonova, shedding light on the merging of neutron stars and black holes. The event produced an excess of infrared light and lasted about a minute, contradicting the typical short duration of such explosions.
Researchers found that while humans excel at categorizing interactions between humans, dogs, and monkeys, they struggle to predict aggressive behaviors in both species. Participants performed poorly on identifying aggression in dogs and humans, suggesting a potential bias towards assuming good intentions from others.
Researchers developed a novel liquid-phase laser irradiation route to fabricate Fe(a)@C-Fe3O4/CNTs catalyst, exhibiting superior activity toward electrocatalytic coupling of CO2 and NO3- for urea synthesis. The synergistic catalytic effect contributes excellent electrocatalytic performance.
Researchers have developed an algorithm to detect pressure activity indicative of dust devils in the Mojave Desert, which can inform their formation and life cycles on Mars. The study aims to improve Martian weather models and enhance robotic missions.
Researchers developed a Janus carbon electrocatalyst with different heteroatom doping levels on both sides to resolve the trade-off between intrinsic activity and electronic conductivity. The hybrid showed significantly improved activity in hydrazine oxidation reactions compared to single counterparts and physical mixtures.
Researchers found that rusty center pivots indicate a lack of nitrate in the groundwater they feed. In fact, most wells supplying full-rust and part-rust pivots had nitrate concentrations below the EPA's safety threshold. However, some part-rust pivots showed higher nitrate levels, highlighting the need for further investigation.
Researchers discovered a new ancient branch of life, Provora, comprising microbial predators that nibble prey to death. These microbes, called nibblerids and nebulids, were found in marine habitats globally and differ by 170-180 nucleotides from all other living things.
Scientists have discovered a long-sought plant water loss-regulating sensor, composed of two proteins working together to regulate stomatal movements in response to changing CO2 concentrations. This finding has significant implications for trees, crops, and wildfires, as well as efficient plant water use and CO2 uptake.
Researchers found that the Southern Hemisphere is stormier than the Northern, with a 24% difference attributed to ocean circulation and mountain ranges in the Northern Hemisphere. The study also shows that storminess has increased since the 1980s, consistent with climate change forecasts.
Researchers explored how customers react to positive emotions from AI chatbots compared to human agents. They found that adding emotions doesn't necessarily improve service quality or customer satisfaction.
A new investigation from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing found that patients perceived important benefits from Cancer Clinical Trials (CCT) participation, which was associated with trial retention. The study suggests that understanding these perceptions is crucial for improving trial retention rates.
Researchers developed a novel photocatalyst combining graphitic carbon nitride and sodium yttrium fluoride nanocrystals, extending light absorption to near-infrared region. The hybrid material exhibited enhanced solar harvesting ability and accelerated interfacial charge transfer, leading to improved solar-driven hydrogen evolution rates.
An experimental music piece by Alvin Lucier can be used to reveal details of the surrounding room and teach important lessons about acoustic resonance. Students can analyze the frequencies that make up the recording to determine which frequencies are resonances of the room, and then calculate the distance between pairs of walls.
Computational models of bacterial cell walls can predict interactions with antimicrobials, enabling rapid screening for effective molecules. The models reveal differences in cell wall permeability between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
The Global Roadmap for Healthy Longevity aims to design societies that benefit both older and younger individuals. Investing in the health, well-being, and purpose of older adults can yield great rewards for all ages, fostering productive lives, social capital, and a sense of fulfillment.
Researchers develop an algorithm to automate feature extraction from HD maps and point cloud data. The model achieved high precision in detecting road signs and traffic lights, with zero false detections.
A study published by Tufts University has found a link between higher levels of vitamin D in brain tissue and improved cognitive function in adults. The research, which analyzed brain tissue from over 200 participants, suggests that vitamin D may play a role in protecting the aging brain against diseases such as Alzheimer's.
Scientists discovered that an artificial cell membrane can exhibit long-term potentiation, a hallmark of biological learning and memory, persisting for many hours. This finding has the potential to revolutionize next-generation computing materials and architectures by merging functions of processing and memory in neuromorphic computers.
A retrospective cohort study of 1,404 subjects with type 2 diabetes found that metformin use reduced the risk of delirium by 50% and decreased 3-year mortality rates. The study suggests that metformin may be a potential benefit for patients with diabetes, particularly in reducing age-related disorders such as dementia.
The phase III DESTINY-Breast02 trial showed that T-DXd led to higher response rates and longer survival compared to capecitabine-based regimens in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer previously treated with T-DM1. Overall, T-DXd demonstrated superior efficacy and safety in this patient population.
A team of astrophysicists has discovered that at least some long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can result from neutron star mergers, contradicting the long-held belief that they solely originate from massive star collapses. This finding also sheds new light on the formation of the heaviest elements in the universe.
