A team of researchers at Université catholique de Louvain has discovered a way to block the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, preventing infection and offering potential long-term protection against COVID. The breakthrough involves using multivalent glycoclusters that bind strongly to the virus's surface, effectively 'locking' it out of cells.
During the first lockdown, people felt more creative and focused on activities related to the situation, such as cooking and gardening. A positive correlation was found between mood and creativity, with better emotional states leading to increased creative thinking.
The Silence ALS program aims to treat patients with rare genetic forms of ALS using antisense oligonucleotides, potentially delaying disease onset or slowing progression. The initiative focuses on individuals identified through Columbia University's ALS Families Project.
A new study uses machine learning to analyze temperament data from 4,438 babies to classify their age and gender. While algorithms struggle to distinguish between infants under 48 weeks old, accuracy improves as they age, suggesting that gender differences in infancy become more apparent around this time.
A large retrospective study found death rates for cardiovascular diseases among Asian Americans varied by ethnicity, with some subgroups at higher risk. The study emphasizes the importance of separating Asian subgroups for accurate health outcomes and treatment strategies.
Researchers found that vaping prevention ads with clear health harms and neutral imagery are more effective, while flavor-related content increases appeal. The study suggests avoiding memes, hashtags, and other 'teen-centric' communication styles.
A new study reveals that children experience faster growth in height over the school year compared to the summer, resulting in a higher BMI. This seasonality in growth affects the probability of becoming overweight or obese during the summer, highlighting the need for obesity prevention efforts throughout the year.
The American Heart Association published a new statement outlining policy solutions to promote equity in access to nutritious foods throughout the lifespan. The statement encourages policies that ensure nutrition security for all people across their lifespan.
The Institute for Gender and the Economy's new report emphasizes the importance of prioritizing care and the caring economy in research and policymaking. The report identifies key gaps in data collection and analysis, including the lack of information on unpaid care, temporary, and migrant care workers.
An artificial intelligence model trained on histological images of surgical specimens accurately classified patients with and without Crohn disease recurrence. The model revealed previously unrecognized differences in adipose cells and mast cell infiltration, enabling stratification by prognosis for postoperative Crohn disease patients.
Researchers discovered a potential pathway linking early life infections to cardiovascular disease risk later in adulthood. High rates of infant infections were associated with elevated inflammation markers and changes to metabolic profiles.
Less than half of Americans with opioid use disorder received a potentially lifesaving medication over a five-year period. Buprenorphine, which reduces overdose risk, was prescribed even less often for those with polysubstance use disorder, highlighting the underutilization of this effective treatment.
Students in a University of Illinois course used household items like buttercream frosting, toothpaste, and yogurt to measure fluid properties. They developed creative methods for carrying out rheometric measurements, including compression squeeze flow analysis and gravity-driven filament stretching.
Researchers have pinpointed a possible new target for treating patients with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), a highly aggressive blood cancer. Treatment using anti-inflammatories showed promise in rescuing JMML-like symptoms in zebrafish, suggesting a potential new approach to combating the disease.
An analysis found that government websites often understate PFAS health risks, failing to address the needs of highly exposed populations. The study recommends improved communication from agencies and non-governmental organizations to provide accurate and practical guidance for those affected.
Major sporting events frequently result in cost overruns, as organizers underestimate visitor numbers and hospitality demand. The 2017 World Cycling Championships in Bergen, for example, incurred a €5.8 million deficit due to incorrect visitor projections and hotel bookings.
The TVT 2022 program features cutting-edge research on transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and other structural heart therapies. The meeting will focus on patient evaluation, imaging modalities, and therapeutic options.
A new study from Norway found that COPD patients have a higher degree of coronary artery calcification and narrower coronary arteries. The researchers discovered an increased risk of coronary disease in COPD patients, independent of disease severity, emphasizing the importance of early detection.
A study led by Washington University in St. Louis found that nonlethal parasitic infections reduce herbivory rates and trigger trophic cascades impacting plant communities. The research used a mathematical model and global meta-analysis to highlight the ecological consequences of common parasitic infections in wild animals.
The study highlights a significant difference in warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies between the 1997/98 and 2015/16 extreme El Niño seasons. During the 2015/16 event, SST anomalies were modest compared to the 1997/98 event, which saw twice the magnitude of anomalies.