The University of Texas at El Paso will provide scholarships, stipends, and research opportunities to underrepresented students as part of a $5M DOE grant. The program aims to develop electronics for extreme environments and increase the electrical engineering workforce.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that patients who used virtual reality (VR) during hand surgery required less sedation and had shorter recovery times compared to those who received monitored anesthesia care. VR use also improved patient comfort and reduced anxiety.
The event challenged scientists' understanding of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which are the most powerful events in the universe. The burst's high-energy light and kilonova visible and infrared light were detected by NASA's Swift Observatory and Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, providing new insights into how heavy elements are created.
A new research project, led by the University of Reading and University of Southampton, aims to enhance primary foreign language teachers' knowledge and classroom skills using digital technology. The 'Digital Empowerment in Language Teaching' programme will be rolled out across England and Scotland to support teacher development.
Drs. Emilie T. Reas and Tara Tracy will lead transformative research in cognitive aging, focusing on blood-brain barrier dysfunction and the role of KIBRA protein in age-related memory loss. The awards aim to build a cadre of outstanding researchers to better understand and alleviate effects of age-related cognitive decline.
Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have developed a potent drug that neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and its variants by mimicking the ACE2 receptor, making it effective against emerging antibody-resistant strains. The investigational drug, DF-COV-01, could also be used to treat future coronaviruses.
Lying prone reduces the risk of needing a breathing tube in COVID-19 patients by 24.2% compared to usual care, but evidence for its effect on mortality or other outcomes is inconclusive. The intervention also results in 55 fewer intubations per 1,000 patients.
The number of active buprenorphine prescriptions remained constant during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, but new treatment episodes started significantly fewer than expected. This trend occurred despite emergency policies aimed at increasing access to the medication.
A new diagnostic pathway for prostate cancer reduces the number of harmless tumors found during screening, halving the risk of overdiagnosis. This strategy involves using MRI to guide targeted tissue sampling, reducing the need for unnecessary biopsies and associated complications.
A new study allows people with type 2 diabetes to choose their own medication after trying three different drugs in succession. The approach resulted in better glucose control and fewer side effects compared to other methods. Researchers conclude that patients should try before choosing a treatment for optimal results.
A team of astronomers used the Green Bank Telescope to image a galaxy cluster and revealed new information about a supermassive black hole. The study found that at least a portion of the pressure support in the cavities is due to non-thermal sources, such as relativistic particles and cosmic rays.
Researchers uncovered distinct DNA methylation profiles in ocean microbes, shedding light on population dynamics and interactions. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding pathogenicity and developing new approaches to monitoring environmental health.
Researchers at Notre Dame have discovered a way to enhance the effectiveness of existing drugs using a new 'raspberry-shaped' nanoparticle. By varying the loading procedure, they can create particles that release drugs at different rates.
Researchers discovered that trauma changes brain mechanisms involved in learning and survival, such as the salience network. The study found that people with PTSD struggle to distinguish between safe and dangerous stimuli when emotions are involved.
Researchers identified two methods of harvesting rice, which helped initiate rice domestication. The findings showed that the early Neolithic cultures in southern China used both 'finger-knife' and 'sickle' techniques to harvest rice, with the latter method becoming more widely used as rice became more domesticated.
Researchers found that low irisin blood levels could represent an early prognostic marker of muscle atrophy in microgravity environments. The study also suggested that irisin may help prevent the onset of atrophy and aging of skeletal muscle during bed rest.
A phase III clinical trial found that trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) significantly improved overall survival compared to trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. T-DXd was associated with a 36% lower risk of death and higher overall survival rates.
Researchers discovered that RNA interference, a viral defence mechanism, also prevents overproduction of body's own proteins in intestinal cells, promoting ER quality control. This interplay is crucial for maintaining protein balance and overall intestinal health.
Scientists recreated small solar flares in a lab using high-powered lasers, shedding light on the mechanisms behind magnetic reconnection. They recorded electrical currents and plasma acceleration, providing new insights into this fundamental astronomical phenomenon.
A blast of high-energy light from a galaxy 1 billion light-years away challenges long-held theories on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The event, detected by NASA's Swift Observatory and Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, reveals that kilonovae triggered by neutron star collisions can also produce long GRBs.
A new method for preparing microwave squeezed vacuum states has been developed using a cavity magnomechanical system, overcoming limitations of existing Josephson parametric amplifiers. The work enables the production of high-quality squeezed states at room temperature with reduced cost and complexity.
Acoustic engineers use techniques like impulse responses to reproduce dialogue and other sounds in film. This process creates a believable audio experience for viewers, drawing them into the story. By carefully balancing dialogue, effects, and music, sound mixers achieve cinematic magic.
Scientists at Brookhaven Lab will develop a comprehensive theoretical framework for describing the interaction of heavy-flavor particles with quark-gluon plasma. The Heavy-Flavor Theory Collaboration aims to provide insights into the properties of quark-gluon plasma and its precursors in nuclear matter.
Researchers at Google Quantum AI used a quantum processor to create bound states of interacting photons, which survived in a chaotic regime. The discovery challenges previous assumptions and has implications for many-body quantum dynamics and fundamental physics discoveries.
A new coupled computer modeling approach can accurately predict compound flooding events, such as the one caused by Hurricane Florence in 2018. This technique combines ocean and river models to better capture the interactions between storm surges and rain-induced flooding.
The TIL trial has demonstrated that cell therapy using patient's own immune cells is an extremely powerful immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma, with significant shrinkage of metastases in half of patients. Progression-free survival after six months was 53%, significantly better than standard immunotherapy with ipilimumab.
Global rates of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults have increased significantly between 1990 and 2019, with countries with lower socioeconomic development and women under 30 showing the largest increases. High body mass index is the main contributing factor to this trend.
A new case study explores the early years of BioOne and SPIE's nonprofit platform partnership, highlighting its potential to reduce costs and enhance strategic development. The authors share key lessons learned, including the importance of regular communication and reciprocal service-level agreements.
A new space-time coding antenna developed at City University of Hong Kong enables manipulation of beam direction, frequency, and amplitude for improved user flexibility in 6G wireless communications. The antenna relies on software control and combines research advances in leaky-wave antennas and space-time coding techniques.
The NSF is seeking proposals to utilize the ISS National Laboratory for fundamental research in fluid dynamics, thermal transport, and combustion. Researchers aim to advance knowledge that benefits life on Earth, particularly in predicting and preventing catastrophic mudslides after wildfires.
A national study confirms that vaccination significantly reduces disease severity and hospitalization risk for COVID-19, even among individuals who develop breakthrough cases. Hospital stays are shorter, ICU admissions are less common, and hospital deaths are lower among vaccinated adults compared to unvaccinated individuals.
A USC study found that Instagram posts fueled the #BlackLivesMatter protests after George Floyd's death, amplifying conversations around civil rights and shaping large-scale movements. The research showed that visual content, such as images and videos, played a crucial role in reframing narratives and mobilizing coalitions around racia...
Scientists have solved a decades-long puzzle about why ancient tetrapod fossils in Ireland's Jarrow Assemblage had their internal bone structure altered. The team used CT scans and laser ablation to analyze the chemistry of the bones, finding evidence of superheated fluids that cooked and melted the bones.
Researchers found that gamma rays can catalyze the formation of amino acids in early meteorites, which could have contributed to the origin of life on Earth. The study provides evidence for a possible mechanism by which life's building blocks were delivered to our planet.
Lehigh University has received nearly $1.75 million in funding from the US Department of Energy to support fusion energy research, specifically for ITER's long-pulse scenarios. The project aims to prepare ITER for operation and address critical research questions related to plasma control.
Researchers found that nitrogen-fixing trees experience 26% more herbivory than non-fixers, reducing their ability to alleviate nitrogen deficits in tropical soils. This selective feeding by insects and other animals limits the success of fixers and the nitrogen they provide.
A web-based multicomponent intervention has been shown to improve blood pressure control and lower blood pressure levels in patients with hypertension. The study included 4,100 patients and found that such an intervention can provide a new, effective way to treat hypertension in the community.
A GW PhD student's research on a long gamma-ray burst (GRB) has provided conclusive evidence that it was caused by the collision of two neutron stars. This groundbreaking finding challenges the scientific consensus and sheds light on the unique characteristics of GRBs.
A study found that humans are poor at identifying aggressive behavior in dogs and humans, despite accurate categorization of playful interactions. Participants performed better than chance at recognizing non-aggressive interactions but struggled to predict outcomes in aggressive situations.
Atrial fibrillation diagnosis and management are often hindered by social determinants of health, which can lead to adverse outcomes. Researchers hope to address this issue by integrating SDOH into AF research, enabling more equitable access to care and management decisions.
Researchers at MIT and Harvard University have developed a new optogenetics-based tool to manipulate neuron excitability using light. By altering the electrical capacitance of cell membranes, they can change how strongly neurons respond to electrical input, with potential applications in learning, aging, and brain disorders.
Researchers at KIMS developed a technology to manufacture epsilon iron oxide with high coercive force, capable of absorbing millimeter waves in the ultra-high frequency (30-200GHz) band. The technology is expected to accelerate commercialization of wireless communication devices and self-driving car radars.
New research reveals that reducing racial wage gaps would boost overall income by up to 4%. Closing these gaps would alleviate skill misallocation, unemployment, and improve labor market efficiency. The study aims to highlight the economic benefits of addressing inequality in the workplace.