A new wearable device can simultaneously monitor glucose, alcohol, and lactate levels, providing users with a comprehensive picture of their health. This technology has the potential to improve disease management for individuals with diabetes and other conditions, as well as enhance overall wellness through real-time tracking.
Scientists from the University of Geneva discover that copper deposits are formed by mechanisms similar to those causing large volcanic eruptions. The 'porphyry' deposits, containing copper, form when hot fluids release from cooling magmas and develop under the earth's surface.
A study by MIT economists finds that immigrants are 80% more likely to found a firm than native-born citizens. Immigrant-founded firms also have 1% more employees on average, contributing to a net gain in job availability. This challenges the common perception that immigrants fill jobs taken by U.S.-born workers.
Researchers have developed a theoretical model explaining how water mould spores move and change direction, revealing a breaststroke-like motion for turning. The study provides insights into the biophysical nature of these microorganisms, which could lead to new avenues in physics research.
A team of researchers identified common epigenetic mechanisms related to food addiction in rodents and humans. The study found that microRNAs affected in the mouse brain were also altered in people's plasma, providing a potential biomarker for early diagnosis.
A recent study by the American Psychological Association found a small but significant increase in loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a 5% rise in loneliness prevalence across individual studies. However, not all groups experienced this increase, highlighting the need for further research on risk and protective factors.
Researchers at Kessler Foundation found significant improvement in processing speed among individuals with MS after a five-week training intervention. The treatment effect was maintained six months later, with dosage correlating with improved outcomes.
The American Heart Association emphasizes the need for improved research, awareness and equity in women's heart health. The advisory highlights key indicators of cardiovascular health among women, including blood pressure control and diabetes management.
A well-designed work-study program can improve earnings and employment likelihood for participants, with no negative impact on school attendance or grades. The study found that working experience increased conscientiousness and work attitudes, leading to higher wages and earnings.
A study funded by NIH found that women who had high blood pressure during pregnancy had a 63% increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease later in life. Early screening and monitoring in targeted areas can help delay or prevent future cardiovascular events among these women.
Research led by Penn State College of Medicine found that US-born Black adults have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease compared to Black immigrants. The study analyzed data from nearly 65,000 Black adults aged 25-74 and found that deaths were 54% lower among immigrants overall and 40% lower from cardiovascular disease.
Women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are at a 63% higher risk of cardiovascular disease compared to those with normal blood pressure. The majority of the increased risk is accounted for by chronic hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have discovered a zirconium-based metal–organic framework material that catalyzes the degradation of PET into its monomers. This process can be reused to make high-value PET products, enabling the development of a circular economy. The catalyst breaks down PET waste at 260°C with yields up to 98%
Researchers at POSTECH developed a p-channel perovskite thin film transistor (TFT) with a threshold voltage of 0 V, achieving high hole mobility and stability without hysteresis. The device was integrated with commercialized n-channel IGZO TFTs to construct high-gain complementary inverters.
Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) have identified a stem rust resistance gene in Aegilops sharonensis and transferred it to common wheat. The new transgenic wheat lines show high levels of resistance to the stem rust pathogen, providing hope for mitigating the devastating effects of climate change.
Researchers discovered a novel form of gene regulation altered in bladder cancer, which boosts the unfolded protein response pathway to help cancer cells survive during rapid growth. Elevated TRMT6/61A enzyme levels prevent tRF-3bs from silencing genes in this pathway.
A systematic review of literature found that breastfeeding is generally associated with fewer mental health symptoms and a decreased risk of postpartum depression. However, difficulties with breastfeeding or unmet expectations can have negative mental health consequences.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that a healthy Mediterranean diet can significantly improve symptoms of depression in young men. The 12-week randomized control trial showed that nearly all participants stayed with the program and reported positive results.
The Center for Advanced Electronics through Machine Learning (CAEML) has received Phase II funding to apply machine learning to electronic circuit design, increasing efficiency and reliability. The center will focus on five technical challenges, including analog circuit design and security of design IP.
Institutional landlords have raised rent prices in neighborhoods where they own properties, but also improved neighborhood quality and safety. However, these improvements come at a cost to affordability, as rents increased by an average of 0.51% in overlapped neighborhoods.
A new study at Stellenbosch University identified significant knowledge gaps among medical specialists regarding the emergency management of hyperkalaemia. The researchers recommend starting therapy when potassium levels reach 6 mmol/L or higher, performing an ECG on all patients, and monitoring for hypoglycaemia.