Researchers at The University of Alabama found that properties listed by women agents sold for significantly less than those marketed by men. However, when adjusted for property attributes, there was no significant difference in price or time on the market between male and female real estate agents.
A new study reveals that only a small fraction of marine microorganisms consume oxygen and release carbon dioxide, with less than three percent accounting for up to a third of the process. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of the ocean's carbon cycle.
Researchers have developed a preventative therapeutic approach that prevents stress-induced cell death in pancreatic cells, a hallmark of type 1 diabetes. The treatment targets the GLIS3-MANF pathway common to both major types of diabetes.
A circular bioeconomy can reduce plastic sector's climate impacts, but meeting Paris Climate Accord goals may lead to more plastic landfilling. A fully circular plastic sector is only possible if demand for plastics is curbed, presenting opportunities for negative emissions via biogenic carbon storage.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE explored the relationship between lying and temptation resistance in toddlers. Researchers discovered that young children who lie tend to struggle with self-control, leading them to falsely admit to peeking even when they didn't.
The University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center has received a renewed $360,000 grant from the American Cancer Society to continue supporting junior faculty in establishing and advancing cancer research programs. The grant will provide seed money for nine pilot awards over three years.
Researchers have created a non-flammable electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries by increasing the amount of salt in a polymer-based solution. This 'SAFE' electrolyte proves to be stable at high temperatures, allowing batteries to function safely and efficiently. The development could lead to improved performance, reduced space occupied ...
A new study published in JAMA found that choosing a Medicare Advantage plan does not significantly improve heart attack survival rates compared to traditional Medicare. Despite this, Medicare Advantage participants still had higher rates of certain care procedures and lower hospital readmission rates.
A new Dartmouth study uses a subjective approach to investigate how people perceive social interactions. The results show that the brain responds more strongly to information interpreted as social versus non-social, highlighting humans' tendency to see social connections.
Researchers found a molecular pathway that plants use to direct their carbon dioxide intake, allowing for more efficient water use and increased crop resilience. This breakthrough could lead to new tools for crop breeders and farmers to produce crops robust enough for the changing environment.
Researchers at MIT have developed a scheme for private information retrieval that is about 30 times faster than other comparable methods. The technique enables users to search an online database without revealing their query to the server, with potential applications in private communication and targeted advertising.
A new study published in Neurology found that people taking cholesterol-lowering drugs called statins may have a lower risk of having a type of stroke called an intracerebral hemorrhage. Longer use of statins was associated with a lower risk of stroke in both lobe and non-lobe areas of the brain.
Researchers at USC developed a 'heart attack on a chip' device to study heart attacks and test new personalized medicines. The device replicates the effects of an oxygen gradient on cardiac tissue function, shedding light on the mysteries of heart cell communication and change after a heart attack.
Researchers from the Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology have identified three metabolites as potential biomarkers for individual coffee consumption. These biomarkers could help determine the health value of coffee by objectively verifying coffee consumption levels.
A study found that children born in November-December had an 80% higher risk of being prescribed ADHD medication compared to those born in January-February. The researcher suggests that the youngest children are being overmedicated due to their age, rather than any inherent difference in maturity.
A recent study identified several characteristics associated with a higher likelihood of post COVID-19 condition diagnosis. These include female sex, previous mental health disorders, and asthma. The study also found that use of outpatient care was substantially elevated among individuals with post COVID-19 condition.
Researchers discovered a long-duration gamma-ray burst that defied prevailing theories, leading to the proposal of a new model for its origin. The unusual burst was found to have characteristics similar to those of short-duration bursts, challenging current understanding of gamma-ray burst formation.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Medicine found that COVID-19 vaccines significantly reduce the likelihood of reinfection and severe symptoms. Vaccinated individuals who have recovered from the virus have a 50% to 60% lower risk of reinfection compared to those who are not vaccinated.
A recent study found that pregnant subsistence farmers in The Gambia experience physiological strain due to heat stress exposure, leading to raised foetal heart rates and slower blood flow. The research highlights the need for effective interventions to protect these women and reduce adverse birth outcomes.
New research reveals that bat virus relatives of MERS-CoV efficiently bind to bat ACE2 receptors as an entry point into cells. However, these viruses only weakly bind to human ACE2 cell receptors and are not known to cause disease outbreaks in people.
A landmark study provides the strongest evidence yet that dinosaurs were in their prime when a deadly asteroid hit, leading to their mass extinction. The research shows that mammals diversified their diets and adapted to environments, creating advantages that helped them survive the disaster.
Researchers propose using Earth's karst caves to simulate extraterrestrial lava tubes, demonstrating feasibility in structure and environmental aspects. Karst caves are comparable in size and provide mild environments, reducing energy consumption in terms of heat control.