Researchers discovered and characterized licochalcone C and isobavachalcone as potent inhibitors of bile salt hydrolases (BSHs), with potential applications in modulating bile acid metabolism. The study revealed that these compounds reversibly inhibit BSHs via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions.
Researchers uncover a new mechanism for lowering thermal conductivity in a unique material, which could aid the search for materials converting heat to electricity or vice versa. The discovery reveals a quantum mechanical twist on what drives exceptional thermoelectric properties.
A recent analysis reveals a unprecedented increase in Atlantic tropical cyclones and a decrease in Western North Pacific storms, with greenhouse gas-induced global warming potentially playing a role. The study suggests that climate models need to be evaluated to predict future changes in tropical cyclone numbers between the two basins.
Researchers have developed a multi-dimensional approach to quantify cognitive decline in aging dogs, which may also inform human Alzheimer's disease treatment. The method combines physical exams, lab tests, and cognitive assessments to provide a more complete picture of canine cognitive function.
A Rutgers University study found that expanding prison opioid treatment programs could reduce the risk of overdose and death among ex-inmates. The researchers suggest that further education on post-release opioid risks is necessary to increase participation in these programs.
A new study suggests that supplementing a diet with Ascidiacea, also known as sea squirts, reverses some main signs of aging in animal models. The researchers found that plasmalogens, vital to body processes, decrease with age and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A study by Rice University bioscientists has revealed the presence of a central metal ion critical to DNA replication and implicated in misincorporation. The research found that three metal ions are involved in the process, with the first supporting nucleotide binding and the second stabilizing the binding of loose nucleotides. This di...
Researchers at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute use a technique called PADMEseq to identify cancer cells that are resistant to immunotherapy. These cells form a hostile environment around themselves, making it difficult for the immune system to target them.
Researchers found that hypoxia can activate immune cells called ILC2s, which respond to harmless environmental allergens and drive mucus production and inflammation in the lungs. The study identifies adrenomedullin as a new target for treating inflammatory and allergic lung diseases.
Cancer incidence is projected to double in SSA by 2040, with 1.4 million cases per year expected without rapid interventions. Women are more affected by cancer than men in the region, with breast and cervical cancers among the most common types.
A new study suggests that screening these groups at lower BMI and younger ages could reduce undiagnosed diabetes rates and improve health equity. The findings recommend tailored approaches to address the increased risk of diabetes among Asian, Hispanic, and Black Americans.
A new study found that access to modernized supermarkets with fresh foods in NYC's poorest neighborhoods led to a 1% decline in obesity rates and reductions of 4-10% in BMI-z scores. The results suggest that supermarket subsidies could play an effective role in addressing childhood obesity, especially among Hispanic and Black children.
A new drug called abemaciclib has been shown to halt the growth of recurring brain tumors in patients with aggressive meningiomas. The treatment targets a common molecular pathway that enables cells to divide rapidly and come back after surgery, allowing researchers to predict recurrence more accurately.
A Washington State University study found that young adults at risk of food insecurity had a higher incidence of diabetes 10 years later. The study analyzed data from nearly 4,000 people and found that those who experienced food insecurity risk were more likely to develop diabetes in middle adulthood.
A tropical spider species uses a thin layer of air to hide underwater from predators for up to 30 minutes, according to Binghamton University researchers. This unique adaptation allows the spider to prevent thermal loss and maintain respiratory function while submerged.
Researchers developed a technique to study supermassive black holes smaller than M87's by measuring the brightness of their shadows over time. The 'shadow' signal can reveal the size and shape of a black hole's event horizon, shedding light on gravity's nature.
Researchers discover innovative method to test Unruh effect in lab settings, enabling experimentation with high-intensity lasers. They also find acceleration-induced transparency, a phenomenon that could aid in unifying Einstein's general relativity with quantum mechanics.
Rates of postpartum depression symptoms increased nationwide during the pandemic, reaching a high of 7.7% in December 2020 to March 2021. States with fewer COVID-19 deaths and lower unemployment rates showed greater increases in symptoms, likely due to reduced access to support systems.
A study published in JCI Insight reveals that epigenetic drugs targeting BRD4 significantly reduce scarring in patients with scleroderma. The findings could lead to repurposing these drugs for faster relief from debilitating symptoms of this chronic disease.